Med/surge Chapter 40

Front 1

How do you assess peroneal nerves?

Back 1

pricking the skin between the great and second toe

Front 2

Leading cause of muscoskeletal-related disability in the US

Back 2

Arthritis

Front 3

Increased calcitonin levels would exacerbate

Back 3

hypocalcemia

Front 4

Low calcium levels increase

Back 4

levels of the parathyroid hormone and prompt the mobilization of calcium and the demineralization of bone

Front 5

lab test associated with longterm hypocalcemia

Back 5

elevated parathyroid hormone level

Front 6

Bone pain characteristics

Back 6

dull depp ache that is boring in nature

Front 7

peripheral neurovascular dysfunction findings

Back 7

absence of feeling, capillary refill of 4-5 seconds and cool skin

pale

cyanotic

mottled skin

weakness

paralysis with option

paresthesia

unrelenting pain

pain on passice stretch

absence of feeling

Front 8

Most accurate test for osteoporosis and for predicting a fracture

Back 8

bone densitometry

Front 9

long bone shaft

Back 9

diaphysis

Front 10

diaphysis is constructed primarily of

Back 10

coritcal bone

Front 11

Kyphsis is

Back 11

the increase in thoracic curvature of the spine

Front 12

epiphyses

Back 12

ends of long bones

Front 13

lordosis

Back 13

exaggerated curvature of the lumber spine

Front 14

ulnar nerve is assessed for sensation by

Back 14

pricking the fat pad at the top of the small finger

Front 15

Lordosis is

Back 15

an increase in lumbar curvature of the spine

Front 16

kyphosis

Back 16

an increase in the convex curvature of the spine

Front 17

scoliosis

Back 17

lateral curvature of the spine

Front 18

osteoporosis

Back 18

significant loss of bone mass and strength with an increased risk for fracture

Front 19

bones that provide vital organ protection

Back 19

flat bones

Front 20

interventions to perform arthroscopy

Back 20

-wrapping the joint in a compression dressing

-extending and elevating the joint

-appolying ice or cold packs

Front 21

may occur when the ankle is dorsiflexed or the wrist is extended

-it is characterized by rhythm contractions of the muscle

Back 21

clonus

Front 22

Fasciculation

Back 22

involuntary twitching of muscle fiber groups

Front 23

Contractures

Back 23

prolonged tightening of muscle groups and an effusion is that pathologic escape of the body

Front 24

muscle disuse has a risk for

Back 24

atrophy--decrease in size

Front 25

patient teaching when receiving a bone scan

Back 25

drink plenty of fluids to help distribute and eliminate the isotopic after it is injected

Front 26

muscle with greater-than-normal tone is

Back 26

spastic

Front 27

soft and flabby muscle tone is

Back 27

atony

Front 28

limp and without tone muscle is

Back 28

flaccid

Front 29

state known as muscle ton (tons) is produced by

Back 29

maintenance of some of the muscle fibers in a contracted state

Front 30

gait is assessed by

Back 30

having the patient walk away from the examiner for a short distance

examiner observes the pts gait for smoothness and rhythm

pt should not look at the floor

Front 31

Creptitus is

Back 31

a greating, crackling sound of sensation that occurs as the irregular joint surfaces move across one another, as in arthritic conditions

-clonus i rhythmic contractions of the muscle fiber groups

Front 32

Effusion is

Back 32

the collections of excessive fluid within the capsule of a joint

Front 33

fasciculations are

Back 33

involluntary twitchin gof muscle fiber groups

Front 34

callus formation takes place during

Back 34

the reparative phase of bone healing

Front 35

reative phase occures

Back 35

immediately after injury

Front 36

remodeling phase

Back 36

builds on the reparative phase

Front 37

osteoblasts function in

Back 37

bone formation by secreting bone matrix

Front 38

Osteocytes are

Back 38

mature bone cells

Front 39

osteoclasts

Back 39

multinuclear cells involved in dissolving and reabsorbing bone

Front 40

lemellae

Back 40

circles of mineralized bone matrix

Front 41

what is contraindicated in MRI's

Back 41

--No metal objects, serious safety risk

-takes 90 min

Front 42

nursing assessment of the pt with muscoskeletal dysfunction

Back 42

-eval of the effects of the muscoskeletal disorder on the pt

--health history, supersedes genetic risk factors and adherence to tx

Front 43

when performing pelvis scan, the pt should

Back 43

empty the bladder.

a full bladder interferes with accurate scanning of the pelvic bones

Front 44

what dietary nutrients and hormones play a role in resorption and formation of adult bones

Back 44

-thyroid hormone

-growth hormone

-estrogen

-physical activity

-calcium

-calcitriol

-parathyroid hormone

-growth hormone

-sex hormone

Front 45

profound effect on bone density

Back 45

nutrition.

Genetics are also, but nutrition is more

Front 46

post procedure for bone biopsy, nurse should assess for

Back 46

pain

Front 47

questions regarding altered sensations

Back 47

-how does this feeling compare to sensation in the unaffected extremity

Front 48

Dietary factors that influence risk for osteoporosis

Back 48

calcium

vitamin D

Front 49

when assessing bone integrity

Back 49

assess symmetric parts of the body (extremities)

best assessed when pt is not moving

Front 50

primary focus of pt with muscoskeletal disorder

Back 50

ADLs

Front 51

complication folowing arthroscopy

Back 51

fever

Front 52

serum calcium levels are altered in pts with

Back 52

ostcomalacia, parathyroid dysfunction, Paget's disease, metastatic bone tumores, or prolonged immobilization

Front 53

what is elevated during early fracture healing

Back 53

alkaling phosphate

Front 54

if a pt complains of compartment syndrome, the nurse should

Back 54

contact the provider immediately

Front 55

During arthrography,

Back 55

a radiopague contrast agent or air is injected into the joint cavity to visualize the joint structures

Front 56

Arthrocentesis is carried out to

Back 56

obtain synovial fluid for purposes of examination or to believe panda to effusion