Medical Terminology (Ch2. Definitions)

Front 1

Cell membrane

Back 1

Surrounds and protects the cell as well as regulates what passes in and out of a cell

Front 2

Nucleus

Back 2

Controls the operations of the cell. It directs cell division and determines the structure and function of the cell

Front 3

Chromosomes

Back 3

Rod-like structure within the nucleus

Front 4

Genes

Back 4

Chromosome regions

Front 5

DNA

Back 5

deoxyribonucleic acid

Front 6

Karyotype

Back 6

A photograph of an individuals chromosome, arranged by size, shape, and number

Front 7

Cytoplasm

Back 7

All of the material found outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane

Front 8

Mitochondria

Back 8

Small sausage shaped bodies that provide the principal source of energy for the cell

Front 9

Catabolism

Back 9

Process whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler and energy is released

Front 10

Endoplasmic reticulum

Back 10

A network of canals within a cell

Front 11

Ribosomes

Back 11

Attached to the endoplasmic reticulum which build long chains of proteins

Front 12

Anabolism

Back 12

Process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids

Front 13

Muscle cell

Back 13

A cell that aids in contracting and relaxing

Front 14

Epithelial cell

Back 14

A cell that provides protection

Front 15

Muscle cell

Back 15

A cell that aids in contracting and relaxing

Front 16

Epithelial cell

Back 16

A cell that provides protection

Front 17

Nerve cell

Back 17

A cell that aid in carrying impulses

Front 18

Muscle cell

Back 18

A cell that aids in contracting and relaxing

Front 19

Epithelial cell

Back 19

A cell that provides protection

Front 20

Nerve cell

Back 20

A cell that aid in carrying impulses

Front 21

Fat cell

Back 21

A cell that contains large, empty spaces for fat storage

Front 22

Muscle cell

Back 22

A cell that aids in contracting and relaxing

Front 23

Epithelial cell

Back 23

A cell that provides protection

Front 24

Nerve cell

Back 24

A cell that aid in carrying impulses

Front 25

Fat cell

Back 25

A cell that contains large, empty spaces for fat storage

Front 26

Histologist

Back 26

One who specializes in the study of tissues

Front 27

Muscle cell

Back 27

A cell that aids in contracting and relaxing

Front 28

Epithelial cell

Back 28

A cell that provides protection

Front 29

Fat cell

Back 29

A cell that contains large, empty spaces for fat storage

Front 30

Differentiation

Back 30

The change in cells as they mature and specialize

Front 31

Epithelial cell

Back 31

A cell that provides protection

Front 32

Differentiation

Back 32

The change in cells as they mature and specialize

Front 33

Epithelial

Back 33

All tissue that covers the outside of the body and lines the inner surface of internal organs

Front 34

Adipose tissue

Back 34

Collection of fat tissue

Front 35

Adipose tissue

Back 35

Collection of fat tissue

Front 36

Cartilage

Back 36

Flexible connective tissue often attached to bones at joints

Front 37

Viscera

Back 37

Internal organs in the main cavities of the body, especially in the abdomen

Front 38

Viscera

Back 38

Internal organs in the main cavities of the body, especially in the abdomen

Front 39

Pharynx

Back 39

Throat

Front 40

Viscera

Back 40

Internal organs in the main cavities of the body, especially in the abdomen

Front 41

Uterus

Back 41

Womb

Front 42

Viscera

Back 42

Internal organs in the main cavities of the body, especially in the abdomen

Front 43

Ureter

Back 43

One of two tubes, each leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder

Front 44

Urethra

Back 44

Tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

Front 45

Larynx

Back 45

Voice box

Front 46

Larynx

Back 46

Voice box

Front 47

Trachea

Back 47

Windpipe

Front 48

Larynx

Back 48

Voice box

Front 49

Trachea

Back 49

Windpipe

Front 50

Uterus

Back 50

Womb

Front 51

Larynx

Back 51

Voice box

Front 52

Trachea

Back 52

Windpipe

Front 53

Uterus

Back 53

Womb

Front 54

Thyroid gland

Back 54

Endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck

Front 55

Larynx

Back 55

Voice box

Front 56

Trachea

Back 56

Windpipe

Front 57

Uterus

Back 57

Womb

Front 58

Thyroid gland

Back 58

Endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck

Front 59

Pituitary gland

Back 59

Endocrine gland at the base of the brain

Front 60

Pleura effusion

Back 60

The pleural cavity filled with fluid when the pleura is inflamed

Front 61

Diaphragmab

Back 61

Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities

Front 62

Abdominalpelvic cavity

Back 62

A body cavity that consists of the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity

Front 63

Right hypochondriac region

Back 63

Right upper region below the cartilage of the ribs that extend over the abdomen

Front 64

Right hypochondriac region

Back 64

Right upper region below the cartilage of the ribs that extend over the abdomen

Front 65

Left hypochondriac region

Back 65

Left upper region below the rib cartilage

Front 66

Epigastric region

Back 66

Región above the stomach

Front 67

Right lumbar region

Back 67

Right middle region near the waist

Front 68

Left lumbar region

Back 68

Left middle region near the waist

Front 69

Umbilical region

Back 69

Region of the navel or umbilicus

Front 70

Right inguinal region

Back 70

Right lower region near the groin, which is the area where the legs join the trunk of the body

Front 71

Hypogastric region

Back 71

Middle lower region below the umbilical region

Front 72

Right upper quadrant (RUQ)

Back 72

Contains the liver (right lobe), gall bladder, part of the pancreas, parts of the small and large intestines

Front 73

Right lower quadrant (RLQ)

Back 73

Contains parts of the small and large intestines, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter

Front 74

Left lower quadrant (LLQ)

Back 74

Contains part of the small and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter

Front 75

Vertebra (plural: vertebrae)

Back 75

Backbone that make up the spinal column

Front 76

Spinal column

Back 76

Series of bones that extend from the neck to the tailbone

Front 77

Spinal cord

Back 77

Nerves surrounded by the spinal column

Front 78

Nervous tissue

Back 78

Found in the spinal cord

Front 79

Disc

Back 79

Pad of cartilage between vertebrae

Front 80

Plane

Back 80

An imaginary flat surface