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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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steps in asking an empirical question
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"Begin with an Observation or Idea
Construct a Hypothesis Read the Scientific Literature Refine the Hypothesis " |
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good science begins with a good _________
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good science begins with a good hypothesis
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what is a hypothesis?
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"A clear and simple statement that predicts a
relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable. A hypothesis makes a prediction that can be tested empirically. The results of the experiment apply only to the population under study. The results of the experiment should CONFIRM or DISCONFIRM the hypothesis. " |
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steps in writing a hypothesis
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"A clear and simple statement that predicts a
relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable. A hypothesis makes a prediction that can be tested empirically. The results of the experiment apply only to the population under study. The results of the experiment should confirm or disconfirm the hypothesis. " |
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"A hypothesis makes a prediction that can be tested _____________.
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"A hypothesis makes a prediction that can be tested empirically.
" |
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"A clear and simple statement that predicts a relationship between an _____________ variable and a _____________ variable.
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"A clear and simple statement that predicts a relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable.
" |
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"The results of the experiment apply only to the _____________.
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"The results of the experiment apply only to the population under study.
" |
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"The results of the experiment should _____________ or _____________ the hypothesis.
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"The results of the experiment should confirm or disconfirm the hypothesis.
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Specify _______ and _______ of Independent Variable
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Specify nature and properties of Independent Variable
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Specify _______ that constitute Dependent Variable
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Specify measurements that constitute Dependent Variable
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Specify the _______ between IV and DV
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Specify the relationship between IV and DV
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State the _______ before the _______
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State the IV before the DV
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Specify the _______ to which the relationship applies
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Specify the population to which the relationship applies
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Use _______ forms when referring to subjects
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Use plural forms when referring to subjects
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Is it OK to refere to statistical significance or effect size?
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Do NOT refer to statistical significance or effect size
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Is it OK to use terms like ‘prove’ or ‘discover’?
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Do NOT use terms like ‘prove’ or ‘discover’
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"what is the ID and what is the DV?
In male rats, increasing the duration of restraint stress will increase the numberof working memory errors during acquisition of a radial arm maze task. " |
"Id variable: increasing the duration of restraint stress
Predicting (give direction) – dependant variable: will increase the number of working memory errors during acquisition of a radial arm maze task " |
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what is the most important thing in a grant application?
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solid & well defined hypothesis
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where do you communicate your work?
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"Conference Presentations (Talks, Posters)
Empirical Journal Articles Review Articles Grant Proposals Lay Publications " |
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"writing is a style of composition
what is composition?" |
"Sharp Sentence Structure
Vary Sentence Length Use Transitional Words or Phrases Proofread for Grammar and Spelling Do Not Assume Knowledge Do Not Plagiarize Use Readable Fonts (grants) Adhere to Page Limits (grants) Include Figures in Text (grants) " |
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What is important in writing?
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"Organization
Flow Integration Accuracy Creativity Referencing " |
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describe the writing process
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"Focus Topic
Search for Articles Recent Reviews Create Outline Compose start very very general & work down to pretty specific. ONCE very specific, insert hypothesis." |
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proper reference formats
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"McCain et al., 2008; Obama et al., 2008
Reference Section Alphabetical or Sequential (1) Consistent and Conventional Format " |
