Medical Terminology Exam 4

Front 1

drug (medicine)

Back 1

substance used to prevent or treat a condition or disease; obtained from plants, animals, synthesized (in a laboratory)

Front 2

vitamins

Back 2

drugs that are isolated from plant or animal sources & are contained in foods

Front 3

Hospital Formulatory & Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR)

Back 3

two large reference listings of drugs

Front 4

Types of parenteral administration

Back 4

1-intracavitary injection
2-intradermal injection
3-intramuscular injection
4-intrathecal injection (IM)
5-intravenous injection (IV)
6-subcutaneous injection (SC)

Front 5

analgesics

Back 5

a drug that lessens pain

Front 6

anesthetics

Back 6

an agent that reduces or eliminates sensation

Front 7

antibiotics & antivirals

Back 7

antibiotic is a chemical substance produced by a microorganism that inhibits or kills bacteria, fungi, or parasites & antivirals are used against viruses

Front 8

anticoagulants & antiplatelet

Back 8

anticoagulant prevent clotting of blood & antiplatelet reduce the tendency of platelets to stick together

Front 9

anticonvulsants

Back 9

prevents or reduces the frequency of convulsions in various types of epilepsy

Front 10

antidepressants

Back 10

treat symptoms of depression

Front 11

antidiabetics

Back 11

used to treat diabetes

Front 12

antihistamine

Back 12

drug that block the action of histamine which is normally released in the body in allergic reactions

Front 13

antiosteoporosis

Back 13

osteroporosis is a disorder marked by abnormal loss of bone density, help prevent bone loss and some increase bone formation

Front 14

cardiovascular drugs

Back 14

act on the heart or the blood vessels to treat hypertension, angina, heart attack, congestive heart failure, and arrhythmias

Front 15

endocrine

Back 15

drugs act in much the same ways as the naturally occurring hormones

Front 16

gastrointestinal

Back 16

often used to relieve uncomfortable and potentially dangerous symptoms, rather than as cures for specific diseases

Front 17

respiratory

Back 17

treat asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and bronchospasm

Front 18

sedatives & hypnotics

Back 18

medications that depress the CNS and promote drowsiness and sleep

Front 19

stimulants

Back 19

act on the brain to speed up vital processes (heart and respiration) in cases of shock and collapse

Front 20

tranquilizer

Back 20

drugs are useful for controlling anxiety

Front 21

addiction

Back 21

physical and psychological dependence on and craving for a drug

Front 22

additive action

Back 22

drug action in which the combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each

Front 23

brand name

Back 23

commercial name for drug; trademark

Front 24

chemical name

Back 24

chemical formula for a drug

Front 25

contraindications

Back 25

factors in the patient's condition that prevent the use of a particular drug or treatment

Front 26

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Back 26

governmental agency having the legal responsibility for enforcing proper drug manufacture and clinical use

Front 27

generic name

Back 27

legal noncommercial name for a drug

Front 28

iatrogenic

Back 28

condition caused by treatment (drugs or procedures) given by medical personnel

Front 29

idiosyncrasy

Back 29

unexpected effect produced in a particularly sesitive individual but not seen in most patients

Front 30

inhalation

Back 30

administration of drugs in gaseous or vapor form through the nose or mouth

Front 31

oral administration

Back 31

drugs given by mouth

Front 32

parenteral administration

Back 32

drugs are given by injection into the skin, muscles or veins (any route other than through the digestive tract)

Front 33

pharmacist

Back 33

prepares and dispenses drugs

Front 34

pharmacy

Back 34

location for preparing and dispensing drugs; also the study of preparing and dispensing drugs

Front 35

pharmacologist

Back 35

specialist in the properties, uses, and actions of drugs

Front 36

pharmacology

Back 36

study of the preparation, properties, uses, and action of drugs

Front 37

Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR)

Back 37

Reference bk that lists drug products

Front 38

rectal administration

Back 38

drugs are inserted through the anus into the rectum

Front 39

side effect

Back 39

toxic effect that routinely results from the use of a drug

Front 40

sublingual administration

Back 40

drugs are given by placement under the tongue

Front 41

synergism

Back 41

combination of two drugs causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug alone

Front 42

tolerance

Back 42

larger and larger drug doses must be given to acheive the desired effect; the patient becomes resistant to the action of a drug as treatment progresses

Front 43

topical application

Back 43

drugs are applied locally on the skin or mucous membranes of the body; ointments, creams, and lotions are applied topically

Front 44

toxicity

Back 44

harmful effects of a drug

Front 45

vitamin

Back 45

substance found in foods and essential in small quantities for growth and good health

Front 46

analgesic

Back 46

relieves pain

Front 47

anesthetic

Back 47

reduces or eliminates sensation; general and local

Front 48

antibiotic

Back 48

chemical substance produced by a plant or microorganism, that has the ability to inhibit or kill foreign organisms in the body

Front 49

anticoagulant

Back 49

prevents blood clotting

Front 50

anticonvulsant

Back 50

prevents convulsions (abnormal brain activity)

Front 51

antidepressant

Back 51

relieves symptoms of depression

Front 52

antidiabetic

Back 52

drug given to prevent or alleviate diabetes mellitus

Front 53

antihistamine

Back 53

blocks the action of histamine and helps prevent symptoms of allergy

Front 54

antiplatelet

Back 54

reduces the tendency of platelets to stick together

Front 55

antiviral

Back 55

acts against viruses such as the herpes virus and HIV

Front 56

cardiovascular

Back 56

acts on the heart and blood vessels, includes ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, cholesterol-lowering drugs & diuretics

Front 57

endocrine

Back 57

a hormone or hormone-like drug

Front 58

gastrointestinal

Back 58

relieves symptoms of diseases in the gastrointestinal tract

Front 59

hypnotic

Back 59

produces sleep

Front 60

respiratory

Back 60

treats asthma, emphysema, and infections of the respiratory system

Front 61

sedative

Back 61

a mildly hypnotic drug that relaxes without necessarily producing sleep

Front 62

stimulant

Back 62

excites and promotes activity

Front 63

tranquilizer

Back 63

controls anxiety and severe disturbances of behavior

Front 64

aer/o

Back 64

air

Front 65

alges/o

Back 65

sensitivity to pain

Front 66

bronch/o

Back 66

bronchial tube

Front 67

chem/o

Back 67

drug

Front 68

cras/o

Back 68

mixture

Front 69

cutane/o

Back 69

skin

Front 70

derm/o

Back 70

skin

Front 71

erg/o

Back 71

work

Front 72

esthes/o

Back 72

feeling, sensation

Front 73

hist/o

Back 73

tissue

Front 74

hypn/o

Back 74

sleep

Front 75

iatr/o

Back 75

treatment

Front 76

lingu/o

Back 76

tongue

Front 77

myc/o

Back 77

mold, fungus

Front 78

narc/o

Back 78

stupor

Front 79

or/o

Back 79

mouth

Front 80

pharmac/o

Back 80

drug

Front 81

prurit/o

Back 81

itching

Front 82

pyret/o

Back 82

fever

Front 83

thec/o

Back 83

sheath (of brain and spinal cord)

Front 84

tox/o

Back 84

poison

Front 85

toxic/o

Back 85

poison

Front 86

vas/o

Back 86

vessel

Front 87

ven/o

Back 87

vein

Front 88

vit/o

Back 88

life

Front 89

ana-

Back 89

upward, excessive, again

Front 90

anti-

Back 90

against

Front 91

contra-

Back 91

against, opposite

Front 92

par-

Back 92

other than, apart from

Front 93

syn-

Back 93

together, with

Front 94

a.c.

Back 94

before meals

Front 95

ad lib

Back 95

freely as desired

Front 96

b.i.d.

Back 96

two times a day

Front 97

c

Back 97

with

Front 98

caps

Back 98

capsule

Front 99

FDA

Back 99

Food and Drug Administration

Front 100

gm

Back 100

gram

Front 101

gt, gtt

Back 101

drops

Front 102

h

Back 102

hour

Front 103

IM

Back 103

intramuscular

Front 104

IV

Back 104

intravenous

Front 105

NPO

Back 105

nothing by mouth

Front 106

OS

Back 106

mouth

Front 107

oz.

Back 107

ounce

Front 108

p.c.

Back 108

after meals

Front 109

PDR

Back 109

Physicians' Desk Reference

Front 110

p.o.

Back 110

by mouth

Front 111

p.r.n.

Back 111

when requested

Front 112

pt

Back 112

patient

Front 113

Q (q)

Back 113

every

Front 114

q.d.

Back 114

every day

Front 115

q.h.

Back 115

every hour

Front 116

q.h.s

Back 116

every bedtime

Front 117

q.i.d.

Back 117

four times a day

Front 118

s

Back 118

without

Front 119

s.o.s.

Back 119

if necessary

Front 120

sc, subcut

Back 120

subcutaneous

Front 121

tab

Back 121

tablet

Front 122

t.i.d.

Back 122

three times daily