Love Sex And Family: Exam 2

Front 1

Gender

Back 1

Sociological and Cultural events that distinguish men and women

Front 2

Sex

Back 2

Biological characteristics that distinguish men and women.

Front 3

Sociological approach to gender

Back 3

Children are awarded for their behavior adults think is appropriate for their gender.punished for behavior that is not appropriate.

Front 4

Socialization

Back 4

the processes by which we learn the ways of a given society or social group to participate in it.

Front 5

Parental Influences

Back 5

Both children and parents influence each other. Learn appropriate gender behavior from parents. Imitation: for girls Manipulation: for boys.

Front 6

Eleanor Maccoby: peer influences

Back 6

Children's same sex peer groups reinforce gendered behaviors.

-boys and girls have different interaction styles and the influence their same sex peer groups.

-Carried on into adulthood.

Front 7

Gender Socialization: Schools, Media

Back 7

Tells us how we should act, dress, ext. and help us guide our gender preferences. Women portrayed as damsel in distres. Men always the hero.

Front 8

British toy study

Back 8

two age groups: 12-15 months 19-24 months. stereotypical toy preferences

-independent of parents preferences.

-natural choice of children to choose that toy.

Front 9

Agressive Femininity

Back 9

Slightly more aggressive females with a girly side,

-Girls that like playing sports but aren't fully a tom boy.

-Teaches girls how to stand up for themselves later in life and be a lawyer and other higher up jobs rather than being a secretary.

Front 10

Traditional Femininity

Back 10

How girls should act according to society: (girly girls womanliness and womanhood) influenced by sociological characteristics.

Front 11

Social Class

Back 11

Ordering of all persons in society according to their degree of economic resources degree and prestige.

Front 12

Stratification

Back 12

This is based on a four-tiered stratification system based on social class commonly used by sociologists when discussing inequality.

Front 13

Upper-Class Families

Back 13

Lots of wealth and power

-elite educations

-opulent lifestyle

-husbands owners of big businesses

-lower percentage of housewives in paid wage forces

Front 14

Middle-Class

Back 14

-Stable ample income

-white collar/ professional jobs

-financially secure

-college educated

-jobs with benefits (health insurance, retirement packages, vacations, etc.)

-Often both husband and wife in work force.

Front 15

Working-Class

Back 15

-Modest lifestyle

-financially insecure

-income for basic family needs

-vulnerable to layoffs

-work in low level service sector

-lack work-related benefits

Front 16

Lower-Class

Back 16

-Difficult providing basic family needs

-lowest paying positions.

-great periods of unemployment

-governmental assistance

-lack education/skills

-housing nutritional insecurity.

Front 17

Melvin Kohn Child rearing values

Back 17

We are raised with regard to where we end up in the social class system. We are socialized into our class system.

Front 18

Working Class Vs. Middle Class

Back 18

Working: obedience, conformity, cleanliness and neatness.

Middle: independence curiosity and self-control

Front 19

Annete Lareau "unequal childhoods" middle class

Back 19

"Concerted Cultivation": middle class: children are led into adult led activities such as piano lessons, theatre dance and track.etc. Parents focus on developing child's abilities.

Front 20

Annette Lareau "unequal childhoods" working clas

Back 20

"Accomplishment of natural growth"- parents provide safe loving environment, let kids be kids without forcing them to do activities or achieve their best.

-kids distrust authority figures

-develop own activities.

Front 21

Absolute Poverty

Back 21

The condition characterized by the severe deprivation of basic human needs. Can possibly endanger life.

Front 22

Relative Poverty

Back 22

Lacking the minimum amount of income needed to maintain the average standard of living in the society in which they live.

Front 23

Polarization

Back 23

a growth of job opportunities at the top and bottom of the job market but a lessening of opportunities in the middle.

Front 24

Feminization of Poverty

Back 24

Phenomenon in which represent disproportionate percentages of the world's poor.gender biases. Lone mothers are the main cause unable to support children

Front 25

Cultural lage

Back 25

notion that culture takes time to catch up with technological advances.

Front 26

Two-spirit people

Back 26

people who identify with both male and female gender roles. More common in native american cultures. Were either awed or reverend.

Front 27

How they become Two-spirited

Back 27

children became what their parents thought was two-spirited characteristics.

They would develop spiritual visions in adolescence.

Front 28

Intersexual

Back 28

a person who is born with ambiguous sexual organs

Front 29

Life Chances

Back 29

Theory created by German sociologist Max Weber. Theory in which each individual has to improve his/her quality of life.

- Life chances are positively correlated to ones socioeconomic status.

Front 30

Formal Sector

Back 30

encompasses all jobs with normal hours and regular wages and are recognized as income sources and therefore taxes must be paid.

Front 31

Informal Sector

Back 31

Encompasses all jobs that are not recognized as normal income sources, which taxes are not paid. Sometimes referred only to illegal activities.

Front 32

Mass Media on Gender

Back 32

Often tell us how we should behave and influence our beliefs and behavior regarding gender roles.

Front 33

What helps determine our social class position?

Back 33

Ascribed status: "social position acquired at birth or taken on involuntarily later in life".

Front 34

Ascribed Status is..

Back 34

beyond one's control, it includes race, ethnicity, native language, parents, socioeconomic status.

Front 35

Socioeconomic Status

Back 35

economic measure of person's work experience of a families economic and social position in relation to others.

Front 36

Achieved Status

Back 36

Social position acquired through our efforts or accomplishments or taken voluntarily.

Front 37

Structural Conditions

Back 37

societal-level which are beyond the control of any one individual.

Front 38

State of the economy

Back 38

is a structural condition

Front 39

The Economic Divide

Back 39

the state in which some families obtain more income and wealth than others do.

-family inequality has grown since the 1960s two parent families making advances while other families struggle.

Front 40

Education

Back 40

One's education level is very important to predicting one's income and family situation.