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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system
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GABA
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most commonly used antianxiety agents - promote the activity of GABA
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benzodiazepines
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diazepam (Valium), clonazepam (Klonopin), alprazolam (Xanax)
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benzodiazepines
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reduces anxiety; non-benzo; no sedative-hypnotic properties
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buspirone (BuSpar)
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transmission deficiency of one or both: norepinephrine and serotonin
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depression
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fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), paroxetine (Paxil), citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro)
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SSRI
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antidepressants; parnate, EMSAM
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MAOIs
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What to avoid when taking MAOIs
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tyramine in diet: aged cheese, wine, pickled or smoked fish
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MAOIs contraindicated with concurrent use of:
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antidepressants and sympathomimetic drugs
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effective antidepressant (Wellbutrin) and for smoking cessation (Zyban)
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bupropion
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Valproate (Depakote, Depakene), carbamazepine, lamotrigine
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Anticonvulsant - bipolar
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for rapid cycling - Bipolar d/o
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valproate (Depakote, Depakene)
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preventing mania; or for acute manic episode; anticholinergic side effects
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carbamazepine (Tegretol)
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mantenance for bipolar d/o; NOT for acute mania; rash:EMERGENCY!
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lamotrigine (Lamictal)
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Extrapyramidal side effects: parkinsonism, akinesia, akathisia, dskinesia, tardive dyskinesia from?
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Typical antipsychotics
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not much EPS but metabolic syndrome; clozapine and olanzapine highest risk; aripiprazole and ziprasidone lowest risk
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Atypical antypsychotics
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main atypical antipsychotic; potential for agranulocytosis; potential for inducing convulsions
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Clozapine (Clozaril)
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aother atypical; low potential for agranulocytosis or convulsions; BUT highest risk for EPS
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Risperidone (Risperdal)
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drugs for ADHD
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PSYCHOSTIMULANTS: methylphenidate (Ritalin); dextroamphetamine (Adderall); NRI: Strattera
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drugs for Alzheimer's
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acetylcholinesterase: tacrine (Cognex), donezepil (Aricept), galantamine (Reminyl), Exelon; NMDA memantine (Namenda)
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first line of treatment for acute stress d/o and PTSD
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SSRI (Celexa, Lexapro, Prozac, Luvox, Paxil, Zoloft)
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recommended first line tx for most depression
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SSRI (Celexa, Lexapro, Prozac, Luvox, Paxil, Zoloft)
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abdominal pain, diarrhea, sweating, fever, tachy, elevated BP, delirium, muscle spasms...
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serotonin syndrome - too much SSRI - or combo with MAOIs (Depression)
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dry mouth, blurred vision, tachy, constipation**, URINARY **RETENTION, esoph reflux
**medical emergency, btw |
anticholinergic actions - more severe in patients taking antidepressants
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phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate)
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MAOIs
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may begin with headaches, stiff or sore neck, palpitations, increase* or decrease in HR, n/v, increase in temp
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hypertensive crisis - when taking MAOIs
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acute DEPRESSIVE episode
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lithium, lamotrigine (Lamictal)
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Lithane, Eskalith, Lithonate
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Lithium
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hypothyroidism & kidney impairment - long term risks while taking this bipolar med.
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Lithium
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Anticonvultant tx for bipolar d/o: to treat people in acute mania, rapid cyclers, prevent future manic episode
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Valproate (Depakote, Depakene) - Anticonvulsant tx for bipolar d/o
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anticonvulsant: first line tx for bipolar DEPRESSION; for acute depressive episode and maintenance therapy; RASH = EMERGENCY
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Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
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antianxiety (benzodiazepines) usueful in treatment of acute mania
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Klonopin, Ativan
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atypical antipsychotic; may produce agranulocytosis
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Clozapine
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Clozapine, Risperdal, Abilify, Zyprexa
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atypical antipsychotic
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acute sustained contraction of muscles usually of the head and neck
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acute dystonia
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psychomotor restlessness - pacing, fidgeting
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akathisia
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med-induced: tremors, reduced accessory movement, impaired gait, stiffening of muscles
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pseudoparkinsonism
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Alzheimer medication no longer marketed for use with dementia due to high freq of side effects --> hepatotoxicity
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tacrine (Cognex)
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drug of choice - Alzheimer's
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donepezil (Aricept)
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stimulants + antidepressants for?
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ADHD -Stimulants: Ritalin, Adderall, Focalin, Cylert
Antidepressants: Aventyl, Wellbutrin, Prozac |
