Metabolism Uric Acid

Front 1

1. Pyrimidine synthesis is base first or sugar
2. in purine synthesis?
3. generic substrate of ribonucleotide reductase?

Back 1

1. Base first then the sugar is added
2. Sugar then teh base is formed
3. Nucleoside diphosphates

Front 2

1. molecule that provides a single carbon in synthesis pathways?
2. What is the branching molecule to form either AMP or GTP?

Back 2

1. CO2
2. IMP - inosine

Front 3

1. AA. that is the N bank of the synthesis?
2. enzyme: Ribose 5 phosphate -> PRPP?
3. tumor drug that blocks dihydrofolate reductase

Back 3

1. Glutamine
2. PRPP synthetase -> adds a phosphate
3. methotrexate; tumors are folate addicts

Front 4

1. drug that inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase?
2. what does it prevnet the formation of
3. what is the drug used for

Back 4

1. Mycophencolic acid
2. Xanthosine monophosphate which beocmes GMP
3. prevent graft rejection

Front 5

1. diff between a nucleoside and a nucleotide
2. dif between a free base and a nucleotide
3. thing w/ yellow, needle like crystals in polarized light and painful joints due to crystal depo?

Back 5

1. a nucleotide is a free base + a sugar + a phosphate; nucleoside has lost a phosphate group
2. nucleotide = free base + phospho ribosyl group
3. gout - uric acid crystals

Front 6

Adenine, inosine, hypoxanthine, adenosine, guanosine, guanine
1. which are free bases
2. which are nucleosides

Back 6

1. Adenine, hypoxanthine, guanine
2.inosine, adenosine, guanosine (have an S)

Front 7

1. syndrome w/ excessive production of uric acid + neurologic feature like self mutilation & invol movements
2. Enzyme deficiency?
3. inheritance?

Back 7

1. Lesch Nyhan
2. Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase
3. X-linked recessive -> leads to increased de novo purine synthesis

Front 8

1. synd. w/ T & B cell dysfxn; children usu die b4 age of 2 w/ overwhelming infection
2. enzyme absent?
3. Rx for gout? what does it inhibit

Back 8

1. SCID mb SCID ADE
2. adenosine deaminase (ade dea)
3. Allopurinol - xanthine oxidase inhibitor; leads to accumulation of xanthine and hypoxanthine which are more soluble

Front 9

1. does rx of lesch nyhan synd w/ allopurinol help
2. gene defect in immunodeficiency disease
3. what acumlates in 2?
4. what does this result in?

Back 9

1. with gout yes w/ mental issues no
2. purine nucleoside phosphorylase
3. purine nucleosides
4. partial loss of immune system no T cells but B cells are present

Front 10

1. aa that makes up 4/6 of pyramidine ring?
2. unique aa that makes up a purine ring?

Back 10

1. aspartate
2. glycine

Front 11

Differentiate CPS 1 (CPS 2) in the following:
1. Cellular location
2. pathway involved
3. source of nitrogen
4. Regulators - CPS 2 has 2

Back 11

1. Mitochondria (cytosol)
2. urea cycle (pyrimidine synthesis)
3. Ammonia (gamma amide group of glutamine)
4. N-acety-glutamate activates (Inhib: UTP & ATP activator) - purine feedback activates; pyrimidine is -

Front 12

1. gene defect in hereditary orotic aciduria
2. clinical sx of 1?
3. what 2 products can UDP become?

Back 12

1. UMP synthase ( made of orotate phosphoribosyl transferase and OMP decarboxylase domains)
2. growth retardation
3. CTP or TMP

Front 13

Uracil, thymine, uridine, thymidine, cytosine, cytodine
1. which are free bases
2. which are nucleosides
3. which are changed by deoxyribose 1P

Back 13

1. uracil, thymine, cytosine
2. uridine, thymidine, cytodine
3. Thymine -> thymidine

Front 14

1. drug that blocks thimidylate synthase
2. drug that blcoks dihydrofolate reductase

Back 14

1. 5-fluorouracil
2. methotrexate