Med Term 11 Respiratory System

Front 1

paranasal sinuses

Back 1

paired air-filled cavities in the bones of the face that are connected to the nasal cavity; these include the frontal, sphenoidal, maxillary, and ethmoidal sinuses

Front 2

adenoids

Back 2

pharyngeal tonsil located on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx that enlarges during childhood and shrinks during puberty

Front 3

tonsils

Back 3

lymphatic structures including the pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids), palatine tonsil, and lingual tonsil

Front 4

glottis

Back 4

part of the larynx consisting of the vocal folds and the slit-like opening between the folds

Front 5

carina

Back 5

cartilaginous ridge at the point where the trachea divides into the two bronchi

Front 6

lobes

Back 6

3 on the right and two on the left

Front 7

parietal layer

Back 7

outer layer of the pleura that attaches to the chest wall; also called the parietal pluera

Front 8

visceral layer

Back 8

inner layer of the pleura that attaches to the lungs; also called visceral pleura

Front 9

mediastinum

Back 9

area of the thoracic cavity between the lungs that contains the heart, aorta, esophagus, trachea, and thymus

Front 10

eupnea

Back 10

normal breathing

Front 11

external respiration

Back 11

the exchange of respiratory gases in the lungs

Front 12

inspiration

Back 12

the process of breathing in

Front 13

internal respiration

Back 13

exchange of gases between the blood and the tissues; also called tissue respiration

Front 14

patent

Back 14

open or unobstructed

Front 15

respiration

Back 15

process involving the exchange of O2 and CO2 between the environment and body cells; also called breathing or pulmonary ventilation

Front 16

sputum

Back 16

mixture of saliva and mucus coughed up from respiratory tract; phlegm

Front 17

ventilation

Back 17

movement of gases into and out of lungs also called respiration

Front 18

aspir/o

Back 18

to breathe in or suck in

Front 19

atel/o

Back 19

incomplete

Front 20

ausculat/o

Back 20

listening

Front 21

capn/o, capni/o

Back 21

CO2

Front 22

cost/o

Back 22

rib

Front 23

diaphragmat/o

Back 23

diaphragm

Front 24

phon/o

Back 24

sound, voice

Front 25

phren/o

Back 25

diaphragm

Front 26

pleur/o

Back 26

rib, side, pleura

Front 27

sept/o

Back 27

septum, thin wall

Front 28

sinus/o

Back 28

sinus, hollow space

Front 29

em-

Back 29

in

Front 30

in-

Back 30

not

Front 31

pan-

Back 31

all, entire

Front 32

-cele

Back 32

herniation, protrusion

Front 33

-centesis

Back 33

puncture to aspirate

Front 34

-ectasis

Back 34

dilation, stretching

Front 35

-emia

Back 35

blood (condition of)

Front 36

-phonia

Back 36

condition of the voice

Front 37

-plegia

Back 37

paralysis

Front 38

-rrhagia

Back 38

flowing forth

Front 39

anoxic

Back 39

pertaining to the absence of O2

Front 40

apneic

Back 40

pertaining to or suffering from apnea

Front 41

acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Back 41

respiratory failure that can occur with underlying illnesses or injury

Front 42

aphonia

Back 42

loss of the voice as a result of disease or injury to the larynx

Front 43

apnea

Back 43

absence of breathing

Front 44

atelectasis

Back 44

decrease or loss of air in the lung, causing loss of lung volume and possible lung collapse

Front 45

bronchiectasis

Back 45

an irreversible widening of portions of the bronchi resulting from damage to the airway wall

Front 46

bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP)

Back 46

non-inectious pneumonia characterized by inflammation of bronchioles and surrounding lung tissue

Front 47

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Back 47

general term used for those disorders with permanent or temporary narrowing of small bronchi, in which forced expiratory flow is slowed

Front 48

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Back 48

respiratory pattern that involves alternating periods of apnea and deep, rapid breathing

Front 49

croup

Back 49

actue obstruction of the upper airway in infants and children characterized by a barking cough with difficult and noisy respiration

Front 50

cystic fibrosis (CF)

Back 50

inherited disorder characterized by the production of thick mucus that blocks the internal passages, including the bronchi and lungs, often resulting in respiratory infection

Front 51

diaphragmatocele

Back 51

hernia of the diaphragm

Front 52

dysphonia

Back 52

altered voice production; difficulty speaking due to vocal cord disorder

Front 53

dyspnea

Back 53

difficulty breathing

Front 54

emphysema

Back 54

chronic lung disorder charcterized by enlarged alveoli

Front 55

empyema

Back 55

localization collection of pus in the thoracic cavity resulting from an infection in the lungs

Front 56

espistaxis

Back 56

bleeding from the nose

Front 57

hemothorax

Back 57

blood in the pleural cavity

Front 58

hypoxemia

Back 58

decreased level of O2 in blood

Front 59

hypoxia

Back 59

decreased level of O2 in tissue

Front 60

influenza

Back 60

an acute contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses

Front 61

interstitiual lung disease (ILD); pulmonary fibrosis

Back 61

a group of chronic lung disorders affecting the tissue between the air sacs of the lungs causing irreversible inflammation and fibrosis

Front 62

orthopnea

Back 62

discomfort in breathing that is brought on or aggravated by lying flat

Front 63

pansinusitis

Back 63

inflammation of all sinuses

Front 64

pertussis; whooping cough

Back 64

an actue infectious inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi caused by the bacterium

Front 65

pleural effusion

Back 65

collection of fluid or blood in the pleural space around the lung

Front 66

pneumonia

Back 66

bacterial infection and inflammation withing the lobes of the lungs

Front 67

pneumonitis

Back 67

inflammation of the lungs

Front 68

pneumothorax

Back 68

the presence of air or gas in pleural cavity causing collapse of the lung

Front 69

pulmonary edema

Back 69

buildup of fluid in the lungs

Front 70

pulmonary embolism

Back 70

obstruction of the pulmonary circulation by a blood clot

Front 71

rales

Back 71

crackling or bubbling lung noises heard on inspiration that indicate fibrosis or fluid in the alveoli

Front 72

reactive airway disease (RAD)

Back 72

respiratory condition characterized by wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing exposure to an irritant

Front 73

respiratory failure (RF)

Back 73

condition in which the level of O2 in the blood becomes dangerously low and/or the level of CO2 becomes dangerously high

Front 74

rhinitis

Back 74

inflammation of the mucous membranes within the nasal cavity

Front 75

rhonchi

Back 75

abnormal whistling, humming, or snoring sounds head during inspiration or expiration

Front 76

rubs

Back 76

friction sounds in the lungs caused by inflammation of the pleura

Front 77

stridor

Back 77

a whistling sound heard on inspiration that indicates partial obstruction of the trachea or larynx

Front 78

tuberculosis

Back 78

infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, attacks lungs and spreads through the air from one person to another

Front 79

upper respiratory infection URI

Back 79

acute infection involving nose, sinuses, or pharynx; commonly a cold

Front 80

acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear

Back 80

clinical test performed on sputum to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli

Front 81

arterial blood gases (ABG's)

Back 81

test performed on arterial blood to determine levels of O2, CO2, and other gases

Front 82

Purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test

Back 82

skine test used to see if patient has immune response to bacteria that cause TB

Front 83

Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan

Back 83

test used to see distribution of blood flow and ventilation through lungs

Front 84

bronchoalveolar lavage

Back 84

procedure performed during bronchoscopy to collect cells of the alveoli; saline solution is instilled into distal bronchi

Front 85

peak flow monitoring

Back 85

test that measures the rate of air flow, how fast air is able to pass through airways

Front 86

polysomnography

Back 86

monitoring and recording normal and abnormal activity during sleep

Front 87

pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

Back 87

group of tests perfomred to measure breathing; used to determine respiratory function or abnormalities; useful in distinguishing chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases from asthma

Front 88

video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)

Back 88

thoracic surgery performed using endoscopic cameras, optical systems, and display screens, as well as specially designed surgical instruments, which enables surgeons to view the inside of the chest cavity and remove tissue to test for disease

Front 89

aspiration

Back 89

removal of accumulated fluid by suction

Front 90

bronchoplasty

Back 90

surgical repair of the bronchus

Front 91

continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy

Back 91

breathing apparatus that pumps constant pressurized air through the nasal passages via a mask to keep the airway opent

Front 92

hyperbaric medicine

Back 92

medicinal use of high barometric pressure, usually in specially constructed chambers, to increase O2 content of blood and tissues

Front 93

ABG

Back 93

arterial blood gas

Front 94

AFB

Back 94

acid-fast bacilli

Front 95

ARDS

Back 95

acute respiratory distress syndrome

Front 96

BAL

Back 96

bronchoalveolar lavage

Front 97

BOOP

Back 97

bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia

Front 98

CF

Back 98

cystic fibrosis

Front 99

COPD

Back 99

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Front 100

CPAP

Back 100

continuous positive airway pressure

Front 101

CXR

Back 101

chest x-ray

Front 102

ILD

Back 102

interstitial lung disease

Front 103

INH

Back 103

isoniazid; isonicotinic acid hydrazide

Front 104

PFTs

Back 104

pulmonary function tests

Front 105

PPF

Back 105

purified protein derivative

Front 106

RAD

Back 106

reactive airway disease

Front 107

RF

Back 107

respiratory failure

Front 108

URI

Back 108

upper respiratory infection

Front 109

V/Q

Back 109

ventilation-perfusion

Front 110

VATS

Back 110

video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery