Mh Iii Essay 1

Front 1

Baroque Era, and what triggereed change?

Back 1

(1600-1750) Bach Dies

Front 2

Classical Era

Back 2

17501815

Front 3

Romantic Era

Back 3

1815-1912

Front 4

Baroque Era Characteristics

Back 4

Major/Minor Tonalities

Front 5

Bach introduced what to music?

Back 5

Rapid Harmoni Motion, Counterpoint.

Front 6

What is significant about every era?

Back 6

Tends to be the reaction of the previous era.

Front 7

Who leads us to the Romantic Period?

Back 7

CPE Bach

Front 8

What are the main characteristics of the romantic period

Back 8

Individuality, and emotion

Front 9

What is the basis of all chamber music

Back 9

Large Sonata Form

Front 10

What is Large Sonata Form?

Back 10

4 movements.

1. (Fast) Sonata Allegro
2. (Slow) Theme and variations, Binary or ternary.
3. (18th Century) Minuet and trio, tripple meter. (19th Century) Scherzo and Trio, fast tripple meter.
4. Sonata Allego, Rondo (A-b-a-c-a-b-a), Choconne

Front 11

What is Sonata Allegro Form

Back 11

Intro (No Tunes)
Exposition (3 Tunes, Home Key and V Key)
Development (Motivic Modulation)
Recapitulation (3 tunes, all home key)

Front 12

Passaraglia

Back 12

Series of repaeated notes

Front 13

Chacconne

Back 13

Series of repeated harmony

Front 14

Concerto

Back 14

Large sonata without the third movement.

Front 15

Cyclic Motion

Back 15

repeating material from one movement in another.

Front 16

Ivory Tower (1st Aesthetic)

Back 16

19th century. No interest in style or fasion. 2 types of music: Piano or Serious (string quartet or symphonic) music and live off the royalties. Interested in self immortality, no patronage neccessary.

Front 17

Patronage System

Back 17

Catholic, protestand, and lutheran chucrches, Calvinistic branch, Aristocracy, and Govt.

Front 18

First of the romantics who died for his music

Back 18

Mozart

Front 19

Wrote for his own immortality

Back 19

Beethoven

Front 20

Nationalism (2nd Aesthetic)

Back 20

Utilizing your culture to imprint your music. Folk tunes, folk melodies, ethnic materials.

Front 21

Conflict Between words and music. (3rd Aesthetic)

Back 21

Begins to disinigrate during the 19th century. Program music

Front 22

Program Music

Back 22

1.) descriptive-person, place, thing, event
2.) Philosophical starting point- Something stuns you and makes you want to create.

Front 23

Timbre, and Tonal Language (4th aesthetic)

Back 23

"Tone color"- Piano forte, valves for brass, String instruments change, woodwind fingerings change. Chromatacism, and tone center dissappears.

Front 24

Tourte

Back 24

Creates a new bow for violin

Front 25

Historicism (5th aesthetic)

Back 25

The study of music of the past, Publishers allow this to happen.

Front 26

Romantic Classicist Characteristics

Back 26

Structured MElody, Homophonic Texture, Static Harmonic Motion, Put into structure-Large Sonata Form, Conservative.

Front 27

Avante Guarde Characteristics

Back 27

Interested in timbre/tone color and changing and expanding the harmonic language, Expanding on instruments, Make virtuosic playing an art form in itself.

Front 28

Who are the post romantic composers who lead us into the 20th century

Back 28

Strauss, Bruckner, and Mahler

Front 29

Beethoven 3 Stylistic Periods

Back 29

Envision by D'Indy, Immitation, Externalization, and Reflection

Front 30

1. Immitation (Beethoven)

Back 30

First Piece Op1, No1. Opus 18 String Quartet. First 2 Symphonies. 4 movements. More virtuosic, utilizes changes in instruments. Similar to Hayden or Mozart but more elaborate.

Front 31

2. Externalization

Back 31

Symphony 3-8, Emperor Concerto. Deeply romantic period. Utilizes large sonata in different ways. Virtuosit an element. Sonata form is expanded. Emotion, timbe, and tone color become important ot beethoven

Front 32

3. Reflection

Back 32

Utilized historicism, Moves away from difficult writing. More difficult Harmonically. 9th symphony. Opus 127-133 (Quartet)Motivic development and variation. Influenced by bach.

Front 33

Murky Bass

Back 33

Octave eight notes

Front 34

Mendelssohn

Back 34

(1809-1847)0 Lived rfrom mountain tops. Wealthy family, great education. Grandson of Moses MEndelssohn (Philosopher).Lived in berlin, big house, lots of aprties. University of Berlin with Hagel, Goethe. Huge repuatation, Heir to beethoven.

Front 35

Mendelssohn instrumental works

Back 35

Organ, Piano, Chamber, Orchestral, Symphnies. Structure based on large sonata forms. Progromatic overtures.

Front 36

Vocal works

Back 36

Oratorios: Elijah, St. Paul

Front 37

Cantata

Back 37

Small scale vocal work

Front 38

Oratorio

Back 38

Large scale with arias and recitative. Not always liturgical, tells a story.

Front 39

Cadenza

Back 39

improviseed solo section

Front 40

Chopin

Back 40

(1810-1849) (Romantic) Polish/French. Wrote only for piano. "Poet of Piano" Wrote character pieces

Front 41

Character piece

Back 41

Short keyboard piece expressing a mood or idea. (Romantic)

Front 42

Bercuese (CP)

Back 42

Songlike piece

Front 43

Baladde (CP)

Back 43

epic poem, longer bercuese

Front 44

Etude (CP)

Back 44

study piece

Front 45

Prelude (CP)

Back 45

Short Work

Front 46

Impromptu (CP)

Back 46

spontaneous, written improv

Front 47

Fantasy (CP)

Back 47

free and immaginative

Front 48

Scherzo (CP)

Back 48

Joke, Longer

Front 49

Nocturne (CP)

Back 49

night piece

Front 50

Chopin dance pieces

Back 50

Waltz- stylized dances. Polonaise and Muzurkes- Court dance

Front 51

Rubato

Back 51

Stretching time

Front 52

Paganini

Back 52

Inspired Liszt. thought to be without a soul, Great violin player, etc.

Front 53

Liszt

Back 53

Inspired by paganini, generous with fortune, first to give solo recital, turned piano sideways.

Front 54

Program music

Back 54

instrumental music associated by the composer with an outside idea.

Front 55

Concert overture

Back 55

Indepentent one movement work. Often Sonata form "1812 Overture" Tchaikovsky.

Front 56

Incidental Music

Back 56

music written to be played around acts of a play. Overture with 5-6 other pieces, Ex. Mendelssohns music for Am Midsummer Nights Dream.

Front 57

Tone Poem, or Symphonic Poem.

Back 57

One movement, long coplex, Free structure, Liszt Berloiz and Strauss, Les Preludes.

Front 58

Hector Berloiz

Back 58

French composer known for his program music.

Front 59

Berlioz Symphony Fantastique

Back 59

Program symphony composed for berlioz infatuation with women

Front 60

Fixed Idea

Back 60

melodic theme associated with a person or object.

Front 61

RC Composers

Back 61

Beethoven, Mendelssohn,

Front 62

AG Composers

Back 62

Paganini, Liszt, Chopin,

Front 63

Liszt Traits

Back 63

father of tone poem, piano composer, patron, you can play him you can play anythin "Virtuosity"