Med Surge Chapter 71

Front 1

A male patient comes to the clinic and is diagnosed with gonorrhea. Which symptom most likely prompted him to seek medical attention?

Back 1

Foul-smelling discharge from the penis

Front 2

A nurse is caring for a child who was admitted to the pediatric unit with infectious diarrhea. The nurse should be alert to what assessment finding as an indicator of dehydration?

Back 2

Weak pulse

Front 3

A nursing home patient has been diagnosed with Clostridium difficile. What type of precautions should the nurse implement to prevent the spread of this infectious disease to other residents?

Back 3

Contact

Front 4

A nurse who provides care in a busy ED is in contact with hundreds of patients each year. The nurse has a responsibility to receive what vaccine?

Back 4

Hepatitis B vaccine

Front 5

When a disease infects a host a portal of entry is needed for an organism to gain access. What has been identified as the portal of entry for tuberculosis?

Back 5

Respiratory system

Front 6

A patient has a concentration of S. aureus located on his skin. The patient is not showing signs of increased temperature, redness, or pain at the site. The nurse is aware that this is a sign of a microorganism at which of the following stages?

Back 6

Colonization

Front 7

An infectious outbreak of unknown origin has occurred in a long-term care facility. The nurse who oversees care at the facility should report the outbreak to what organization?

Back 7

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Front 8

The infectious control nurse is presenting a program on West Nile virus for a local community group. To reduce the incidence of this disease, the nurse should recommend what action?

Back 8

Consistent use of mosquito repellants

Front 9

An immunosuppressed patient is receiving chemotherapy treatment at home. What infection-control measure should the nurse recommend to the family?

Back 9

Maintain cleanliness in the home, but recognize that the home does not need to be sterile.

Front 10

A medical nurse is careful to adhere to infection control protocols, including handwashing. Which statement about handwashing supports the nurse's practice?

Back 10

Frequent handwashing reduces transmission of U from one patient to another.

Front 11

A male patient with gonorrhea asks the nurse how he can reduce his risk of contracting another sexually transmitted infection. The patient is not in a monogamous relationship. The nurse should instruct the patient to do which of the following?

Back 11

Wear a condom every time he has intercourse.

Front 12

The nurse places a patient in isolation. Isolation techniques have the potential to break the chain of infection by interfering with what component of the chain of infection?

Back 12

Mode of transmission

Front 13

The nurse is caring for a patient who is colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). What infection control measure has the greatest potential to reduce transmission of MRSA and other nosocomial pathogens in a health care setting?

Back 13

Performing hand hygiene before and after contact with every patient

Front 14

A patient on Airborne Precautions asks the nurse to leave his door open. What is the nurse's best reply?

Back 14

"I have to keep your door shut at all times. I'll open the curtains so that you don't feel so closed in."

Front 15

Family members are caring for a patient with HIV in the patient's home. What should the nurse encourage family members to do to reduce the risk of infection transmission?

Back 15

Use caution when shaving the patient.

Front 16

A nurse is preparing to administer a patient's scheduled dose of subcutaneous heparin. To reduce the risk of needlestick injury, the nurse should perform what action?

Back 16

Avoid recapping the needle before disposing of it.

Front 17

A 16-year-old male patient comes to the free clinic and is subsequently diagnosed with primary syphilis. What health problem most likely prompted the patient to seek care?

Back 17

The emergence of a chancre on his penis

Front 18

A patient on the medical unit is found to have pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). What is the most appropriate precaution for the staff to take to prevent transmission of this disease?

Back 18

Standard and airborne precautions

Front 19

An adult patient in the ICU has a central venous catheter in place. Over the past 24 hours, the patient has developed signs and symptoms that are suggestive of a central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). What aspect of the patient's care may have increased susceptibility to CLABSI?

Back 19

The patient's central line was placed in the femoral vein.

Front 20

What is the best rationale for health care providers receiving the influenza vaccination on a yearly basis?

Back 20

To decrease risk of transmission to vulnerable patients

Front 21

A patient has presented at the ED with copious diarrhea and accompanying signs of dehydration. During the patient's health history, the nurse learns that the patient recently ate oysters from the Gulf of Mexico. The nurse should recognize the need to have the patient's stool cultured for microorganisms associated with what disease?

Back 21

Cholera

Front 22

A patient is alarmed that she has tested positive for MRSA following culture testing during her admission to the hospital. What should the nurse teach the patient about this diagnostic finding?

Back 22

“This doesn't mean that you have an infection; it shows that the bacteria live on one of your skin surfaces.”

Front 23

A patient's diagnostic testing revealed that he is colonized with vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE). What change in the patient's health status could precipitate an infection?

Back 23

Development of a skin break

Front 24

A clinic nurse is caring for a male patient diagnosed with gonorrhea who has been prescribed ceftriaxone and doxycycline. The patient asks why he is receiving two antibiotics. What is the nurse's best response?

Back 24

“Many people infected with gonorrhea are infected with chlamydia as well.”

Front 25

A student nurse completing a preceptorship is reviewing the use of standard precautions. Which of the following practices is most consistent with standard precautions?

Back 25

Washing hands immediately after removing gloves

Front 26

A patient is admitted from the ED diagnosed with Neisseria meningitides. What type of isolation precautions should the nurse institute?

Back 26

Droplet precautions

Front 27

During a health education session, a participant asks the nurse how a vaccine can protect from future exposures to diseases against which she is vaccinated. What would be the nurse's best response?

Back 27

The vaccine causes an antibody response in the body.

Front 28

A 2-year-old is brought to the clinic by her mother who tells the nurse her daughter has diarrhea and the child is complaining of pain in her stomach. The mother says that the little girl had not eaten anything unusual, consuming homemade chicken strips and carrot sticks the evening prior. Which bacterial infection would the nurse suspect this little girl of contacting?

contacting?

Back 28

Salmonella

Front 29

A public health nurse is teaching a mother about vaccinations prior to obtaining informed consent for her child's vaccination. What should the nurse cite as the most common adverse effect of vaccinations?

Back 29

Allergic reactions to the antigen or carrier solution

Front 30

A mother brings her 12 month-old son into the clinic for his measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination. What would the clinic nurse advise the mother about the MMR vaccine?

Back 30

Fever and hypersensitivity reaction might occur.

Front 31

An older adult patient tells the nurse that she had chicken pox as a child and is eager to be vaccinated against shingles. What should the nurse teach the patient about this vaccine?

Back 31

Vaccination can reduce her risk of shingles by approximately 50%.

Front 32

The nurse educator is discussing emerging diseases with a group of nurses. The educator should cite what causes of emerging diseases? Select all that apply.

Back 32

B) Use of extended-spectrum antibiotics C) Population movements D) Increased global travel E) Globalization of food supplies Ans: B, C, D, E

Hint 32

Select all that apply

Front 33

An older adult patient has been diagnosed with Legionella infection. When planning this patient's care, the nurse should prioritize which of the following nursing actions?

Back 33

Vigilant monitoring of respiratory status

Front 34

The nurse is caring for a patient with secondary syphilis. What intervention should the nurse institute when caring for this patient?

Back 34

Wear gloves if contact with lesions is possible.

Front 35

A long-term care facility is the site of an outbreak of infectious diarrhea. The nurse educator has emphasized the importance of hand hygiene to staff members. The use of alcohol-based cleansers may be ineffective if the causative microorganism is identified as what?

Back 35

Clostridium difficile

Front 36

The nurse is providing care for an older adult patient who has developed signs and symptoms of Calicivirus (Norovirus). What assessment should the nurse prioritize when planning this patient's care?

Back 36

Fluid intake and output

Front 37

The nurse who provides care at a wilderness camp is teaching staff members about measures that reduce campers' and workers' risks of developing Giardia infections. The nurse should emphasize which of the following practices?

Back 37

Using mosquito repellant consistently

Front 38

A nurse is participating in a vaccination clinic at the local public health clinic. The nurse is describing the public health benefits of vaccinations to participants. Vaccine programs addressing which of the following diseases have been deemed successful? Select all that apply.

Back 38

A) Polio B) Diphtheria E) Pertussis Ans: A, B, E

Hint 38

Select all that apply

Front 39

A public health nurse promoting the annual influenza vaccination is focusing health promotion efforts on the populations most vulnerable to death from influenza. The nurse should focus on which of the following groups?

Back 39

Older adults with compromised health status

Front 40

The nurse receives a phone call from a clinic patient who experienced fever and slight dyspnea several hours after receiving the pneumococcus vaccine. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?

Back 40

Ensure that the adverse reaction is reported.