Medical Terminology

Front 1

costo

Back 1

rib

Front 2

cranio

Back 2

skull

Front 3

fascio

Back 3

fascia (a band)

Front 4

femoro

Back 4

femur

Front 5

fibro

Back 5

fiber

Front 6

kypho

Back 6

humpback

Front 7

leio

Back 7

smooth

Front 8

lordo

Back 8

bent

Front 9

lumbo

Back 9

loin lower back

Front 10

myelo

Back 10

bone marrow or spinal cord

Front 11

my/o
myos/o
musculo

Back 11

muscle

Front 12

osteo

Back 12

bone

Front 13

patello

Back 13

knee cap

Front 14

pelvi
pelvo

Back 14

hip bone or pelvic cavity

Front 15

radio

Back 15

radius

Front 16

rhabdo

Back 16

rod shaped or straited

Front 17

sarco

Back 17

flesh

Front 18

scolio

Back 18

twisted

Front 19

ankylo

Back 19

crooked or stiff

Front 20

arthro
articulo

Back 20

joint

Front 21

brachio

Back 21

arm

Front 22

cervico

Back 22

neck

Front 23

chondro

Back 23

cartilidge

Front 24

spondylo
vertebro

Back 24

vertebra

Front 25

sterno

Back 25

sternum

Front 26

teno
tendo
tendino

Back 26

tendon

Front 27

thoraco

Back 27

chest

Front 28

tono

Back 28

tone or tension

Front 29

ulno

Back 29

ulna

Front 30

appendicular skeleton

Back 30

bones of shoulder, pelvis and upper and lower extremeties

Front 31

axial skeleton

Back 31

bones of skull, vertebral column, chest, and hyoid bone (u shaped bone at the base of the tongue)

Front 32

bone

Back 32

specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes forming the skeleton

Front 33

compact bone

Back 33

tightly solid, strong bone tissue resistant to bending

Front 34

spongy bone

Back 34

mesh-like bone tissue containing marrow and fine branching canals through which blood vessels run

Front 35

long bones

Back 35

bones of arms and legs

Front 36

short bones

Back 36

bones of wrists and ankles

Front 37

flat bones

Back 37

bones of ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis and skull

Front 38

irregular bones

Back 38

bones of vertebrae and face

Front 39

sesamoid bones

Back 39

round bones found near joints

Front 40

epiphysis

Back 40

wide ends of a long bone

Front 41

diaphysis

Back 41

shaft of a long bone

Front 42

metaphysis

Back 42

growth zone between epiphysis and diaphysis during development of a long bone

Front 43

endosteum

Back 43

membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone

Front 44

medullary cavity

Back 44

cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow

Front 45

bone marrow
red bone
yellow

Back 45

soft connective tissue
red blood cells
fat tissue

Front 46

periosteum

Back 46

a fibrous vascular membrane that covers the bone

Front 47

articular cartilage

Back 47

a gristle like substance found on bones where they articulate

Front 48

articulation

Back 48

a joint the point where two bones come together

Front 49

bursa

Back 49

a fibrous sac between certain tendons and bones that is lined with a synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid

Front 50

disk

Back 50

a flat platelike structure composed of fibrocartilaginous tissue found between the vertebrae to reduce friction

Front 51

nucleaus pulposus

Back 51

the soft fibrocartilaginous central potion of intervertebral disk

Front 52

ligament

Back 52

a flexible band of fibrous tiggue that connects bone to bone

Front 53

synovial membrane

Back 53

membrane lining the capsule of a joint

Front 54

synoivial fliud

Back 54

lubricating fliud secreted by the synovial membrane

Front 55

muscle

Back 55

tissue composed of fibers that can contract causing movement of an organ or part of the body

Front 56

straited muscle

Back 56

coluntary straited muscle attached to the skeleton

Front 57

smooth muscle

Back 57

involuntary muscle found in internal organs

Front 58

cardiac muscle

Back 58

muscle of the heart

Front 59

orgin of a muscle

Back 59

muscle end attached to the bone that does not move when the msucle contracts

Front 60

insertion of a muscle

Back 60

muscle end attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts

Front 61

tendon

Back 61

a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone

Front 62

fascia

Back 62

a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscle

Front 63

coronal plane

Back 63

vertical division of the body into front and back

Front 64

sagittal plane

Back 64

vertical division of the body into right and left potions

Front 65

transverse plane

Back 65

horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions

Front 66

superior (cephalic)

Back 66

situated avoce another structure toward the head

Front 67

inferior (caudal)

Back 67

situated below another structure away from the head

Front 68

proximal

Back 68

toward the beginning or orgin of a structure

Front 69

distal

Back 69

away from the beginning or orgin of a structure

Front 70

medial

Back 70

toward the middle

Front 71

lateral

Back 71

toward the side

Front 72

axis

Back 72

line that runs through the center of the body or a body part

Front 73

erect

Back 73

normal standing position

Front 74

decubitus

Back 74

lying down, especially in bed

Front 75

prone

Back 75

lying face down and flat

Front 76

atrophy

Back 76

shrinking of tissue such as muscle

Front 77

crepitation
crepitus

Back 77

grating sound made by movement of some joints or broken bones

Front 78

exostosis

Back 78

a projection arising from a bone that develops from cartilidge

Front 79

flaccis

Back 79

flabby, relaxed or having defective or absent muscle tone

Front 80

hypertrophy

Back 80

increase in the size of tissue such as muscle

Front 81

hypotonia

Back 81

reduced muscle tone or tension

Front 82

myalgia
myodynia

Back 82

muscle pain

Front 83

ostealgia
osteogynia

Back 83

bone pain

Front 84

rigor or rigidity

Back 84

stiffness or stiff muscle

Front 85

spasm

Back 85

drawing in involuntary contraction of a muscle

Front 86

spastic

Back 86

uncontrolled contractions of skeletal muscle causing stiff and awkward movements resembles spasm

Front 87

tetany

Back 87

tension decreased calcium, continous muscle contraction

Front 88

tremor

Back 88

shaking rhythmic muscular movement

Front 89

ankylosis

Back 89

stiff joint condition

Front 90

bony necrosis

Back 90

dead bone tissue from loss of blood supply such as can occur after a fracture

Front 91

bunion

Back 91

swelling of the joint at the basse of the great toe caused by inflammation of the bursa

Front 92

bursitis

Back 92

inflammation of the bursa

Front 93

chondromalacia

Back 93

softening of the cartilidge

Front 94

epiphysisis

Back 94

inflammtion of the epiphyseal regions of the long bones

Front 95

comminuted fracture

Back 95

broken into many little pieces

Front 96

greenstick fracture

Back 96

bending and incomplete break of a bone most often seen in children

Front 97

myeloma

Back 97

bone marrow tumor

Front 98

myositis

Back 98

inflammation of a muscle

Front 99

myoma

Back 99

muscle tumor

Front 100

leiomyoma

Back 100

smooth muscle tumor

Front 101

leiomyosarcoma

Back 101

maliginant smooth muscle tumor

Front 102

rhabdomyoma

Back 102

skeletal muscle tumor

Front 103

rhabdomyosarcoma

Back 103

malignant skeleteal muscle tumor

Front 104

muscular dystrophy

Back 104

a category of gentically transmitted diseases characterized by progressive atrophy of skeletal muscle

Front 105

osteoma

Back 105

bone tumor

Front 106

osteosarcoma

Back 106

type of malignant bone tumor

Front 107

osteomalacia

Back 107

disease marked by softening of the boen caused by vitimin d and calcium deficiency

Front 108

rickets

Back 108

osteomalacia in children

Front 109

osteomyelitis

Back 109

infection of bne and bone marrow causing inflammation

Front 110

osteoporosis

Back 110

condition of decreased bone density and increased porosity casuing bones to become brittle and liable to fracture

Front 111

kyphosis

Back 111

humpback

Front 112

lordosis

Back 112

swayback

Front 113

scoliosis

Back 113

s shaped curve

Front 114

spondylolisthesis

Back 114

forward slipping of a lumbar vertebra

Front 115

spondylosis

Back 115

stiff immobile condition of ertebrae due to joint degeneration

Front 116

subluxation

Back 116

a partial dislocation

Front 117

anthrocentesis

Back 117

puncture for joint aspiration

Front 118

arthrodesis

Back 118

binding or fusing of joint surfaces

Front 119

arthroplasty

Back 119

repair or reconstruction of a joint

Front 120

arthroscopy

Back 120

procedure using an arthroscope to examine diagnose and repair a joint from within

Front 121

bursectomy

Back 121

excision of a bursa

Front 122

myoplasty

Back 122

repair of a muscle

Front 123

osteoplasy

Back 123

repair of a bone

Front 124

osteotomy

Back 124

an incision into bone

Front 125

spondylosyndesis

Back 125

spinal fusion

Front 126

tenotomy

Back 126

division by incision of a tendon to repair a deformity casued by shorteniing of a muscle