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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
_______ is the formal system of task and job reporting relationships that determine how employees use resources to achieve the organizations goals
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Organizational Structure
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A business owner accepts the importance of the ____ theory. Consequently, he has structured his company to fit the factors that affect it the most in an effort to eliminate as much uncertainty as possible.
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Contigency Theory
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____ is the number of new or unexpected problems or situations that a person or functional group encounters while performing tasks or jobs.
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Task Variety
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Examples of ______ include typical mass-production or assembly operations.
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Routine Technology
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A company uses mass production to manufacture toilet paper. The organization MOST LIKELY has a_________ structure.
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Mechanistic
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An example of ______ is the services rendered by a small group of auditors hired to evaluate the accuracy of a firm's financial statements.
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Small Batch Technology
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A __________ groups functions into divisions to respond to the needs of particular types of customers.
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Market structure
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Compared to organic organizations, generally mechanistic organizations have more levels of heirarchy, large span of control and centralizes decision making. TRUE or FALSE
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True
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Which of the following does NOT make a major contribution to a company's culture?
A) Company clients and vendors B) People within the company C) Ethics of a company D) Company's org. structure |
A) Company's client and vendors
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________ fail to motivate or inspire employees; moreover, they lead to stagnation and often failure over time.
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Intert Cultures
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In countries where collectivism prevails, the value of ______ is very weak.
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Developing individual wealth
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Due to high sales, a small company has record profits. The company is in a country with short-term orientation. In light of their record profits, the company is MOST LIKELY to _____.
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Throw a party and give employees much needed vacation time
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The United States and Hong Kong have low scores in _____ when people in these regions are easygoing, value diversity, and are tolerant of differences.
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uncertainty avoidance
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All of the following are org. impediments to change except_____.
A) mechanistic structure B) power and conflict C) uncertainty and insecurity D) differences in functional orientation |
C) uncertainty and insecurity
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All of the following are group impediments to change EXCEPT______.
A) Group norms B) Group cohesiveness C) Group Think D) Group habit |
D) Group habit
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Many managers have altered their management styles in an effort to motivate minority and female employees MOST LIKELY as a result of ever changing ______ characteristics of the work force.
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Demographics
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Research suggests that ____ is one of the main reasons for the inability of some organizations to change the status quo.
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Inertia
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_____ mark an individual's entry to, promotion in, and departure from the organization.
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Rites of Passage
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What are the 3 types of heuristics?
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Availability: vivid memory
Representativeness: Similar events, base rate Anchoring & Adjustment: Initial amount |
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What are the pros and cons of group decision making?
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Pros: More and diverse perspectives, higher acceptance, better legitimacy
Cons: Time consuming, pressure to conform, group polarization, diffusion of responsibility, and dominated by a few members |
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Tuckmans 5 stage model
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Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning
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In the Tuckman's 5 stage model, what stage do group members agree on standards to guide their behavior?
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Norming - Stage 2
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List the two sources of errors in decision making.
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Heuristics and escalation of commitment
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Steps in the classical decision making model.
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List all alternatives
List consequences to each alternative Rank according to personal preference Choose alternative with most desired consquences |
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Define Power Distance.
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Degree to which a country accepts the fact that differences in its citizens' physical & intellectual capabilities give rise to inequalities in their well-being. Social welfare ranks low, while gap between rich and poor ranks high
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List the forces for change.
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Competitive forces, economic forces, political & global forces, demographic forces, social forces, and ethical forces
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Individual forces against change include____.
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Uncertainty & insecurity
Selective perception & retention Habit |
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Group level forces against change include_____.
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Group norms, group cohesiveness, group think, and escalation of commitment
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Organization level forces against change include_____.
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Org. inertia
Power & conflict Differences in functional orientation mechanistic structure Org. culture |
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What are the three levels of forces against change?
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Individual
Group Organizational |
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What are the 3 steps to change?
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Unfreeze from present state
Make the changes Refreeze to the new state |
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_______ are the desired end state or outcome that people seek to achieve.
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Terminal Values
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_____ are the desired mode or type of behavior that people seek to follow.
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Instrumental Values
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The development of routine responses to recurring problems or opportunities define __________.
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Standardization
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