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170 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Arthr/o |
Joint |
|
Burs/o |
Bursa |
|
Carp/o |
Carpus (wrist) |
|
Chondr/o |
Cartilage |
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Clavicul/o |
Clavicle (collar bone) |
|
Coccyg/o |
Coccyx (tailbone) |
|
Cost/o |
Rib |
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Crani/o |
Skull |
|
Femor/o |
Femur (thigh bone) |
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Fibul/o |
Fibula (thinner lower leg bone) |
|
Humer/o |
Humerus (upper arm bone) |
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Ili/o |
Ilium (part of pelvis) |
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Ischi/o |
Ischium (part of pelvis) |
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Kyph/o |
Hump |
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Lord/o |
Bent backwards |
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Mandibul/o |
Mandible (lower jaw) |
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Maxill/o |
Maxilla (upper jaw) |
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Metacarp/o |
Metacarpus (hand bones) |
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Metatars/o |
Metatarsus (foot bones) |
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Cutane/o |
Skin |
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Electr/o |
Electricity |
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Fibr/o |
Fibrous |
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Muscul/o |
Muscle |
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My/o |
Muscle |
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Myel/o |
Bone marrow |
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Oste/o |
Bone |
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Patell/o |
Patella (kneecap) |
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Phalang/o |
Phalanges (fingers and toes) |
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Pub/o |
Pubis (part of pelvis) |
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Radi/o |
Radius (part of forearm) |
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Sacr/o |
Sacrum |
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Scapul/o |
Scapula (shoulder blade) |
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Scoli/o |
Crooked, bent |
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Spondyl/o |
Vertebra |
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Stern/o |
Sternum (breast bone) |
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Tars/o |
Tarsus (ankle) |
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Ten/o |
Tendon |
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Tendin/o |
Tendon |
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Tibi/o |
Tibia (shin, larger lower leg bone) |
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Uln/o |
Ulna (part of forearm) |
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Vertebr/o |
Vertebra |
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Orth/o |
Straight |
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Path/o |
Disease |
|
-ac |
Pertaining to |
|
-al |
Pertaining to |
|
-algia |
Pain |
|
-ar |
Pertaining to |
|
-ary |
Pertaining to |
|
-asthenia |
Weakness |
|
-centesis |
Puncture to withdraw fluid |
|
-clasia |
Surgical breaking |
|
-cyte |
Cell |
|
-desis |
Surgical fusion |
|
-dynia |
Pain |
|
-eal |
Pertaining to |
|
-ectomy |
Surgical removal |
|
-genic |
Producing |
|
-gram |
Record |
|
-graphy |
Process of recording |
|
-ic |
Pertaining to |
|
-itis |
Inflammation |
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-kinesia |
Movement |
|
-malacia |
Abnormal softening |
|
-metry |
Process of measuring |
|
-oma |
Tumor |
|
-osis |
Abnormal condition |
|
-otomy |
Cutting into |
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-ous |
Pertaining to |
|
-pathy |
Disease |
|
-plasty |
Surgical repair |
|
-porosis |
Porous |
|
-rrhaphy |
Suture |
|
-rrhexis |
Rupture |
|
-scope |
Instrument for viewing |
|
-scopy |
Process of visually examining |
|
-tome |
Instrument to cut |
|
-trophy |
Development |
|
A- |
Without |
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Brady- |
Slow |
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Dys- |
Painful, difficult, abnormal |
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Hyper- |
Excessive |
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Inter- |
Between |
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Intra- |
Within |
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Per- |
Through |
|
Sub- |
Under |
|
Supra- |
Above |
|
What are the three types of joints in the body |
Fibrous joint Cartilaginous joint Synovial joint |
|
Describe fibrous joints |
Bones are united by fibrous tissue that allows essentially no movement. Examples are the sutures between the skull bones. |
|
Describe cartilaginous joints |
Bones are connected by cartilage that allows a small amount of shifting. Example is the pubic symphysis. |
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Describe synovial joints |
bones are encased in an elastic joint capsule that allows the greatest range of motion; most common joint type in the body. Examples are the shoulders and knees. |
|
What is a bone graft |
Surgical procedure that uses a piece of bone to replace lost bone or to fuse two bones together |
|
What is a bone graft |
Surgical procedure that uses a piece of bone to replace lost bone or to fuse two bones together |
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What is a bone scan |
Nuclear medicine scan using radioactive dye to visualize bones; especially useful for finding stress fractures and bone cancer |
|
What is carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) |
Repetitive motion disorder caused by pressure on tendons and nerves as they pass through carpal tunnel of wrist |
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What is a closed fracture |
Broken bone with no open skin wound; also called simple fracture |
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What is a comminuted fracture |
Bone break where bone shatters into many small fragments |
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What is a comminuted fracture |
Bone break where bone shatters into many small fragments |
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What is a compound fracture |
Broken bone with open skin wound; also called open fracture |
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What is a compression fracture |
Bone break causing loss of height of vertebral body; may result from trauma, but in older persons, especially women, may occur in a bone weakened by osteoporosis |
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What is a contracture |
Abnormal shortening of muscle fibers, tendons, or connective tissue making it difficult to stretch muscle |
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What is creatine kinase (CK) |
Muscle enzyme found in skeletal and cardiac muscle; elevated blood levels associated with heart attack, muscular dystrophy, and other skeletal muscle pathologies |
|
What are deep tendon reflexes (DTR) |
Involuntary muscle contraction in response to striking muscle tendon with reflex hammer; test used to determine whether muscles respond properly |
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What is dislocation |
Occurs when bones in joint are displaced from normal alignment and ends of bones are no longer in contact with each other |
|
What is dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) |
Test using low-dose x-ray beams to measure bone density; used to diagnose osteoporosis |
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What is fibromyalgia |
Chronic condition with widespread aching and pain in muscles and fibrous soft tissue |
|
What is a fixation |
Procedure to stabilize fractured bone while it heals; external fixation includes casts, splints, and pins inserted through skin; internal fixation includes pins, plates, rods, screws, and wires that are put into place during a surgical procedure called open reduction |
|
What is a fracture (FX, Fx) |
Broken bone |
|
What is a greenstick fracture |
Fracture with incomplete break; one side of the bone breaks and other side only bends; commonly seen in children because their bones are still pliable |
|
What is a greenstick fracture |
Fracture with incomplete break; one side of the bone breaks and other side only bends; commonly seen in children because their bones are still pliable |
|
What is a herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) |
Protrusion of intervertebral disk between two vertebrae, which puts pressure on spinal nerves; also called herniated disk or ruptured disk; may require surgery |
|
What is a greenstick fracture |
Fracture with incomplete break; one side of the bone breaks and other side only bends; commonly seen in children because their bones are still pliable |
|
What is a herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) |
Protrusion of intervertebral disk between two vertebrae, which puts pressure on spinal nerves; also called herniated disk or ruptured disk; may require surgery |
|
What is an impacted fracture |
Fracture in which one bone fragment is pushed into another |
|
What is kyphosis |
Abnormal increase in normal outward curvature of thoracic spine; also called hunchback or humpback |
|
What is lordosis |
Abnormal increase in normal forward curvature if lumbar spine; also called swayback |
|
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
Diagnostic imaging technique that uses electromagnetic energy to produce an image; especially useful for viewing soft tissues, such as spinal cord and intervertebral disks. |
|
WHat is muscle atrophy |
Loss of muscle bulk due to muscle disease, nervous system disease, or lack of use; also called muscle wasting
|
|
What is muscular dystrophy (MD |
One of a group of inherited diseases involving progressive muscle degeneration, weakness, and atrophy
|
|
What are nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) |
Large group of drugs that provide mild pain relief and anti-inflammatory benefits for conditions such as arthritis
|
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What is a oblique fracture |
Bone break where fracture line runs along an angle to shaft of the bone
|
|
What is orthosis |
Externally applied brace or splint to prevent or correct deformities; orthotist is person skilled in making and adjusting orthoses
|
|
What is osteoarthritis (OA |
Arthritis caused by loss of cartilage cushion covering bones in joint; most common in bearing weight joints; results in bone rubbing against bone
|
|
What is osteoporosis |
Condition that develops due to a decrease in bone mass; results in a thinning and weakening of the bone; may lead to pathologic fractures; most commonly seen in older women
|
|
WHat is osteogenic sarcoma |
Most common type of bone cancer; usually begins in osteocytes found at ends of bones; most frequently occurs in persons 10–25 years old
|
|
What is a pathologic fracture |
Broken bone caused by diseased or weakened bone, not trauma
|
|
What is percutaneous diskectomy |
Thin catheter tube is inserted into intervertebral disk through skin to suck out pieces of herniated or ruptured disk; or laser is used to vaporize disk
|
|
What is a prosthesis |
Any artificial device used as substitute for body part that is either missing from birth or lost as the result of an accident ordisease; example: artificial leg; prosthetist is person trained in making prostheses
|
|
What is radiography |
Diagnostic imaging procedure using X-rays to see internal structure of body; especially useful for visualizing bones and joints
|
|
What is reduction |
Correcting fracture or dislocation by realigning bone; closed reduction moves bones externally; open reduction manipulates bones through a surgical incision; open reduction usually performed before internal fixation of bone fragments
|
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What is repetitive motion disorder |
Group of chronic disorders with tendon, muscle, joint, and nerve damage caused by prolonged periods of pressure, vibration, or repetitive movements
|
|
What is rheumatoid arthritis (RA) |
Arthritis with swelling, stiffness, pain, and degeneration of cartilage in joints caused by chronic soft tissue inflammation; may result in crippling deformities; an autoimmune disease
|
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What is scoliosis
|
Abnormal lateral curvature of spine
|
|
WHat is a spasm |
Sudden, involuntary, strong muscle contraction
|
|
What is spina bifida |
Birth defect when vertebra fails to fully form around spinal cord; ranges from mild to severe; if spinal cord is damaged, paralysis results
|
|
What is a spiral fracture |
Bone break in which fracture line spirals around shaft of the bone; caused by twisting injury; often slower to heal than other types of fractures
|
|
WHat is a sprain |
Ligament injury from overstretching, but without joint dislocation or bone fracture
|
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What is a strain |
Damage to the muscle or tendons from overuse or overstretching
|
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What is a stress fracture |
A slight bone break caused by repetitive low-impact forces, like running, rather than single forceful impact
|
|
WHat is total hip arthroplasty (THA) |
Surgical reconstruction of hip with artificial hip joint; also called total hip replacement (THR).
|
|
WHat is a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) |
Surgical reconstruction of knee joint with artificial knee joint; also called total knee replacement (TKR)
|
|
What is a transverse fracture |
Bone break with fracture line straight across shaft of bone
|
|
"AE" |
above elbow |
|
"AK" |
Above knee |
|
"BDT" |
bone density test |
|
"BE" |
below elbow |
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"BK" |
below knee |
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"BMD" |
bone mineral density |
|
"CTS" |
carpal tunnel sydrome |
|
"DTR" |
Deep tendon reflex |
|
"EMG" |
electromyogram |
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"IM" |
intramuscular |
|
"MD" |
muscular dystrophy |
|
"Ca" |
calcium |
|
"DJD" |
degenerative joint disease
|
|
"DXA" |
dual-energy absorptiometry
|
|
"HNP" |
herniated nucleus pulposus
|
|
"JRA" |
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
|
|
"LE" |
lower extremity |
|
"LLE" |
Left lower extremity |
|
"LUE" |
left upper extremity |
|
"OA" |
osteoarthritis
|
|
"ORIF" |
open reduction-internal fixation
|
|
"RA" |
rheumatoid arthritis
|
|
"RLE" |
right lower extremity |
|
"RUE" |
right upper extremity |
|
"THA" |
total hip arthroplasty
|
|
"THR" |
total hip replacement
|
|
"TKA" |
total knee arthroplasty
|
|
"TKR" |
total knee replacement
|
|
"UE" |
upper extremity |