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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What two winds form tornado rotation
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westerly wind shear aloft (on top) AND southern surface winds
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Do tornados begin horizontal (along horizon) or vertical (up and down)?
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HORIZONTAL
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three stages of a tornadoes angle
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starts horizonta
goes perpendicular - slanted ends verticall |
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what causes change from horizontal to vertical
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updrafts
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The vertical circulation is
cyclonic where |
on the south side
anti-cyclonic on the north. |
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The vertical circulation is
ANTIcyclonic where |
anti-cyclonic on the north.
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is a mesocyclone a tornado
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no - air intake - beginning of formation
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as mesocyclone rises upward, what happens to diameter
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decreases
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as mesocyclone rises upward, what happens to rotation
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faster
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a wall
cloud forms when. |
*rotation of mesocyclone increases AND
*pressure drops at the bottom of the cloud; |
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is a funnel cloud a tornado
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no - tornado after touches ground
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where do Most tornadoes on Earth occur
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in U.S.
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has there been tornadoes in every state
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yes
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why does us have so many tornadoes
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North-south oriented mountain ranges like Rocky Mtns and Appalachian Mtns
funnel cold polar air toward warm, humid air from Gulf of Mexico |
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are there more tornados in different regiond depending on the season
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Tornadoes tend to migrate seasonally with
jet (wind shear) |
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when is peak tornado season - most occur what month
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april and may in spring
november in fall |
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which state has most tornados
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texas - large state - flatland
average 124ish |
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other heavy hit tornado states
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oklahoma - 52
kansas - 47 nebraska -37 |
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oklahoma -kansas -nebraska -
area known as..... |
tornado alley
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MS area averages how many tornados per 10,000 sq ft area
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around 3
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OK area averages how many tornados per 10,000 sq ft area
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around 9
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time of day most toradoes occur
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3pm 4pm 5pm
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The damage from a tornado occurs due to...
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the strong winds.
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what determines strength of tornado
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the damage it causes.
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how is the damage measured
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Fujita Scale.
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who developed fujita scale
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Dr. Ted Fujita
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The Fujita Scale was revised recently; now called....
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now
using the Enhanced Fujita Scale. |
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why was scale revised
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more details to determine level
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how many damage indicators are there
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28 Damage Indicators (houses, malls,
skyscrapers, trees, etc.) |
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DOD 1
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threshold of visible damage - you can see things were effected
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DOD2
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loss of roof gutters and metal siding
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DOD3
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broken glass on doors and windows
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DOD4
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uplift of roof and decks, chimneys collapse, garage doors damaged
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DOD5
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house shifts from foundation
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DOD6
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large part of roof removed - walls still standing
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DOD7
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top floor exterior (outside) walls collapse
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DOD8
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top floor interior (inside)walls collapse
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DOD9
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most walls collapse - small rooms like closet bathroom left standing
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DOD10
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total destruction
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degree of damage based on ....
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structure collapse not broken tree tops
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wind speed • EF0
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– 65-85 mph
• EF1 – 86-110 mph • EF2 – 111-135 mph • EF3 – 136-165 mph • EF4 – 166-200 mph • EF5 - > 200mph |
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wind speed •• EF1
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86-110 mph
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wind speed • EF2
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111-135 mph
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wind speed • EF3
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136-165 mph
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wind speed • EF4
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166-200 mph
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wind speed • EF5
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over 200mph
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storm safety - if in mobile home - do what
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GET OUT
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storm safety - if in wood or brick house- do what
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• Seek Shelter – Place as many walls between yourself and the storm as possible.
• Stay Away from Windows |
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storm safety - in a car- do what
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Drive away if possible (Avoid
Overpasses) |
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storm safety - outside- do what
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Lie face down in a ditch if
safe. |
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why avoid overpasses
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wind tunnel
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