Med Surgical Nursing

Front 1

You are caring for a patient admitted with a diagnosis of renal failure. When you review your patient's lab reports, you note that the patient's magnesium level is high? What would be important to assess?

Back 1

diminished deep tendon reflexes

Front 2

You are working on a burn unit. One of your patients is exhibiting signs of third spacing, which occurs when fluid moves out of the IV space but not into intracellular space. Based on this fluid shift, what would you expect the patient to demonstrate?

Back 2

hypovolemia

Front 3

A patient with anxiety present to ER. The triage nurse notes upon assessment that the patient is hyperventilating. The nurse is aware that hyperventilation is most common cause of what acid base imbalance?

Back 3

respiratory acidosis

Front 4

You notice patients potassium is very low. What would you be concerned your patient is at risk for?

Back 4

metabolic alkalosis

Front 5

Starting peripheral IV. How should the nurse always start?

Back 5

ask the patient if there is an allergy to latex or iodine

Front 6

A patient in ICU starts complaining of shortness of breath. An ABG shows: PH 7.21, PaCO2 64, HCO3 24. What does this reflect?

Back 6

Respiratory Acidosis

Front 7

The nurse notes that the woman seems confused and has poor skin turgor. When asked about her fluid intake, she says “ I stopped drinking water early in the day because its too difficult to get up during the night to go to the bathroom. What would be the nurses’ best response?

Back 7

Limiting your fluids can create imbalances in your body that can result in confusion. Maybe we need to adjust the timing of your fluids.

Front 8

When oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between pulmonary capillaries and the alveoli, which process is used?

Back 8

diffusion

Front 9

In the human body, water and electrolytes move from the arterial capillary bed to the interstitial fluid. What causes this to occur?

Back 9

The hydrostatic pressure resulting from the pumping action of the heart.

Front 10

You are an ICU nurse caring for patient. The patient is complaining of having trouble breathing with abdominal pain. ABG reveals: pH 7.28, PaCO2 50, HCO3 23. What would you know is happening with this patient?

Back 10

Mixed acid base disorder

Front 11

On assessment, you find the patient tachypnic, lethargic, weak and exhibiting a diminished cognitive ability. You find 3+ pitting edema. What electrolyte imbalance would you suspect?

Back 11

hypercholeremia

Front 12

The patient appears malnourished and TPN has been started. Why would you start the TPN slowly?

Back 12

patients receiving TPN are at risk for hypercalcemia if calories are started too quickly

Front 13

Which of the following statements best describes the pathophysiology of shock?

Back 13

cells lack an adequate blood supply and are deprived of oxygen and nutrients

Front 14

When prioritizing a patients care, you recognize that your patient is at risk for hypovolemic shock when

Back 14

fluid circulating in blood vessels is decreased

Front 15

An early sign that accompanies initial shock is?

Back 15

cool, clammy skin

Front 16

The nurse reports BP 85/54, heart rate 53 BPM, skin is warm and dry. What does the ICU nurse recognize that the patient is probably experiencing?

Back 16

Neurogenic shock

Front 17

When caring for a patient in shock, one of the major goals is to reduce the risk that the patient will develop complications from shock. What does this require the nurse to do?

Back 17

Understand the underlying mechanisms of shock, recognize the subtle and more obvious signs, and then provide rapid assessment and response.

Front 18

You are caring for a patient in the ICU who is suffering from multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. What should your plan of care focus on?

Back 18

Promoting communication with the patient and faimly along with addressing end of life issues

Front 19

Your patient is in hypovolemic shock. You know that the antidiuretic hormone plays a role in hypovolemic shock. What assessment findings will you likely observe related to this?

Back 19

decreased capillary perfusion

Front 20

When caring for a patient at risk for shock, what assessment finding would the nurse consider a potential sign of shock?

Back 20

shallow respirations

Front 21

The patient has normal blood pressure, increased heart rate, decreased bowel sounds, skin is cold. What would the nurse suspect?

Back 21

compensatory stage of shock

Front 22

You are part of the health care team in the ED caring for a patient in irreversible stage of shock. What would be the best nursing intervention?

Back 22

Provide opportunities for the family to spend time with the patient, and help them understand the stage of shock.

Front 23

The patient’s heart is pumping an inadequate supply of oxygen to the tissue. What would you assess for?

Back 23

dysrhythmias

Front 24

You are caring for a patient at risk for shock. What physiologic response would you know to look for while assessing?

Back 24

hypo-perfusion of tissues

Front 25

In a state of shock, compensatory mechanisms occur in the body. What is the compensatory mechanism to increase cardiac output during hypovolemic states?

Back 25

tachycardia

Front 26

You are an ICU nurse caring for patient with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome due to shock. What is a critical part of your role?

Back 26

providing information and support to family

Front 27

As an ICU nurse caring for a patient in circulatory shock, you know the pooling of blood in the periphery leads to what?

Back 27

decreased venous return

Front 28

The ICU nurse is caring for a patient with neurogenic shock. What would the nurse know is a characteristic of neurogenic shock?

Back 28

bradycardia

Front 29

Vasoactive medications are given for all forms of shock. Why are these medications used?

Back 29

initiate vasoconstriction

Front 30

The student nurses are studying for a test on diabetes. What should the students know is a complication of diabetes termed macrovascular?

Back 30

stroke

Front 31

The school nurse is teaching a senior health class risk factors for diabetes. What risk factor for diabetes cannot be modified by the patient?

Back 31

advanced age

Front 32

A patient with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse what caused her diabetes. The nurse is explaining to the patient the etiology of type 1 diabetes. Which one is the best option.

Back 32

Decrease of special cells in the pancreas causes a decrease in insulin production and the level of glucose in the bloodstream

Front 33

The diabetic educator is teaching patient about type 2. The educator recognizes the patient understands the primary treatment of diabetes?

Back 33

I will follow the weight loss plan designed by the dietician

Front 34

The nurse is caring for a type 1 diabetic. Patient teaching includes assessing the patient self care skills to determine further assess the patient’s ability to prepare and give insulin?

Back 34

direct observation of self-care skill

Front 35

When providing information on the prevention of hypoglycemia, what information would help prevent hypoglycemia?

Back 35

always carry a form of fast acting sugar

Front 36

A patient with type 1 is seeing a nurse to review foot care. What would be a priority instruction for the nurse to give to the patient?

Back 36

avoid hot water bottles and heating pads