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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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genus
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Plasmodium
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caused by
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Parasitic infection
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How?
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Mosquito injects parasite into body. Merozites invade RBC where they become gametes
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why drain swamps?
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Malaria bearing mosquitos lay eggs on water-bearing surfaces
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Paroxysyms
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fever and chills, caused by decreased number of RBC's
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Evolution
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emergence of insecticide resistance, sickle cell/Thallassemias are genetic diseases. Homozygotes until recently died before having children
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Balanced polymorphism
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sickle cells are more difficult to penetrate by P. faciparum. HbS heterozygotes are less pronte to infection
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hereditary
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Autosomal recessive
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History
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indians knew about tree which lead to isolation of Quinine
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Eradication in US 1930
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draning and oiling, treating large populations for quinines, screen installations
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DDT (1940)
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aerial bombing of mosquito breeding swamps, spraying within houses
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Symptoms
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chills, fever, sweat, heart/lung, failure, death, enlargement of spleen
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Co-artem
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newer drug for malaria. In many parts of the world the durgs that were used cannot be used now becuase of evolution of resistance in parasite
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Prognosis
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<1% die, survivors develop immunity, but may have permanent damage
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Primary Prevention
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bed nets
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sex, culture, poverty
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traditional beliefes sometimes divert or delay treatment and prevention. made worse by poverty
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Secondary Prevention
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Presumptive treatment with quinine.
Institute anti-mosquito measures in the home and village of the child or adult with malaria |
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Tertiary structure
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Attempt to prevent worsening of the disease and life-threatening complications
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Challenges
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Drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium. Insecticide-resistant strains of mosquitoes. Crumbling public health infrastructure. Profound poverty. Competition for funding with HIV/AIDS
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