Meninges & Cerebralspinal Fluid Circulation

Front 1

cerebral spinal fluid produced by

Back 1

choroid plexus of the four ventricles.

Front 2

CSF function

Back 2

1) structural support
2) cushioning to the brain and spinal cord.

Front 3

Leptomeninges is composed of the:

Back 3

1. Pia mater
2. Arachnoid

Front 4

MENINGEAL SPACES

Back 4

A.Epidural Space
1.Cranium - potential space
2.Spinal cord - real space

B. Subdural space

Front 5

Cisterns

Back 5

“Large” areas in the subarachnoid space

Front 6

WHAT ARE THE THREE (3) MAJOR TYPES OF INTRACRANINAL BLEEDING?

Back 6

1.Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
2.Subdural Hemorrhage
3.Extradural (Epidural) Hemorrhage

Front 7

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Back 7

-Common in trauma patients. Unconscious > 1 hr.
-Often caused by ruptured arterial aneurysm at base of brain.
-Sudden onset, severe headache, stiff neck.
-Signs of meningeal irritation.

Front 8

Subdural Hemorrhage

Back 8

-Minor to severe head trauma.
-Usually subdural veins rupture.
Fast or slow?
-Can cross suture lines.
-Common in alcoholics

Front 9

Extradural (Epidural) Hemorrhage

Back 9

-Usually follows traumatic rupture of middle meningeal artery or vein.
-Fracture of squamous temporal bone results in cut vessel.
-Can cross midline but not suture lines.

Front 10

WHAT HAPPENS WITH A BUILD UP OF CSF?

Back 10

Hydrocephalus

Front 11

Hydrocephalus - 2 causes

Back 11

1. OBSTRUCTIVE HYDROCEPHALUS
2. COMMUNICATING HYDROCEPHALUS

Front 12

OBSTRUCTIVE HYDROCEPHALUS

Back 12

Blockage in system or around the brain.

Front 13

OBSTRUCTIVE HYDROCEPHALUS: Possible causes?

Back 13

Tumors, hemorrhage, infections, and
genetic

Front 14

Where are the INSIDE “choke points”? OUTSIDE “choke points”?

Back 14

??

Front 15

COMMUNICATING HYDROCEPHALUS: Causes

Back 15

A. Over production of CSF.
B. Impaired absorption by arachnoid villi.
C. Venus insufficiency.

Front 16

Could blood in CSF affect the villi? Meningitis?

Back 16

??

Front 17

Dura mater components

Back 17

1. Periosteal layer
2. Meningeal layer
3. Sinuses

Front 18

Meningeal layer components

Back 18

a. Falx cerebri and cerebelli
b. Tentorium cerebelli
c. Diaphragma sellae

Front 19

Cerebrospinal fluid flow

Back 19

Choroid plexus of lateral ventricles to
Interventricular foramen (of Monro) to
3rd ventricle to
Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) to
4th Ventricle to
Median and lateral apertures (Foramina of Magendie and Luschka) out

Front 20

3 Anterior aspect subarachnoid cisterns

Back 20

1. Chiasmatic
2. Interpeduncular
3. Pontine

Front 21

2 Posterior aspect subarachnoid cisterns

Back 21

1. Superior
2. Cerebellomedullary (Magna)

Front 22

1 lateral aspect subarachnoid cistern

Back 22

lateral cistern - In the area of the lateral sulcus

Front 23

1 Spinal area subarachnoid cistern

Back 23

lumbar cistern

Front 24

Where is a lumbar puncture performed

Back 24

lumbar cistern

Front 25

HOW CAN INFECTIONS IN THE
CRANIAL SINUSES, CRANIAL BONES, FETAL MONITORING, AND BRAIN SURGERY LEAD TO CSF PROBLEMS ?

Back 25

Emissary veins