Micro Ch. 15

Front 1

Some microbes don't cause disease by ____ instead disease is due to ________

Back 1

directly damaging hose tissue

accumulation of microbial waste. Cause disease without penetration

Front 2

Portals of Entry
(3)

Back 2

1. mucous membranes
2. skin
3. direct desposition beneath skin or membranes (parenteral route)

Front 3

Mucous Membranes

where are they? give examples of how the pathways of each and diseases caused

Back 3

1. respiratory tract- easiest and most frequent portal of entry
Microbes inhaled. Common cold, pneumonia, TB, influenza, measles

2. Gastrointestinal tract- via food/water/ contaminated fingers. most destroyed by stomach acid or bile. Typhoid fever, amoebic dysentery, cholera

3. genitourinary tract- sexually contracted. penetrate unbroken membrane or cut. STI's.

Front 4

Skin Penetration
*unbroken skin is ____
*microbes gain access through ___
*Larvae of the hookworm___
*what is membrane that lines eye?

Back 4

*impenetrable by most microbes
*hair follicles and sweat gland ducts
*bore through intact skin
*conjunctiva. diseases such as conjunctivis, trachoma,

Front 5

Parenteral Route
*how microbes gain access?
*examples

Back 5

*deposited directly into tissues beneath skin or into mucous membranes
*punctures, injections, insect bites, wounds

examples: HIV, hepatitis, tetanus, gangrene

Front 6

Many pathogens have a preferred portal of entry which is _______

Back 6

prerequisite for them to be able to cause disease.

Front 7

Virulence

Back 7

The extent of pathogenicity

Front 8

ID50
expresses virulence of a microbe. compare relative virulence.

LD50
potency of a toxin.

Back 8

Infectious dose for 50% of the test population

Lethal dose (of a toxin) for 50% of the test population

**numbers are important to pathogenicity

Front 9

**Know chart on slide 3 chapter 15

Back 9

portal of entry --> penetration or evasion of host defenses --> damage to host cells --> portals of exit

Front 10

**slide 4 examples

Back 10

LEARN THEM FOOL

Front 11

Adherence

Back 11

mechanism for attaching to host tissues at their portal of entry. Many then form biofilms.

Front 12

Adhesins/ligands bind to ____

examples

Back 12

receptor cells (often made of sugar)

Glycocalyx (capsule): Streptococcus mutans
Fimbriae (pili): Escherichia coli
M protein: Streptococcus pyogenes

*adhesins usually glycoproteins or lipoproteins