Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the largest organ in the body?
|
skin
|
|
What constitutes the integumentary system?
|
hair, nails, glands, breasts, and skin.
|
|
what are the functions of the skin?
|
protects against injuries and bacterial invasion, aids in regulation of body temperature, and prevents dehydration.
|
|
what acts as a reservoir for food and water?
|
skin
|
|
what works as a sensory receptor and is responsible for the synthesis of vitamin D when exposed to sunlight?
|
skin
|
|
what are the 2 layers of skin?
|
epidermis and dermis
|
|
what skin layer has no blood or nerve supply?
|
epidermis
|
|
what is the outermost layer of skin called?
|
epidermis
|
|
what is the skin layer epidermis made up of?
|
cells in several strata or sublayers called stratified squamous epithelium.
|
|
what are the most important of the 4 or 5 layers of the epidermis?
|
stratum corneum and the stratum germinativum.
|
|
where are new cells formed for skin?
|
the basal layer in the stratum germinativum
|
|
what is keratin?
|
a waterproof material made of hard protein
|
|
what layer of skin contains keratin?
|
the stratum corneum
|
|
what does the waterproofing characteristic of keratin do for the body ?
|
it prevents body fluids from evaporating and atmospheric moisture from entering the body.
|
|
where is the dermis or corium ?
|
it's the layer of skin laying immediately under the epidermis.
|
|
the dermis is composed of what?
|
capillaries, lymphatics, and nerve endings, hair follicles, sebaceous (oil) glands, and sweat glands.
|
|
where is the subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis located?
|
under the dermis
|
|
what does the subcutaneous tissue contain ?
|
fat or adipose tissue
|
|
what is the function of the subcutaneous tissue?
|
connects the skin to underlying organs
|
|
the visible part of the hair is referred to as the ......
|
hair shaft
|
|
the part of the hair that is embedded in the dermis is called the ......
|
hair root
|
|
the hair follicle is what?
|
the root together with it's coverings
|
|
what is the papilla?
|
a loop of capillareies enclosed in a covering at the bottom of the hair follicle
|
|
what is responsible for the eventual formation of the hair shaft?
|
the cluster of epithelial cells lying over the papilla
|
|
alopecia
|
baldness
|
|
what glands in the skin produce secretions ?
|
sudoriferous (sweat) glands
sebaceous (oil) glands |
|
what are small structures that open as pores on the surface of the skin?
|
sudoriferous glands
|
|
where are sudoriferous glands found ?
|
palms, soles, forehead, and armpits (axillae).
|
|
what are the main functions of the sudoriferous glands?
|
cool the body by evaporation, to excrete waste products through the pores of the skin, and to moisten surface cells.
|
|
what secrets sebum ?
|
sebaceous glands as the cells disintegrate.
|
|
the function of sebum is ?
|
to destroy harmful organisms on the skins surface and thus to prevent infection.
|
|
where are sebaceous glands located?
|
the entire body except on the soles of the feet and the palms of the hands
|
|
what is the lunula?
|
the crescent-shaped white area near the root of the nailbed. this is where new growth occurs
|
|
what is estrogen responsible for?
|
the adipose tissue and increased size of the breasts as they reach full maturity
|
|
what forms the lobules that are present in the breast?
|
the other ovarian hormone, progesterone
|
|
each breast has approximately how many lobes of glandular tissue?
|
20
|
|
what is responsible for the milk production?
|
progesterone
|
|
what are lactiferous ducts?
|
they are what the milk comes through and opens at the tip of the raised nipple
|
|
what is the areola?
|
a circling of slightly darker skin around the nipple
|
|
aden/o/pathy
|
disease of a gland
|
|
adip/oma
|
fat tumor
|
|
lip/oid
|
resembling fat
|
|
steat/oma
|
fat tumor
|
|
onych/o/crypt/osis
|
abnormal condition of a nail that is hidden
|
|
sub/cutane/ous
|
pertaining to under the skin
|
|
dermat/itis
|
inflammation of the skin
|
|
derm/is
|
skin
|
|
hidr/aden/oma
|
a tumor of the sweat gland
|
|
ichthy/osis
|
abnormal condition of dry or scaly skin
|
|
kerat/osis
|
abnormal condition of horny tissue
kerat/ horny tissue, hard, or cornea |
|
lact/ic
|
pertaining to milk
|
|
mamm/o/plasty
|
surgical repair of the breast
|
|
mast/ectomy
|
excision of the breast
|
|
dermat/o/myc/osis
|
abnormal condition of a skin fungus
|
|
onych/o/malacia
|
a softening of the nail
|
|
ungu/al
|
pertaining to the nail
|
|
pil/o/nid/al
|
pertaining to a nest in the hair
|
|
trich/o/pathy
|
disease of the hair
|
|
scler/osis
|
abnormal condition of hardening
|
|
squam/ous
|
pertaining to being scaly
|
|
thel/itis
|
inflammation of the nipple
|
|
xer/o/derma
|
dry skin
|
|
lip/o/cyte
|
faty cell
|
|
scler/o/derma
|
hardening of the skin
|
|
mamm/o/gram
|
record of the breast
|
|
mamm/o/graph
|
instrument for recording the breast
|
|
mamm/o/graphy
|
process of recording the breast
|
|
dermat/o/logist
|
specialist in the study of the skin
|
|
dermat/o/logy
|
study of the skin
|
|
dermat/o/ therapy
|
treatment of the skin
|
|
epi/derm/is
|
above or upon the skin
|
|
hyper/hidr/osis
|
abnormal condition of excessive sweat
|
|
hypo/derm/ic
|
pertaining to under or below the skin
|
|
cub/cutane/ous
|
pertaining to under or below the skin
|
|
what are lesions?
|
areas of pathologically altered tissue
|
|
what forms over sores or wounds ?
|
scabs (crustations)
|
|
what is excoriation?
|
a skin lesion that happens when trauma, chemacles, or burns cause a superficial loss of tissue
|
|
abrasion ?
|
a scraping or rubbing away of the epidermal tissue
|
|
what's a contusion ?
|
a bruise
|
|
what is a laceration
|
a tearing of body tissue
|
|
what does a macule look like and give one example
|
flat, discolored, curcumscribed lesion of any size.
freckle, flat mole, hyperpigmentation |
|
describe a papule and give an example
|
solid elivated lesion, <1cm in diameter
nevus, warts, pimples |
|
give the characteristics and an example of a nodule
|
a palpable circumscribes lesion, larger than a papule, 1-2cm in diameter
Benign or malignant tumor |
|
what are the characteristics and give an example of a wheal
|
Dome-shaped or flat-topped elevated lesion, slightly reddened and often changing in size and shape, usually accompanied by intense itching.
Hives |
|
what are the characteristics and give an example of the vesicle and bulla
|
elevated lesion that contains fluid, a bulla is a vesicle >0.5 cm
Blister, herpes zoster, second-degree burn |
|
give the characteristics and an example of a pustule
|
elevated lesion containing pus that may be sterile or contaminated with bacteria; small abscesses of the skin .
Acne, pustular psoriasis |
|
give the characteristics and an example of a scale
|
excessive dry exfoliation shed from upper layers of skin.
Psoriasis, ichtryosis |
|
give the characteristics and an example of a fissure
|
small cracklike sore or break exposing the dermis; usually red
Athlete's foot, cheilosis |
|
give the characteristics and an example of a ulcer
|
loss of epidermis and dermis within a distinct border
pressure sore, basal cell carcinoma |
|
what is a cicatrix?
|
a scar
|
|
keloid is?
|
excessive scar or enlarged and thickened scar
|
|
what is a first-degree burn?
|
superficial burn limited to the top layers of the eidermis ...
distinguished with erythema and hypperesthesia |
|
erythema is ?
|
a redness of the skin
|
|
hyperesthesia is ?
|
extream sensitivity
|
|
what are 2nd degree burns characterized by?
|
the formation of fluid-filled blisters (vesicles or bullae)
|
|
in most instances a _______________ wil not result in the formation of scar tissue
|
2nd degree burn
|
|
what are 3rd degree burns ?
|
cause complete destruction of the skin tissue and represent the most serious type of burn; it penetrates both the epidermis and the dermis.
|
|
what type of burn usually results in scar formation that can only be altered by a process of skin grafting?
|
3rd degree burns
|
|
dermatoplasty is what ?
|
skin grafting
|
|
abdomin/o/pelv/ic
|
pertaining to the abdomen and pelvis
|
|
acr/o/megaly
|
enlargement of an extremity
|
|
inguin/al
|
pertaining to the groin
|
|
lumb/o/dynia
|
pain in the loin
|
|
omphal/o/cele
|
herniation of the navel
|
|
pelv/i/metry
|
measureing the pelvis
|
|
omphal/o/cele
|
herniation of the navel
|
|
pelv/i/metry
|
measuring the pelvis
|
|
pelv/o/scopy
|
visual examination of the pelvis
|
|
neoplasms are what ?
|
autonomous growths
|
|
what is the most common type of skin cancer?
|
basal cell carcinoma
|
|
what is the most common malignancy of women in the US?
|
breast cancer
|
|
squamous cell carcinoma is what ?
|
a tumor of the epidermis.
|
|
sun exposure is an important contributing factor for what disease?
|
malignant melanoma
|
|
kaposissarcoma
|
aids patients usually have this.
It's an immune disease. a Flesh tumer |