M2-Cx11-L49 --> Female Pathology

Front 1

This is the most important agent in cervical oncogenesis

Back 1

HPV

Front 2

Cervical CA is the ____ leading cause of death.

Back 2

8th

(count the letters in cervical)

Front 3

High risk HPV types associated with Cervical CA

Back 3

16
18
31
33

Front 4

What are the high risk oncogenes in high risk HPV Cervical CA?

Back 4

E6

E7

Front 5

HPV & Cervical CA

- E6 binds to?

- E7 binds to?

Back 5

(in alphabetical order p before R)

p53

Rb

Front 6

Cervical Carcinoma

Precancerous lesions present a CONTINUUM of?

Back 6

- morphologic change

(means won't invariably progress to CA, may regress, it won't go mild to moderate to severe)

Front 7

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Mild dysplasia histo feature

Moderate dysplasia histo feature

Severe dysplasia histo feature

Carcinoma in situ

Back 7

- involves lower 1/3 epithelia

- involves 2/3 or half of epithelia thickness

- greater than 2/3 epithelia involvement

- involves the whole thickness

Front 8

Carcinoma of the cervix

what is the most common?

age range for this carcinoma?****

Back 8

Invasive squamous cell carcinoma

40 - 45

(if you see at 30, dat sum baaadd sheet)

Front 9

Carcinoma of the cervix

Advanced cancer involves what 2 things?

What is a unique symptomtic feature in advanced CA of the Cervix?

Back 9

- contiguous structures (peritoneum, bladder, vagina, rectum, ureters-renal failure)

- distant metastases to the liver, lung and bone marrow

ureters-renal failure

Front 10

Cervical Carcinoma

microscopically, 95% of cervical CA is?

Back 10

keratinized (well differentiated)

"keratin pearls" seen
(served)

Front 11

Cervical Carcinoma

Typically, as in invasive SCC, the Cervical CA will have what gross features?

- what about histo features

Back 11

- Fungating mass extending to vagina

- keratin pearls
(served)

Front 12

Uterus is embroyologically formed how?

Back 12

Fusion of the PMS ducts

(or Mullerian duct)

Front 13

A uterine lesion will definitely present with what symptom or sign?

Back 13

- abnormal vagina bleed

Front 14

Endometrial Histo: Menstrual Cycle

- 2 major features in the MENSTRUAL phase

Back 14

- Breakdown of glands and stroma

- PMN infiltrate

Front 15

Endometrial Histo: Menstrual cycle

- Glands of Proliferative phase

- Glands of Secretory phase

Back 15

- straight
(like if you are pro on life)

- tortuous
(like you keepin' too many secrets)

Front 16

Endometrial Histo: Menstrual cycle

- Besides a straight gland, list 3 histo features of Proliferative phase

Back 16

(Pro Menstrual Stage - PMS)

- Pseudostratified columnar

- Mitotic action figures
(rapid tube gun sold separately)

- Stratification

Front 17

Endometrial Histo: Menstrual cycle

- Besides tortuous gland, list 4 histo features of Secretory phase

Back 17

(Secretive phase = SSSS)

- Spiral arteries prominent
(cuz we talkin' blood here sucka)

- Subnuclear Vacuoles

- Single layer of cells

- Stromal Decidua changes

Front 18

Endometrial Histo: Menstrual cycle

- Ovulation histo features

Back 18

- Slowing of endometrial growth

- No mitotic activity

Front 19

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

- what is usually the cause of this?

- most common condition?

Back 19

- no cause, but more like a hormone imbalance or endocrine abnormality with HPO axis

- Anovulatory cycle

Front 20

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

- Anovulatory cycle is due to?

- Biopsy?

Back 20

- prolonged Estrogen stimulation
(no progestational layer)

- Proliferative Endometrium

(no ovulation, but a lot of growing and shit. A no !)

Front 21

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

- What is the cause of Inadequate Luteal phase?

- Biopsy?

Back 21

- Inadequate corpus Luteum function
(thus a low progesterone output)

- asynchrony between chronologic date and histologic appearance of the endometrium

Front 22

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

- What is the cause of Irregular shedding

- What symptom might be presented with Irregular Shedding?

- Biopsy

Back 22

- Irregularly Prolonged functioning of the corpus luteum

- prolonged heavy bleeding at the time of menses.

- mixtures of secretory and proliferative glands on biopsy

Front 23

OCP

- describe endometrial histo changes

Back 23

- Inactive / exhausted glands

(amid)

- Decidualized stroma

Front 24

EndometrITIS

- Acute Endometritis related to what?

- Chronic Endometritis related to what?

Back 24

- retained POC
(products of contraception)

- PID

(both involve IUD)

Front 25

Endometritis

- Acute endometritis bugs

- Chronic endometritis bugs

- in patients using IUD, the infection you get is?

Back 25

- Hemolytic Streptococci & Staphylococci

- TB (maybe some chlamydia)

- Actinomyces

Front 26

Endometritis

- Endometritis shows what on biopsy?****

Back 26

- Plasma cells

- Lymphocytes

Front 27

EndometriOSIS

- define endometriosis

- very common cause of what female problem?

Back 27

- presence of endometrial

glands &/or stroma

outside the uterus

- Infertility

Front 28

EndometriOSIS

- commonly presents with?

Back 28

(not like PID as in Chronic Endometritis, but in EndometriOSIS, patients present with PID)

- Pelvic pain
- Infertility
- Dysmenorrhea

Front 29

EndometriOSIS

- Biopsy****

Back 29

Ovaries
form
Large Cystic Masses

filled with

Brown Blood Debris
(chocolate cyst)

Front 30

EndometriOSIS

- Gross****

Back 30

small foci of hemorrhage
on
serosal surface

("Powder Burns")

Front 31

Endometrial polyp

- is it malignant or benign

- associated with what drug?

Back 31

- benign

- Tamoxifen

Front 32

Endometrial Hyperplasia

- is an abnormal proliferation of endometrial _____ with an increased ________?

Back 32

- gland

- gland to stroma RATIO

Front 33

Endometrial Hyperplasia

- associated with condition?

Back 33

- Prolonged estrogen stimulation

(anovulatory or increased secretion)

Front 34

Endometrial Hyperplasia

- associated with what genetic component?

Back 34

- inactivation of PTEN

(on chromosome 10)

Front 35

Endometrial Hyperplasia

- the RISK of Carcinoma Varies with the _________****

Back 35

- Degree of Cellular Atypia

(low malignancy - simple (cystic or mild) hyperplasia)

(high malignancy - higher grade (atypical or adenomatous with atypia) hyperplasia with a greater malignant potential

Front 36

Endometrial Carcinoma

- peak incidence?****

Back 36

- 55 to 65

Front 37

Endometrial Carcinoma

- higher frequency is seen with?

Back 37

(DHOBI - i don't know what dhobi means)

- DM
- HTN
- Obesity
- Breast CA
- Infertility
(single, nulliparous, anovulatory cycles)

Front 38

Endometrial Carcinoma

- what is the genetic association?

Back 38

- p53 positive

( in the bad ones, poorly differentiated, I think)

Front 39

Endometrial Carcinoma

- most endometrial carcinoma are?

- describe the histo

Back 39

- adenocarcinomas
(ENDOMETRIOID)****

- malignant glands BACK to BACK arrangement
&
invading myometrium

Front 40

Endometrial Carcinoma

Non-Endometrioid have good or bad prognosis?

- list 2 examples

- these are treated how?

Back 40

- Poor prognosis

- Papillary Serous Carcinoma
- Papillary Clear Carcinoma

- managed as Grade III carcinomas