Mexico

Front 1

camarilla

Back 1

a politician's personal following in a patron-client relationship

Front 2

corporatism

Back 2

describes the way people are integrated into the system via patron-client relations

Front 3

debt crisis

Back 3

the massive accumulation of loans taken out by third world countries and owed to northern banks and governments from the 1970s onward

Front 4

electoral alchemy

Back 4

the way Mexican governments have used fraud to rig elections

Front 5

import substitution

Back 5

development strategy that uses tariffs and other barriers to imports, and therefore stimulates domestic industries

Front 6

maquiladora

Back 6

factory in Mexico (initially on the US border, now anywhere) that operates tax-free in manufacturing goods for export

Front 7

mestizo

Back 7

a Mexican of mixed racial origin

Front 8

newly industrializing country

Back 8

a country that has developed a strong industrial base and grown faster than most of the third world

Front 9

nonreelection

Back 9

principle in Mexican politics that bars politicians from holding office for 2 consecutive terms

Front 10

patron-client relations

Back 10

neofeudal relations in which "patrons" gain the support of "clients" through the mutual exchange of benefits and obligations

Front 11

pendulum effect

Back 11

reflects the fact that the PRI can move from one side to another on its own as circumstances warrant

Front 12

sexeño

Back 12

the six year term of a Mexican president

Front 13

Calderón

Back 13

current president elected in 2006

Front 14

Lazaro Cárdenas

Back 14

president from 1934-1940; the last radical reformer to hold office

Front 15

Miguel de la Madrid

Back 15

president from 1982-1988; introduced the structural adjustment reforms

Front 16

Diaz

Back 16

introduced the principle fo nonreelection; ironically, de facto dictator of the country for 25 years in the late 19th and early 20th centuries

Front 17

Fox

Back 17

first non-PRI president; 2000-2006

Front 18

structural adjustment

Back 18

development strategy that stresses integration into global markets, privatizations, etc; supported by the World Bank, IMF, and other financial institutions

Front 19

Salinas de Gortari

Back 19

president from 1988-1994; continued structural adjustment reforms; currently living in exile

Front 20

Santa Anna

Back 20

19th century general and dictator responsible for Mexico losing more than 1/3 of its territory to the US