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282 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
cata-
|
down
|
|
cartilage
|
flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints
|
|
karyotype
|
Picture of chromosomes in the nucleus, arranged to determine their number and structure
|
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sarc/o
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flesh
|
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pituitary gland
|
endocrine gland at the base of the brain
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Organs in the abdominopelvic LUQ
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liver (left lobe), stomach, spleen, pancreas, intestines
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Organs in the abdominopelvic RUQ
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liver (right lobe), gallbladder, pancreas, intestines
|
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Abdominopelvic quadrants
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right upper, left upper, right lower, left lower
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sacrum
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one bone comprised of the five bones S1-S5 fused together
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retrocele
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protrusion (hernia) of rectum toward vagina through weak vagina wall
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ur/o
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urinary tract;
urine |
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Organs in the abdominopelvic RLQ
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intestines, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter
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neutrophyl
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a granulocyte that is disease-eating
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chondr/o
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cartillage
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thromb/o
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clot;
clotting |
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posterior
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back side of the body
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anterior
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front side of body
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epigastric
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upper middle region above stomach
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tonsill/o
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tonsils
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blephar/o
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eyelid
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lumbar
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middle left and right regions above stomach
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chron/o
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time
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chem/o
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drug;
chemical |
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angi/o
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vessel
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disc
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pad of cartillage between vertebrae
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vertebra -brae
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single back bone -bones
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spinal cord
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Nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
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transverse plane
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horizontal plane that divides the structure or body into upper and lower portions
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-oid
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resembling
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chrom/o
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color
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distal
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far from the attachment to the trunk or the beginning of a structure
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-trophy
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nourishment;
development |
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proximal
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near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure
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lymphocyte
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an agranulocyte that produces antibodies
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medial
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pertaining to the middle or near the medial plane of body
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superior
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above a structure (also cephalic)
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-cele
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hernia
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prone
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lying on the belly
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frontal plane
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vertical plane that divides body or structure into anterior and posterior portions
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inter-
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between
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ana-
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up
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adip/o
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fat
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neutr/o
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neutrophil (white blood cell)
|
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The three types of agranulocytes
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lymphocytes;
monocytes; thrombocytes |
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leukocytosis
|
a slight increase in white blood cells to fight disease
|
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chromosomes
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Rod-shaped structures in nucleus containing genes (46 in every cell except sex cells = 23)
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viscer/o
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internal organs
|
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anter/o
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front
|
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monocyte
|
an agranulocyte that engulfs cellular debris
|
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-stasis
|
stopping;
controlling |
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amni/o
|
amnion
(sac surrounding the embryo) |
|
-ior
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pertaining to
|
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-ism
|
process
|
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trache/o
|
windpipe,
trachea |
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umbilic/o
|
navel,
umbilicus |
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vertebr/o
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vertebrae,
backbones |
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lumb/o
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lower back and side
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sacr/o
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sacrum
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medi/o
|
middle
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abdomin/o
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abdomen
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bol/o
|
to cast or throw
|
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chondroma
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benign tumor
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cervic/o
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neck (of body or uterus)
|
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lateral
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pertaining to the side
|
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sagittal plane
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lengthwise vertical plane that divides the body or structure into left and right sides
|
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supine
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lying on the back
|
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4 organs of the urinary or excretory system
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kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
|
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umbilical
|
central region near navel
|
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deep
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away from the surface of the body
|
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inferior
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below the structure (also called caudal)
|
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superficial
|
on the surface
|
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inguinal
|
lower right and left regions near groin (also called iliac region)
|
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spinal column
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Bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity
|
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hypogastric
|
lower middle region below the umbilical region
|
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6 organs of the respiratory system
|
nose, pharynx, larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchial tubes, lungs
|
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Organs in the abdominopelvic LLQ
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intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter
|
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hypochondriac
|
upper right and left regions beneath ribs
|
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5 divisions of the Spinal Column
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cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
|
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5 organs of the female reproductive system
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ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands
|
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4 organs of the male reproductive system
|
testes and associated tubes, urethra, penis, prostate gland
|
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thyroid gland
|
endocrine gland surrounding the trachea
|
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metabolism
|
Total chemical processes in a cell (catabolism and anabolism)
|
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nucleus
|
Control center of the cell containing chromosomes
|
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mitochondria
|
Structures in cytoplasm in which food is burned to release energy
|
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aden/o
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gland
|
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arthr/o
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joint
|
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carcin/o
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cancerous;
cancer |
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cardi/o
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heart
|
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cephal/o
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head
|
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cis/o
|
to cut
|
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derm/o or dermat/o
|
skin
|
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erythr/o
|
red
|
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gastr/o
|
stomach
|
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gnos/o
|
knowledge
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hepat/o
|
liver
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onc/o
|
tumor
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ophthalm/o
|
eye
|
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ped/o
|
child
|
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-ole or -ule
|
small, little
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ren/o
|
kidney
|
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rhin/o
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nose
|
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sect/o
|
to cut
|
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pulmon/o
|
lungs
|
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-sclerosis
|
hardening
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axill/o
|
armpit
|
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-um or -ium
|
structure;
tissue; thing |
|
-er
|
one who
|
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ot/o
|
ear
|
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-stomy
|
opening - to form a mouth
|
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-coccus
|
berry-shaped bacterium
|
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lapar/o
|
abdomen;
abdominal wall |
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-algia
|
pain
|
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-al
|
pertaining to
|
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isch/o
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to hold back
|
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-ac
|
pertaining to
|
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-therapy
|
treatment
|
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thrombocyte
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an agranulocyte that promotes blood clotting
|
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myel/o
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spinal cord;
bone marrow |
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gon/o
|
seed
|
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acu/o
|
sharp;
severe; sudden |
|
-logy
|
study of
|
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-ectomy
|
excision;
removal |
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col/o
|
colon
(large intestine) |
|
-cyte
|
cell
|
|
agor/a
|
marketplace
|
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-itis
|
inflammation
|
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-genic
|
pertaining to;
producing; produced by; produced in |
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-emia
|
blood condition
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|
-gram
|
record
|
|
-ist
|
specialist
|
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-ion
|
process
|
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-ic or -ical
|
pertaining to
|
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-pathy
|
disease condition
|
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kary/o
|
nucleus
|
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coccyg/o
|
coccyx
|
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crin/o
|
secrete
(to form and give off) |
|
-eal
|
pertaining to
|
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dist/o
|
far,
distant |
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rect/o
|
rectum
|
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cyt/o
|
cell
|
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crani/o
|
skull
|
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-opsy
|
process of viewing
|
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-oma
|
mass;
tumor; swelling |
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path/o
|
disease
|
|
-osis
|
condition
(usually abnormal) (increase in numbers when used with blood) |
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endo-
|
within
|
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hist/o
|
tissue
|
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neur/o
|
nerve
|
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-y
|
process;
condition |
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-scope
|
instrument to visually examine
|
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dors/o
|
dorsal (back portion)
|
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-scopy
|
process of visually examining
|
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iatr/o
|
treatment
|
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-tomy
|
process of cutting;
incision |
|
-sis
|
state of
|
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hemat/o or hem/o
|
blood
|
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inguin/o
|
groin
|
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dia-
|
through;
complete |
|
ili/o
|
ilium (pelvis)
|
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auto-
|
self
|
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a- or an-
|
no;
not; without |
|
meta-
|
change
|
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necr/o
|
death
|
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hyper-
|
excessive;
above; more than normal |
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ex- or exo-
|
out
|
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epi-
|
above;
upon |
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in-
|
into;
in |
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hydr/o
|
water;
fluid |
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later/o
|
side
|
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hypo-
|
deficient;
below; less than normal |
|
enter/o
|
intestines
(usually the small intestine) |
|
omphalocele
|
hernia of the navel occurring at birth
|
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acromealgy
|
an endocrine disorder causing excessive growth hormones after puberty resulting in large extremities
|
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pro-
|
before
|
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peri-
|
surrounding;
around |
|
sub-
|
below;
under |
|
acr/o
|
extremities;
top; extreme point |
|
retro-
|
behind
|
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re-
|
back;
backward; again |
|
electr/o
|
electricity
|
|
cyst/o
|
urinary bladder;
sac; cyst |
|
cyt/o
|
cell
|
|
trans-
|
across;
through |
|
cell membrane
|
Structure surrounding and protecting the cell. It also regulates what goes into/out of cell
|
|
plas/o
|
formation;
development |
|
anabolism
|
Process of building up complex materials (proteins) from single materials
|
|
muc/o
|
mucus
|
|
catabolism
|
Process of breaking down complex materials (foods) to form simple substances and release energy
|
|
cerebr/o
|
cerebrum
(largest part of the brain) |
|
2 organs of the skeletal system
|
bones, joints
|
|
nucle/o
|
nucleus
|
|
-graphy
|
process of recording
|
|
ventr/o
|
belly side of body
|
|
peritoneum
|
membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen
|
|
achondroplasia
|
dwarfism - defect in cartilage and bone
|
|
DNA
|
Chemical in each chromosome aranged like a sequence of recipes in code, directing the activities of the cell
|
|
-iac
|
pertaining to
|
|
bi/o
|
life
|
|
8 organs of the digestive system
|
mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallblader, pancreas
|
|
basophyl
|
a granulocyte present with inflammation
|
|
bronch/o
|
bronchial tubes
|
|
The three types of granulocytes
|
eosinophyls;
basophyls; neutrophyls |
|
ischemia
|
to hold back blood from part of the body resulting from:
clotting; occlusion; injury |
|
cytoplasm
|
Material outside the nucleus and inside cell membrane
|
|
mast/o
|
breast
|
|
pneumon/o
|
lungs
|
|
lymph/o
|
lymph
(clear fluid that bathes tissue spaces-contained in nodes) |
|
genes
|
Regions of DNA within each chromosome
|
|
proxim/o
|
nearest
|
|
-megaly
|
enlargement
|
|
pelv/o
|
hip,
pelvic cavity |
|
peritone/o
|
peritoneum
|
|
endoplasmic reticulum
|
Structure (canals) within the cytoplasm in which large proteins are made
|
|
pharynx
|
throat, passageway for food and air
|
|
adipose tissue
|
collection of fat cells
|
|
granulocyte
|
leukocytes with dark staining granules in their cytoplasm and which are formed in bone marrow
|
|
phag/o
|
to eat;
to swallow |
|
poster/o
|
back, behind
|
|
8 skin and sense organs
|
skin, hair, nails, sweat/oil glands, eye, ear, nose, tongue
|
|
-ptosis
|
drooping;
sagging; prolapse |
|
encephal/o
|
brain
|
|
-ia
|
condition
|
|
epi-
|
above
|
|
larynx
|
voice box at upper part of trachea
|
|
-plasty
|
surgical repair
|
|
aplastic anemia
|
anemia in which the body fails to produce erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
|
|
-centesis
|
puncture to remove fluid
|
|
agranulocyte
|
cells without dark-staining granules in their cytoplasm) produced in lymph nodes and spleen
|
|
histologist
|
a specialist in the study of tissues
|
|
spin/o
|
spine,
backbone |
|
hiatal
|
stomach
(hiatal hernia) |
|
epithelial cell
|
skin cells that cover the external body surface and line the internal surfaces of organs
|
|
hernia
|
protrusion of an organ or organ wall through its cavity
|
|
radi/o
|
x-rays
|
|
omphal/o
|
umbilicus;
navel |
|
leuk/o
|
white
|
|
my/o
|
muscle
|
|
gynec/o
|
woman;
female |
|
thel/o
|
nipple
|
|
-ose
|
pertaining to,
full of |
|
6 abdominopelvic regions
|
hypochondriac (upper left and right below ribs); epigastric; lumbar (right and left at waist); umbilical; inguinal (right and left near groin); hypogastric
|
|
trachea
|
windpipe that leads from the throat to the bronchial tubes
|
|
abdominal cavity
|
space below the chest containing organs like the liver, stomach, gallbladder and intestines
|
|
5 organs of the circulatory system
|
heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nodes, spleen, thymus
|
|
arteri/o
|
artery
|
|
mamm/o
|
breast
|
|
5 body cavities
|
cranial, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, spinal
|
|
urethra
|
tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
|
|
ureter
|
one of two tubes that lead from a kidney to the urinary bladder
|
|
staphyl/o
|
clusters
|
|
-plasm
|
formation
|
|
uterus
|
womb, holding the embryo and fetus
|
|
-malacia
|
softening
|
|
-plasia
|
development;
formation; growth |
|
ather/o
|
fatty material
|
|
-penia
|
deficiency
|
|
-somes
|
bodies
|
|
-type
|
picture,
classification |
|
eosinophyl
|
a granulocyte that is associated with allergies or asthma
|
|
-lysis
|
breakdown;
destruction; separation |
|
cystocele
|
protrusion of urinary bladder through vagina wall due to weak pelvic muscles
|
|
hemoglobin
|
protein in erythrocytes that carries oxygen through the bloodstream
|
|
diaphragm
|
muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
|
|
dorsal
|
pertaining to the back (posterior)
|
|
oste/o
|
bone
|
|
4 organs of the nervous system
|
brain, spinal cord, nerves, collections of nerves
|
|
psych/o
|
mind
|
|
ventral
|
pertaining to the front (anterior)
|
|
laparoscopy
|
visual examination of the abdominal cavity using a laparoscope
|
|
cranial cavity
|
space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by the skull
|
|
viscera
|
internal organs
|
|
nephr/o
|
kidney
|
|
pelvic cavity
|
space below the abdomen containing such organs as intestines, bladder, rectum and reproductive organs
|
|
mediastinum
|
centrally located space between the lungs
|
|
6 organs of the endocrine system
|
thyroid, pituitary, sex, adrenal, pancreas, parathyroid
|
|
thoracic cavity
|
space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus and other organs
|
|
splen/o
|
spleen
|
|
strept/o
|
twisted chains
|
|
spinal cavity
|
space within the spinal column (backbones) and containing the spinal cord
|
|
pleural cavity
|
space between the pleural membranes surrounding each lung
|
|
epithelial
|
type of cell that covers body surfaces and lining organs
|
|
pleura
|
double-layered membrane surrounding each lung
|