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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Surface Mucous Cells (Stomach) |
Secrete insoluble alkaline mucous to protect stomach |
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Parietal Cells (Stomach) |
Secrete HCl (antimicrobial) and intrinsic factor |
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Mucous Neck Cells (Stomach) |
Secrete soluble acid mucous at meal times |
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Chief Cells (Stomach) |
Secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase |
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Gastrin Cells (Stomach) |
Gastrin enters blood stream as hormone, stimulates secretion of acid and pepsinogen, increases muscle contractions, relaxes pyloric sphincter |
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Five Cells of Stomach Mucosa |
Surface mucous cells, parietal cells, mucous neck cells, chief cells, gastrin cells |
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Four Regions of Stomach |
Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus |
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Four Tunics of the Gut Tube |
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa |
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Mucosa Consists of |
Epithelium, lamina propria, lymphocytes, muscularis mucosae (circular, longitudinal) |
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Submucosa Consists of |
Loose connective tissue, blood vessels, submucosal nerve plexus |
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Muscularis Externa Consists of |
Inner circular muscles, outer longitudinal muscles, myenteric nerve plexus |
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Serosa Consists of |
Bed of connective tissue, outer mesothelium |
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Five Tooth Layers |
Enamel, dentine, pulp, cementum, peridontal ligament |
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Three Tongue Muscle Types |
Longitudinal, vertical, transverse |
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Fungiforms |
Have taste buds |
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Filiforms |
Rough for cleaning and moving food |
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Circumvalate |
Big papilli with large amounts of taste buds on them |
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Submandibular |
Salivary gland secreting mucous and serous fluid |
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Parotid |
Salivary gland secreting serous fluid |
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Sublingual |
Salivary gland secreting mucous |
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Adventitia |
Fibrous layer for organs which do not have a serosa e.g. oesophagus |
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Hepatocytes |
Liver cells; glycogen storage, recycling of red blood cells, bile synthesis etc. |
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Liver Sinusoid |
Blood vessel with fenestrated endothelial cell which acts as filter, allowing through lymph not RBCs |
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Liver Lobules |
Plates of hepatocytes stacked together in hexagonal shape |
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Hepatic Triad to Lobule |
Branches of hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein, and tributary of bile duct |
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Bile Duct |
Flows to gall bladder
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Bile Canaliculus |
Bile leaves hepatocytes through these |
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Acini (sng. Acinus) |
"Leaves" of pancreas, contain secretory cells, lead into intercalacted duct |
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Intercalacted Ducts |
"Twig" of pancreas, lead to interlobar ducts |
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Interlobar Ducts |
"Small branches", lead to main pancreatic duct |
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Main Pancreatic Duct |
Releases pancreatic juice into duodenum |
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Three Small Intestine Regions |
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
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Plicae |
Circular folds, covered with mucous, core of submucosa |
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Villi |
Covering is epithelium, core is lamina propia |
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Microvilli |
Form "brush border" on individual absorptive cells |
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Columnar Absorptive Cells (Small Intestine) |
Absorb the small molecules resulting from digestion |
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Goblet Cells (S.I.) |
Secrete mucous |
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Enteroendocrine Cells (S.I) |
Secrete the hormone secretin into capillaries and lamina propria |
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Paneth Cells (S.I) |
Secrete bactericidal enzyme lysozyme and are phagocytic |
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Ileocecal Valve |
Controls intermittent flow of chyme from ileum to cecum |
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Large Intestine Has No Villi but has |
Many intestinal glands/crypts |
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Large Bacterial Content |
Colon |
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Haustra |
Sac like pockets of intestinal tube |
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Mucosa of Colon |
Columnar absorptive cells, goblet cells, white blood cells |
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Rugae |
Longitudinal folds of the stomach (gastric folds) |
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Colon Regions |
Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid |
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Lacteal |
Lymph vessel within each villus |
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Enterocytes |
Columnar absorptive cells |
