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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the purpose of PPP? X 3.
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1.) Produce NADPH for pathways
2.) Produce NADPH for glutathione (GSH) regeneration 3.) Produce pentoses for nucleic acid synthesis |
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What does glucose become in the PPP and what enzyme is used?
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Glucose 6 Phosphate with the help of hexokinase/glucokinase.
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When are NADPH's made?
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1.) When converting G6P to 6-Phosphogluconolactone.
2.) When converting 6-Phosphogluconate to Ribulose 5 Phosphate |
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NADPH is a competitive inhibitor of what?
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Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase
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When is CO2 made?
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When converting from 6-Phosphogluconate to Ribulose 5 Phosphate
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1.) G6PDH
2.) 6 Phosphogluconate DH 3.) Isomerase 4.) Epimerase 5.) Transketolase 6.) Transaldolase 7.) Transketolase |
Enzymes
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N2K
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Answers
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Questions
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Answers
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Structure of glutathione
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1.) Glycine
2.) Cysteine 3.) Glutamate |
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In erythrocytes, NADPH is generated only by?
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G6PDH
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How does glutathione peroxidase help with detox?
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Glutathione peroxidase will react with reduced glutathione (GSH) to convert hydrogen peroxide to water.
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How is NADPH involved in the detox reaction?
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NADPH will reduce the oxidized GS-SG into reduced GSH for the reaction to occur again.
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G6PDH has as a side effect, a resistance to what disease?
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Malaria (P. Falciparum)
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What is the purpose of microsomal cyt P-450?
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To hydroxylate non-polar drugs or xenobiotics to better excrete them.
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How does NADPH help microsomal cyt P-450 monooxygenase?
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NADPH will reduce cyt P-450 reductase which will activate it to reduce cyt P-450 which will activate it to hydroxylate non polar drugs.
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Locations of carbohydrate metabolism.
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1.) Salivary alpha amylase in mouth.
2.) Pancreatic alpha amylase in small intestine. 3.) Final digestion occurs in jejunem where mucosal cell membrane-bound enzymes work. |
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What stops salivary amylase from continuing to break down carbohydrates?
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The strong acidity of the stomach.
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What is lactate deficiency?
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The inability to cleave a disaccharide such as lactose.
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What is the result with lactate deficiency?
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Lactate will be used by the intestinal bacteria creating CO2, 2 carbon metabolite, 3 carbon metabolite, and H2.
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What are the symptoms of lactate deficiency?
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Bloating, diarrhea, and dehydration.
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What does NAD+ accept, from what, and what does it use it for?
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Accepts electron pair from oxidized intermediates for ENERGY PRODUCTION (catabolism)
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What does NADP+ accept, from what, and what does it use it for?
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Accepts electron pair from oxidized intermediates for BIOSYNTHESIS (anabolism)
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What does transketolase require?
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Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
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When you lack transketolase activity, what diseases manifest? X 2
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Beri - Beri (thiamine deficiency)
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome |
