Male Reproductive, Female Reproductive System

Front 1

gametes

Back 1

sex cells, produced by each parent

Front 2

zygote

Back 2

fertilized egg combination of both parents

Front 3

Primary sex organs

Back 3

produce gametes (testes or ovaries)

Front 4

Secondary sex organs

Back 4

organs other than the gonads that are necessary for reproduction male (system of ducts, glands)
female reproductive (uterine tubes, uterus and vagina)

Front 5

external genitalia

Back 5

located in the perineum most are externally visable

Front 6

x

Back 6

carries sperm fetilizes the egg female

Front 7

y

Back 7

carrying sperm fertilizes the egg male

Front 8

gubernaculum

Back 8

a connective tissue cord extends from the gonad to the floor of the pelvic cavity

Front 9

inguinal hernia

Back 9

most common site of herniation in boys and men

Front 10

cryptorchidism

Back 10

boys born with undescended testes

Front 11

scrotum

Back 11

pouch of skin muscle and fibrous connective tissue containing testes

Front 12

spermatic cord

Back 12

bundle of fibrous connective tissue containing the ductus deferens, blood and lymphatic vessels and testicular nerve

Front 13

cremaster muscle

Back 13

strips of the internal abdominal oblique muscle

Front 14

testies

Back 14

combined endorcine and exocrine gland that produce sex hormones and sperm

Front 15

Tunica albuginea

Back 15

white fibrous capsule on testes

Front 16

seminiferous tubules

Back 16

sperm production, each tubule lined with thick germinal epithelium for sperm generation

Front 17

intersitital (Leydig) cells

Back 17

bettween tubules produce testosterone

Front 18

sustenacular (sertoli) cells

Back 18

protect germ cells and promote their development, cells depend on them for nutrients and waste removal growth factors and other needs

Front 19

Efferent ductules

Back 19

12 small ciliated ducts collecting sperm from rete testes and transports to epididymis

Front 20

Ductus (vas) deferens

Back 20

muscular tube passing up from scrotum through inguinal canal to posterior surface of bladder

Front 21

Gonadotropin Realsing hormone GnRH

Back 21

Screte follicle stimulating hormone FSH
Luteinizing hormone

Front 22

Sprematogenesis

Back 22

process of sperm production in seminferous tubules

Front 23

Mitosis

Back 23

a body cell doubles its DNA and then divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells

Front 24

Meiosis

Back 24

produces four gametes (haploid cells) each with only half the DNA of the diploid body cells

Front 25

Prostate

Back 25

produces a thin milky fluid contains calcium citrate and phosphate ions

Front 26

Female reproductive system

Back 26

Produces delivers gametes
provides nutrition and safe harbor for fetal developement
give birth
nourishes infant

Front 27

Ovaries

Back 27

Female gonads that produce egg cells and sex hormones

Front 28

ovulation

Back 28

bursting of the follicle and realeasing the egg

Front 29

Uterus

Back 29

thick muscular chamber that opens into roof of the vagina

Front 30

Lumen

Back 30

is roughly triangular upper two corners openings to uterine tube

Front 31

Cervical canal

Back 31

connects lumen to vagina

Front 32

internal os

Back 32

superior opening of canal into body of uterus

Front 33

external os

Back 33

inferior opening of canal into vagina

Front 34

cervical glands

Back 34

secerte mucus that prevents spread of microorganisms from vagaina into uterus

Front 35

perimtrium

Back 35

external serosa layer

Front 36

myometrium

Back 36

middle muscular layer

Front 37

endometrium

Back 37

inner mucosa

Front 38

stratum fuctionalis

Back 38

superficial half shed each menstrual period

Front 39

stratum basalis

Back 39

deep layer, stays behind and regenerates a new stratum functionalis with each menstrual cycle

Front 40

metaplasia

Back 40

the transformation of one tissue type to another

Front 41

mons pubis

Back 41

mound of fat over pubic symphysis bearing most of pubic hair

Front 42

labia majora

Back 42

pair of thick folds of skin and adipose tissue inferior to the mons

Front 43

labia minora

Back 43

medial to labia majora are thin hairless folds

Front 44

mammary gland

Back 44

developes within the breast during pregnacy

Front 45

system of ducts

Back 45

branching through fibrous stroma and converging on the nipple

Front 46

FSH

Back 46

stimulates developing ovarian follicles and they begin to secrete estrogen, progesterone, and small amount of androgen

Front 47

Estrogens

Back 47

feminizing hormones with widespread effects on the body

Front 48

thelarche

Back 48

onset of breast developement is the earilest noticeble sign of puberty

Front 49

Pubarche

Back 49

apperance of pubic and axillary hair, subaceous glands and axillary glands

Front 50

menarche

Back 50

first menstrual peroid

Front 51

estradiol

Back 51

stimulates vaginal metaplasia, stimulates a surge of LH and lesser spike of FSH by anterior pituitary

Front 52

proesterone

Back 52

primarily acts on the uterus preparing for possible pregnancy second half of the menstrual cycle

Front 53

climacteric

Back 53

midlife change in hormone secretion menopause cessation of menstruation

Front 54

Mensturation

Back 54

occurs during first 3 to 5 days of cycle

Front 55

corpus luteum luteal phase

Back 55

stimulates endometrial secretion and thickening

Front 56

ovarian cycle

Back 56

follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase

Front 57

follicular phase

Back 57

extends from beginning of menstruation until ovulation

Front 58

Human chronionic gonadotropin (HCG)

Back 58

secreted by blastocyst and placenta stimulates growth of corpus luteum

Front 59

Posterior pituitary Oxytocin

Back 59

promotes labor in two ways, directly stimulates muscles of myometrium, stimulates fetal membranes to produce prostaglandins

Front 60

Positive feedback theory of labor

Back 60

stretching of cervix, triggers a reflex contraction of uterine body