Medical Terminology Module 2

Front 1

A sagittal plane is any plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions.

Back 1

False

Front 2

The surgical removal of the larynx is known as a/an _____.

Back 2

laryngectomy

Front 3

The ____ system supports and shapes the body.

Back 3

skeletal

Front 4

Which term means toward the side?

Back 4

lateral

Front 5

Which type of tissue is fat (adipose tissue)?

Back 5

connective

Front 6

Genetic mutation describes changes that take place within genes.

Back 6

True

Front 7

Abnormal hardening of a gland is known as _____.

Back 7

adenosclerosis

Front 8

Which of these structures is not found in the nucleus of a cell?

Back 8

Cytoplasm

Front 9

Which combining form means testicles?

Back 9

orchid/o

Front 10

Visceral means relating to the internal organs.

Back 10

True

Front 11

The tissue that provides protective padding, insulation, and support and is a nutrient reserve is known as _____ tissue.

Back 11

adipose

Front 12

Which of the following is a congenital disorder?

cerebral palsy

cystic fibrosis

Down syndrome

Back 12

cerebral palsy

Front 13

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is found only in gametes.

Back 13

False

Front 14

The combining form cyt/o means cold.

Back 14

False

Front 15

The term meaning to maintain a constant internal environment is _____.

Back 15

homeostasis

Front 16

Which body cavity protects the spinal column?

Back 16

Dorsal

Front 17

Lumbar refers to the inward curve of the spine.

Back 17

True

Front 18

Caudal means toward the lower part of the body.

Back 18

True

Front 19

The visual examination of the interior of the abdomen is known as _____.

Back 19

laparoscopy

Front 20

Hormones are secreted by ____ glands.

Back 20

endocrine

Front 21

Which hereditary disorder causes the irreversible and progressive loss of muscle control and mental ability?

Back 21

Huntington's disease

Front 22

Stem cells are cells with the ability to divide without limit and to give rise to specialized cells.

Back 22

True

Front 23

Anatomy means any deviation from what is regarded as normal.

Back 23

False

Front 24

Inflammation of the brain is known as _____. (encephal/o means brain.)

Back 24

encephalitis

Front 25

The ____ system filters blood to remove waste.

Back 25

urinary

Front 26

Which term means the study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues?

Back 26

histology

Front 27

The opposite of anterior is ____.

Back 27

posterior

Front 28

Chromosomes are organized as long coiled molecules of deoxyribonucleic acid.

Back 28

True

Front 29

The body cavity containing the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems is known as the _____ cavity.

Back 29

Pelvic

Front 30

The functional units of heredity are known as _____.

Back 30

Genes

Front 31

Which disease is spread by bloodborne transmission?

Back 31

hepatitis B

Front 32

Which type of tissue forms the lining of the internal organs?

Back 32

endothelium

Front 33

anaplasia

Back 33

A change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other

Front 34

aplasia

Back 34

Lack of development of an organ or tissue

Front 35

dysplasia

Back 35

Abnormal development or growth, especially of cells

Front 36

hyperplasia

Back 36

Abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement

Front 37

hypoplasia

Back 37

Incomplete development of an organ or tissue

Front 38

Which type of tissue has the specialized ability to contract and relax?

Back 38

muscle tissue

Front 39

Sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait are two names for the same disease.

Back 39

False

Front 40

Glands that secrete hormones into ducts are known as _____ glands.

Back 40

exocrine

Front 41

The term meaning an inflammation of the peritoneum is _____.

Back 41

peritonitis

Front 42

Which term refers to the upper region that includes the stomach and heart?

Back 42

epigastric

Front 43

abdominal cavity

Back 43

Protects the major organs of digestion

Front 44

cranial cavity

Back 44

Protects the brain

Front 45

pelvic cavity

Back 45

Protects reproductive and excretory system organs

Front 46

spinal cavity

Back 46

Protects the spinal cord

Front 47

thoracic cavity

Back 47

Protects the heart and the lungs

Front 48

Cephalic means toward the feet.

Back 48

False

Front 49

A postmortem (after death) examination is known as a/an _____.

Back 49

autopsy

Front 50

The term the study of tissues is _____.

Back 50

histology

Front 51

Any deviation from normal that is present at birth is known as a congenital _____.

Back 51

anomaly

Front 52

Which type of disease is caused by a pathogenic organism?

Back 52

infectious

Front 53

Phenylketonuria is a congential disorder in which an essential enzyme is missing.

Back 53

False

Front 54

Hemophilia is a group of hereditary bleeding disorders.

Back 54

True

Front 55

Ascites is an abnormal accumulation of clear or milky serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity.

Back 55

True

Front 56

An abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in a tissue is known as _____.

Back 56

hyperplasia

Front 57

Which term means the ongoing presence of a disease within a population, group, or area?

Back 57

endemic

Front 58

communicable

Back 58

Any disease transmitted from one person to another

Front 59

functional

Back 59

A disorder with no detectable physical changes to explain the symptoms

Front 60

idiopathic

Back 60

An illness without known cause

Front 61

infectious

Back 61

An illness caused by a pathogenic organism

Front 62

organic

Back 62

A disorder with pathological physical changes that explain the symptoms

Front 63

The term retroperitoneal means located within the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity.

Back 63

False

Front 64

The study of the role of genes in health and disease is known as _____.

Back 64

genetics

Front 65

The combining form hepat/o means _____.

Back 65

liver

Front 66

Which condition is a benign tumor formed from glandular tissue?

Back 66

adenoma

Front 67

Which is characteristic of the anatomic position?

Back 67

standing up so the body is erect

Front 68

Somatic cell mutation cannot be transmitted to the offspring.

Back 68

true

Front 69

A specialist in disorders of the skin is a/an _____. (dermat/o means skin.)

Back 69

dermatologist

Front 70

Which term means toward the lower part of the body?

Back 70

caudal

Front 71

Which is the correct spelling of the term that means maintaining a constant internal environment?

Back 71

homeostasis

Front 72

Iliac refers to the hipbone.

Back 72

true

Front 73

adenitis

Back 73

Inflammation of a gland

Front 74

adenoma

Back 74

A benign tumor from recognizable glandular structures

Front 75

adenomalacia

Back 75

Abnormal softening of a gland

Front 76

adenosclerosis

Back 76

Abnormal hardening of a gland

Front 77

adenosis

Back 77

Any disease condition of a gland

Front 78

Adenomalacia is the abnormal hardening of a gland.

Back 78

False

Front 79

Ventral refers to the front or belly side of the body or organ.

Back 79

True

Front 80

The combining form pancreat/o means _____.

Back 80

Pancreas

Front 81

Which term means the study of the structures of the body?

Back 81

anatomy

Front 82

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder of the endocrine glands.

Back 82

false

Front 83

The sex cells (sperm and ovum) are also known as gametes.

Back 83

true

Front 84

The genetic disorder characterized by varying degrees of mental retardation is known as _____ syndrome.

Back 84

down

Front 85

Which term means the study of the outbreak of disease within a population group?

Back 85

epidemiology

Front 86

Which condition is abnormal development or growth, especially of cells?

Back 86

dysplasia

Front 87

Which condition is a hospital-acquired infection?

Back 87

nosocomial

Front 88

The mesentery is a layer of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity.

Back 88

True

Front 89

The surgical removal of a gland is known as a/an ______.

Back 89

adenectomy

Front 90

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions?

Back 90

coronal plane

Front 91

mesentery

Back 91

Layer of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity

Front 92

parietal peritoneum

Back 92

Outer layer of membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

Front 93

peritoneum

Back 93

Membrane that protects and supports organs in the abdominal cavity

Front 94

retroperitoneal

Back 94

Located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity

Front 95

visceral peritoneum

Back 95

Inner layer of membrane that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity

Front 96

All cells except the gametes have a nucleus that contains 46 ____ arranged into pairs.

Back 96

chromosomes

Front 97

Opposite of inferior

Back 97

superior

Front 98

Quadrant means divided into five.

Back 98

false

Front 99

Hypochondriac means above the ribs

Back 99

false

Front 100

Pain in the lower right abdominal area is described as being in the right _____ region.

Back 100

iliac