Mgt 3303 Exam 1.2

Front 1

Who is Peter Drucker

Back 1

Peter Drucker was the creator and inventor of modern management.

Front 2

What is the name of the text Peter Drucker published in 1954

Back 2

The Practice of Management- Which proposed that management should be treated as a profession like medicine or law

Front 3

What is evidence-based management?

Back 3

translating principles based on best evidence into organizational practice, bringing rationality to the decision-making process

Front 4

How did Stanford business scholars Jeffrey Pfeffer and Robert Sutton describe evidence-based management?

Back 4

As they put it, evidence-based management is based on the belief that "facing the hard facts about what works and what doesn't, understanding the dangerous half-truths that constitute so much conventional wisdom about management, and rejecting the total nonsense that too often passes for sound advice will help organizations perform better."

Front 5

What are the two overarching perspectives about management?

Back 5

The historical perspective and the contemporary perspective

Front 6

Define the Historical Perspective of Management

Back 6

The view of management that includes the classical, behavioral, and quantitative viewpoints

Front 7

Define the Contemporary Perspective of Management

Back 7

The business approach that includes three viewpoints: systems, contingency, and quality-management

Front 8

what are the five good reasons for studying theoretical perspective?

Back 8

1. Understanding of the present
2. guide to action
3. Source of new ideas
4. Clues to meaning of your managers' decisions
5. Clues to meaning of outside events

Front 9

define the classical viewpoint

Back 9

The classical viewpoint emphasized finding ways to manage work more efficiently, had two branches: scientific and administrative

Front 10

define scientific management

Back 10

emphasizing the scientific study of work methods to improve the productivity of individual workers

Front 11

who were the two chief proponents of scientific management

Back 11

Frederick W. Taylor and the team of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth

Front 12

What did Frederick Taylor call underachieving or loafing

Back 12

soldiering

Front 13

What was Frederick Taylor known as

Back 13

"The father of scientific management"

Front 14

What are Frederick Taylor's four principles of science

(Frank and Lillian Gilbreth extended on this idea with movie film)

Back 14

1. Evaluate a task by scientifically studying each part of the task (not us old rule of thumb methods).
2. Carefully select workers with the right abilities for he task
3. Give workers the training the incentives to do the task with the proper work methods
4. Use scientific principles to plan the work methods and ease the way for workers to do their jobs

Front 15

define administrative management

Back 15

administrative management is concerned with managing the total organization

Front 16

behavioral viewpoint

Back 16

emphasized the importance of understanding human behavior and of motivating employees toward achievement

Front 17

human-relations movement

Back 17

proposed that better human relations could increase worker productivity

Front 18

Behavioral science

Back 18

relies on scientific research for developing theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers

Front 19

quantitative management

Back 19

the application to management of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations. The two branches of quantitative management are management science and operations management

Front 20

management science

Back 20

focuses on using mathematics to aid in problem solving and decision making

Front 21

operations management

Back 21

focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effictively

Front 22

globalization

Back 22

the trend of the world economy toward becoming a more interdependent system.

Front 23

global village

Back 23

refers to the shrinking of time and space as air travel and the electronic media have made it easier for the people of the globe to communicate with one another

Front 24

e-commerce

Back 24

the buying and selling of products and services through computer networks

Front 25

global economy

Back 25

refers to the increasing tendency of the economies of the world to interact with one another as one market instead of many national markets

Front 26

multinational corporation

Back 26

also known as multinational enterprise, is a business firm with operations in several countries

Front 27

multinational organization

Back 27

a nonprofit organization with operations in several countries; red cross, World Health Organization, etc

Front 28

ethnocentric managers

Back 28

believe that their native country, culture, language, and behavior are superior to all others.

Front 29

parochialism

Back 29

a narrow view in which people see things solely through their own perspective

Front 30

polycentric managers

Back 30

take the view that native managers in the foreign offices best understand native personnel and practices, and so the home office should leave them alone

Front 31

geocentric managers

Back 31

accept that there are differences and similarities between home and foreign personnel and practices and that they should us whatever techniques are most effective

Front 32

maquiladoras

Back 32

manufacturing plants allowed to operate in Mexico with special privileges in return for employing Mexican citizens

Front 33

outsourcing

Back 33

using suppliers outside the company to provide goods and services.

Front 34

Global outsourcing

Back 34

using suppliers outside the United States to provide labor, goods, or services

Front 35

importing

Back 35

a company buys goods outside the country and resells them domestically

Front 36

exporting

Back 36

a company produces goods domestically and sells them outside the country

Front 37

countertrading

Back 37

bartering goods for goods

Front 38

franchising

Back 38

a form of licensing in which a company allows a foreign company to pay it a fee and a share of the profit in return for using the first company's brand name and a package of materials and services

Front 39

joint venture/strategic alliance

Back 39

a strategic alliance with a foreign company to share risks and rewards of starting a new enterprise together in a foreign country

Front 40

wholly-owned subsidiary

Back 40

a foreign subsidiary that is totally owned and controlled by an organization

Front 41

greenfield venture

Back 41

a foreign subsidiary that the owning organization has built from scratch

Front 42

free trade

Back 42

the movement of goods and services among nations without political or economic obstruction

Front 43

trade protectionism

Back 43

the use of government regulations to limit the import of goods and services

Front 44

tariff

Back 44

a trade barrier in the form of a customs duty, or tax, levied mainly on imports

Front 45

import quota

Back 45

a trade barrier in the form of a limit on the numbers of a product that can be imported

Front 46

dumping

Back 46

the practice of a foreign company's exporting products abroad at a lower price in the home market-or even below the costs of production-in order to drive down the price of eh domestic product

Front 47

embargo

Back 47

is a complete ban on the import or export of certain products

Front 48

World Trade Organization (WTO)

Back 48

designed to monitor and enforce trade agreements

Front 49

World Bank

Back 49

provide low-interest loans to developing nations for improving transportation, education, health, and telecommunications

Front 50

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Back 50

designed to assist in smoothing the flow of money between nations

Front 51

exchange rate

Back 51

the rate at which one country's currency can be exchanged for another country's currency

Front 52

trading bloc aka economic community

Back 52

a group of nations within a geographical region that have agreed

Front 53

low-context culture

Back 53

shared meanings are primarily derived from written and spoken words

Front 54

high-context culture

Back 54

people rely heavily on situational cues for meaning when communicating with others

Front 55

Hofstede model of four cultural dimensions

Back 55

identified four dimensions along which national cultures can be places: 1. individualism/collectivism, 2. power distance, 3. uncertainty avoidance, and 4. masculinity/femininity

Front 56

GLOBE project

Back 56

a massive and ongoing cross-cultural investigation of nine cultural dimensions involved in leadership and organizational processes

Front 57

monochronic time

Back 57

a preference for doing one thing at a time

Front 58

polychronic time

Back 58

a preference for doing more than one thing at a time

Front 59

expatriates

Back 59

people living or working in a foreign country