Medical Terminology Chapter 2 All Terms

Front 1

abdomin/o

Back 1

abdomen

Front 2

adip/o

Back 2

fat

Front 3

anter/o

Back 3

front

Front 4

brachi/o

Back 4

arm

Front 5

cardi/o

Back 5

heart

Front 6

caud/o

Back 6

tail

Front 7

cephal/o

Back 7

head

Front 8

cervic/o

Back 8

neck

Front 9

chondr/o

Back 9

cartilage

Front 10

crani/o

Back 10

skull

Front 11

crin/o

Back 11

to secrete

Front 12

crur/o

Back 12

leg

Front 13

cyt/o

Back 13

cell

Front 14

dermat/o

Back 14

skin

Front 15

dist/o

Back 15

away from

Front 16

dors/o

Back 16

back

Front 17

enter/o

Back 17

small intestine

Front 18

epitheli/o

Back 18

epithelium

Front 19

gastr/o

Back 19

stomach

Front 20

glute/o

Back 20

buttock

Front 21

gynec/o

Back 21

female

Front 22

hemat/o

Back 22

blood

Front 23

hist/o

Back 23

tissue

Front 24

immun/o

Back 24

protection

Front 25

infer/o

Back 25

below

Front 26

inguin/o

Back 26

groin

Front 27

laryng/o

Back 27

larynx

Front 28

later/o

Back 28

side

Front 29

lumb/o

Back 29

loin ( low back)

Front 30

lymph/o

Back 30

lymph

Front 31

medi/o

Back 31

middle

Front 32

muscul/o

Back 32

muscle

Front 33

nephr/o

Back 33

kidney

Front 34

neur/o

Back 34

nerve

Front 35

ophthalm/o

Back 35

eye

Front 36

orth/o

Back 36

straight, upright

Front 37

ot/o

Back 37

ear

Front 38

pariet/o

Back 38

cavity wall

Front 39

ped/o

Back 39

foot

Front 40

pelv/o

Back 40

pelvis

Front 41

peritone/o

Back 41

peritoneum

Front 42

pleur/o

Back 42

pleura

Front 43

poster/o

Back 43

back

Front 44

proct/o

Back 44

rectum and anus

Front 45

proxim/o

Back 45

near to

Front 46

pub/o

Back 46

genital region

Front 47

pulmon/o

Back 47

lung

Front 48

rhin/o

Back 48

nose

Front 49

spin/o

Back 49

spine

Front 50

super/o

Back 50

above

Front 51

thorac/o

Back 51

chest

Front 52

ur/o

Back 52

urine

Front 53

urin/o

Back 53

urine

Front 54

vascul/o

Back 54

blood vessel

Front 55

ventr/o

Back 55

belly

Front 56

vertebr/o

Back 56

vertebra

Front 57

viscer/o

Back 57

internal organ

Front 58

body organization

Back 58

cells, tissues, organs, systems, body

Front 59

cell

Back 59

fundamental unit of all living things

Front 60

cell components

Back 60

nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane

Front 61

cell membrane

Back 61

outermost boundary of a cell

Front 62

cytoplasm

Back 62

watery internal environment of a cell

Front 63

nucleus

Back 63

contain cell's DNA

Front 64

4 tissues in the body

Back 64

muscular, epithelial, connective, nervous

Front 65

muscle tissue

Back 65

produces movement through contraction

Front 66

3 basic types of muscle

Back 66

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Front 67

Epithelial tissue

Back 67

closed-packed cells that form covering and lining for body structures....absorb substances...secrete substances...excrete wastes

Front 68

Connective tissue

Back 68

support and protective tissue,,,,bone, cartilage, tendons, adipose

Front 69

nervous tissue

Back 69

composed of cells called neurons....brain, spinal cord, and nerves..conduction of electrical impulses to send info between brain and rest of body

Front 70

integumentary system

Back 70

structures: skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands....function: forms protective 2-way barrier and aids in temperature regulation

Front 71

musculoskeletal system

Back 71

structures: bones, joints, muscles...function: skeleton supports and protects the body, forms cells, and stores minerals. muscles produce movement.

Front 72

cardiovascular system

Back 72

structures: heart, arteries, veins...function: pumps blood throughout the entire body to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes

Front 73

blood ( hematic system)

Back 73

structures: plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets...function: transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and controls bleeding

Front 74

lymphatic system

Back 74

structures: lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, thymus gland, tonsils....function: protects body from disease and invasion of pathogens

Front 75

respiratory system

Back 75

structures: nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tunes, lungs....function: obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the body

Front 76

digestive or ( gastrointestinal ) system

Back 76

structures: oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, salivary glands....function: ingests...digests, absorbs nutrients for the body

Front 77

urinary system

Back 77

structures: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra...function: filters waste products out of the blood and removes them from the body

Front 78

female reproductive system

Back 78

structures: ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, breasts...function: produces eggs for reproduction and provides place for growing baby

Front 79

male reproductive system

Back 79

structures: testes, epididymis., vas deferens., penis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland....function: produces sperm for reproduction

Front 80

endocrine system

Back 80

structures: pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes...function: regulates metabolic activities of the body

Front 81

nervous system

Back 81

structures: brain, spinal cord, nerves...function: receives sensory information and coordinates the body's response

Front 82

anatomical position

Back 82

used when describing the positions and relationships of structures in the human body

Front 83

sagittal plane

Back 83

vertical plane runs lengthwise from front to back and divides the body or any of its parts into right and left portions

Front 84

midsagittal or median plane

Back 84

sagittal plane passes through the middle of body dividing it into equal left and right halves

Front 85

frontal or coronal plane

Back 85

divides body into front and back portions...vertical lengthwise plane runs side to side

Front 86

transverse plane or horizontal plane

Back 86

crosswise plane that runs parallel to ground . divides body in upper and lower portions

Front 87

cross section

Back 87

slice perpendicular to the long axis

Front 88

longitudinal section

Back 88

lengthwise slice along the long axis

Front 89

dorsal cavity

Back 89

contains cranial and spinal cavities

Front 90

ventral cavity

Back 90

contains thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Front 91

mediastinum

Back 91

central region between the lungs

Front 92

diaphragm

Back 92

physical wall between thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Front 93

viscera

Back 93

group of internal organs in the ventral cavities

Front 94

pleura

Back 94

2 layer membrane that lines thoracic cavity

Front 95

peritoneum

Back 95

2 layer membrane lining for abdominopelvic cavity

Front 96

parietal layer

Back 96

outer layer that lines cavities

Front 97

visceral layer

Back 97

inner layer that encased the viscera

Front 98

apex

Back 98

tip or summit of an organ

Front 99

base

Back 99

bottom or lower part of organ

Front 100

superficial

Back 100

more toward surface of the body

Front 101

deep

Back 101

further away from surface of the body

Front 102

supine

Back 102

body lying horizontally and facing upward

Front 103

prone

Back 103

body lying horizontally and facing downward

Front 104

Right Upper Quadrant

Back 104

liver ( majority), right kidney, colon, pancreas ( small portion), gallbladder , small intestine

Front 105

Right Lower Quadrant

Back 105

colon, small intestine, right ureter, appendix, right ovary ( female), right fallopian tube ( female)

Front 106

Left Upper Quadrant

Back 106

liver (small portion), spleen, left kidney, stomach, colon, pancreas ( majority) , small intestine

Front 107

Left Lower Quadrant

Back 107

colon, small intestine, left ureter, left ovary ( female), left fallopian tube ( female)