Luther Calvin And Catholics

Front 1

Intro

Back 1

Many people tried to reform the church before the Reformation. Luther was the first to stand up by posting the 95 Thesis on the Church door in Wittenberg in 1517. Not everyone agreed with him; then came along John Calvin. After Council of Trent, Europe split by 3 philosophies: Catholicism, Lutheranism and Calvinis

Front 2

Background and Catholicism

Back 2

- Lots of Corruption in the church: nepotism, pluralism and simony
- Many previous attempts to reform the corrupt church: John Huss, Wycliffe and Erasmus
- Erasmus wrote Praise of Folly, believed that changes could be made in the RCC
- Laid the egg that Luther hatched
- Even Pope Julius II called the ecumenical council in 1512 (tried to reform but failed)
- Advocated 7 sacraments
- Had a church hierarchy and the pope was the head
- Believed in Transubstantiation

Front 3

Luther

Back 3

- Strict German Monk
- 95 Thesis on Wittenberg Castle in 1517
- Believed that "salvation was a gift from God and faith came from within" (Romans)
- Anti-Indulgences, anti-violence
- Diet of Worms
- Council of Trent
- Religious wars ended with Peace of Augsburg in 1555
- Created Schmalkaldic League (cuius regio eius religio)

Front 4

Calvin

Back 4

- Trained as Lawyer
- Set up his camp in Geneva
- Converted to Protestantism after a religious crisis
- Felt that God was calling him to Church
- Believed in Theocracy
- Wrote "Institutes of Christian Religion"
- Calvinism advocated 2 sacraments and consubstantiation (similar to Lutheranism)
- Believed in predestination
- John Knox was a Scottish friar who joined people together to revolt against the monarchy and made Calvinism the religion of the country