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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Physical and psychological dependence on and craving for a drug
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addiction
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drug action in which the combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each.
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additive action
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particles of drug suspended in air
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aerosol
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exaggerated hypersensitivity reaction to a drug or foreign organism.
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anaphylaxis
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combination of two drugs gives less than an additive effect (action).
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antagonistic action
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agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug.
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antidote
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commercial name for a drug; trademark
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brand name
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chemical formula for a drug
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chemical name
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factors in the patient's condition that prevent the use of a particular drug or treatment.
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contraindications
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Governmental agency having the legal responsibility for enforcing proper dug manufacture and clinical use.
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Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
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legal noncommercial name for a drug.
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generic name
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condition caused by treatment (drugs or procedures) given by medical personnel.
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iatrogenic
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unexpected effect produced in a particularly sensitive individual but not seen in most patients.
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idiosyncrasy
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administration of drugs in gaseous or vapor form through the nose or mouth
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inhalation
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study of new drug synthesis; relationship between chemical structure and biological effects.
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medicinal chemistry
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study of interaction of drugs and sub cellular entities such as DNA, RNA, and enzymes.
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molecular pharmacology
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drugs are given by mouth.
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oral administration
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drugs are given by injection into the skin, muscles, or veins (any route other than through the digestive tract).
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parenteral administration
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one who prepares and dispenses drugs.
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pharmacist
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location fro preparing and dispensing drugs; also the study of preparing and dispensing drugs.
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pharmacy
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study of the effects of a drug within the body
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pharmacodynamics
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calculation of drug concentration in tissues and blood over a period of time.
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pharmacokinetics
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specialist in the properties, uses, and actions of drugs.
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pharmacologist
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study of the preparation, properties, uses, and actions of drugs.
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pharmacology
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Physician's reference book that lists drug products.
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Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR)
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target substance with which a drug interacts in the body.
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receptor
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drugs are inserted through the anus into the rectum.
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rectal administration
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toxic effect that routinely results from the use of a drug.
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side effect
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drugs are given by placement under the tongue.
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sublingual administration
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combination of two drugs causes an effect that is greater that the sum of the individual effects of each drug alone.
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synergism
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instrument (tube) for introducing or withdrawing fluids from the body.
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syringe
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larger and larger drug doses must be given to achieve the desired effect. The patient becomes resistant to the action of a drug as treatment progresses.
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tolerance
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drugs are applied locally on the skin or mucous membranes of the body;
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topical application
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harmful effects of a drug
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toxicity
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study of harmful chemicals and their effects on the body.
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toxicology
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movement of a drug across a cell membrane into body cells.
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transport
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authoritative list of drugs, formulas, and preparations that sets a standard for drug manufacturing and dispensing.
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United States Pharmacopeia (u.S.P.)
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substance found in foods and essential in small quantities for growth and good health.
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vitamin
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lowers blood pressure. Block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
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ACE inhibitor
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central nervous system stimulant
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amphetamine
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used to relieve pain
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analgesic
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male hormone
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androgen
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reduces or eliminates sensation; general and local.
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anesthetic
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lowers blood pressure by preventing angiotensin from acting on receptors in blood vessels.
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angiotensin II receptor antagonist
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neutralizes acid in the stomach
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antacid
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slows the uptake of androgens or interferes with their binding in tissues.
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antiandrogen
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treats abnormal heart rhythms.
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antiarrhythmic
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chemical substance, produced by a plant or microorganism, that has the ability to inhibit or kill foreign organisms in the body.
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antibiotic
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prevents blood clotting
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anticoagulant
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prevents convulsions (abnormal brain activity).
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anticonvulsant
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relieves symptoms of depression
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antidepressant
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drug given to prevent or alleviate diabetes mellitus.
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antidiabetic
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prevents diarrhea.
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antidiarrheal
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prevents nausea and vomiting
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antiemetic
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blocks the action of histamine and helps prevent symptoms of allergy.
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antihistamine
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relieves nausea and vomiting; antiemetic.
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antinauseant
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reduces the tendency of platelets to stick together.
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antiplatelet
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inhibits the secretion of acid by cells of the lining of the stomach.
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antiulcer
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acts against viruses.
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antiviral
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reduces the amount of estrogen in the blood.
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aromatase inhibitor
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kills bacteria
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bactericidal
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inhibits bacterial growth
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bacteriostatic
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blocks the action of epinephrine at sites on receptors of heart muscle cells, the muscle lining of blood vessels, and bronchial tubes; anti arrhythmic, antianginal,and antihypertensive.
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beta-blocker
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prevents bone loss in osteoporosis
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bisphosphonate
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central nervous system stimulant
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caffeine
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blocks the entrance of calcium into heart muscle and muscle lining of blood vessels; (calcium channel blocker)
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calcium antagonist
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acts on the heart and blood vessels. Includes ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, cholesterol-lowering drugs, and diuretics.
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cardiovascular
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relieves constipation.
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cathartic
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increases the production of urine and thus reduces the volume of fluid in the body.
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diuretic
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promotes vomiting
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emetic
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a hormone or hormone-like drug.
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endocrine
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female hormone responsible for secondary sex characteristics.
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estrogen
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relives symptoms of diseases in the gastrointestinal tract.
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gastrointestinal
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hormone from the adrenal cortex that raises blood sugar and reduces inflammation
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glucocorticoid
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produces sleep.
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hypnotic
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weak cathartic
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laxative
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habit-forming drug (potent analgesic_ that relieves pain by producing stupor or insensibility.
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narcotic
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female hormone that affects the lining of the uterus during pregnancy.
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progestin
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a strong cathartic
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purgative
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treats asthma, emphysema, and infections of the respiratory system.
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respiratory drugs......bronchodilators
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a mildly hypnotic drug that relaxes without necessarily producing sleep.
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sedative
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selective estrogen modulator with estrogen-like effect on bones and fat metabolism.
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SERM
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excites and promotes activity.
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stimulants
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stimulates cellular metabolism
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thyroid hormone
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controls anxiety and severe disturbances of behavior.
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tranquilizer
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