Media Ethics And Law Midterm: People

Front 1

James Rest

Back 1

associated with the Defining Issues Test (Ch. 4):
• A pencil and paper instrument used to measure moral development. Research focuses on moral sensitivity, moral judgment, moral motivation and commitment and moral character and implementation.

Front 2

Dr. Ralph Potter

Back 2

associated with The Potter Box (Ch. 2):
• Justification model that lays out moral reasoning.
1. Define the ethical situation
2. Identify Values
3. Inject Moral Philosophy
4. Choose whom one is ultimately loyal.

Front 3

John Rawls

Back 3

associated with the Theory of Justice (Ch. 2):
• Justice as fairness.
• Method of determining the morality of an issue based upon fairness for everyone in the situation.

Front 4

Carol Gilligan

Back 4

associated with the Morality of Care (Ch. 4):
• Exploration of responsibilities that sustain connection in four ways
1. Individuals are defined as connected in relation to others
2. Relationships grounded in response to others on their terms
3. Moral problems are considered issues of relationship or response
4. Morality of action is determined by whether relationships were maintained or restored.

Front 5

Lawrence Kohlberg

Back 5

associated with the Morality of Justice (Ch. 4)
• Exploration of rights that protect separation in four ways
1. Individuals are defined as separate from one another
2. Relationships are grounded in reciprocity
3. Conflicting claims are resolved by invoking rules or standards
4. Morality is determined by whether each party was treated with equity

Front 6

John Stuart Mill

Back 6

, associated with Ethics philosophers (Ch. 3)
• English libertarian philosopher who viewed liberty as the right of mature individuals to think and act as they pleased so long as they harmed no one else in the process
• Credited with developing the most sophisticated theory of utilitarianism

Front 7

John Milton

Back 7

associated with Ethics philosophers (Ch. 3)
• English libertarian poet who wrote the speech “Areopagitica,” which called for an open marketplace of ideas and the self-righting process

Front 8

Robert Hutchins

Back 8

associated with the Hutchins Commission (Ch. 3)
• Chancellor of the University of Chicago in 1940s
• Chairman of the Commission on the Freedom of the Press, created in 1942
• Issued report on mass media in 1947

Front 9

John Locke

Back 9

associated with Ethics philosophers (Ch. 3)
• English libertarian philosopher who articulated the theory that justified revolution against tyranny and gave the British Parliament supremacy over the King
• Highly Influential moral reformer; advocated for Christian ethics, social contract theory, and the natural rights of life, liberty, and property.

Front 10

Niccolo Machiavelli

Back 10

associated with Ethics philosophers (Ch. 3)
• Italian philosopher who advocated strong central government and said, "The ends justify the means." May have grazed at the fringes of philosophy, but the impact of his musings has been widespread and lasting. Best Known for The Prince and Discourses on Livy.

Front 11

W. D. Ross

Back 11

philosopher associated with Prima Facie Duties (Ch. 2)
• Rules or obligations that are deeply rooted and intuitively apparent.
• Rules or obligations that make intuitive sense at first glance or on their face.
• List of seven prima facie obligations:
o Fidelity
o Reparation
o Gratitude
o Non-Maleficence
o Justice
o Beneficence
o Self Improvement