Material Science Test 1

Front 1

Electron Configuration

Back 1

Front 2

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Back 2

An orbital can hold only 0, 1, or 2 electrons only, and if two electrons are present, then their spins must be exactly opposite. No two electrons in the same atom can have the same four Quantum Numbers.

Front 3

Hund's Principle

Back 3

When filling sub-levels other than s, electrons are placed in individual orbitals before being paired up.

Front 4

Aufbau (Building-Up) Principle

Back 4

1. The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the atomic #2. Each added electron will enter the orbitals in the order of increasing energy.3. Any orbital cannot take more than 2 electrons.

Front 5

What happens as you go down a group (atomic radii)

Back 5

atoms get bigger bc more energy levels

Front 6

What happens as you go across a period (atomic radii)

Back 6

atoms get smaller bc more protons so more of a pull on the electrons due to charge

Front 7

Valence Electrons

Back 7

Electrons in the outer shell of an atom. The valence electrons are the ones involved in forming bonds to adjacent atoms. Important for determining the number of bonds an atom will form, the number of unpaired electrons, and an atom's formal charge.

Front 8

Electronegativity

Back 8

Measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. Increases from left to right, bottom to top.

Front 9

Atomic packing structure

Back 9

Hint 9

Front 10

Ductility

Back 10

A measure of the degree to which a material plastically deformed by the time fracture occurs

Front 11

Hooke's law

Back 11

Sufficiently small tensile stress, stress and strain a proportional this is called hooks law the law states that elastic deformation stresses proportional Chris drink the proportionality constant is called elastic modulus or Young's modulus

Front 12

Tensile strength or ultimate strength

Back 12

Maximum stress that can be sustained by structure intention if this stress is applied and maintain fracture will occur

Front 13

Yield strength

Back 13

The stress that corresponds to the intersection of a 2 millimeter line offset in the stress strain curve as it bends over the plastic region

Front 14

Proportional limit

Back 14

Determined as the initial departure from linearity of the stress strain curve this represents the plastic deformation on microscopic level

Front 15

Fracture

Back 15

Separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress

Front 16

Offset strain (typically .2%)

Back 16

Straight line is constructed parallel to the elastic proportion of the stress-strain curve at some specific string offset usually .002 the stress corresponds to the intersection of the line and the stress strain curve as it bends over the plastic region

Front 17

Elastic limit

Back 17

Maximum stress or force per unit area within a solid material that can arise before the onset of permanent deformation.

Front 18

Yield point phenomenon

Back 18

The elastic-plastic transition is very well the flying in occurs abruptly.

Front 19

Upper yield point

Back 19

Plastic deformation is initiated with an apparent decrease in engineering stress

Front 20

Lower yield point

Back 20

Continued deformation fluctuates slightly about a constant stress value

Front 21

Modulus of resilience

Back 21

Resilience is the capacity of a material to absorb energy when it is deformed elastically then upon unloading to have this energy recovered

Front 22

Modulus of toughness

Back 22

A measure of a materials ability the plastically deforn without fracture.

Front 23

APF BCC

Back 23

Front 24

APF FCC

Back 24