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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Family of monitor lizards |
Varanidae |
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Family of gila monsters |
Helodermatidae |
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Life span |
2 or 3 years Some 50 years or more |
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Order |
Squamata |
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2 venomous species |
Gila monster Beaded lizard |
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Organ to help them smell |
Tongue |
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Receive unoxygenated blood from right atrium |
Cavum venosum |
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Receive oxygenated blood from left atrium |
Cavum arteriosum |
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Teeth that are attached to sides of mandibles |
Pleurodontal |
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Teeth attached to biting edges of jaws |
Acrodant |
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Lizard that have keratinized tongues |
Monitor |
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Where scent particles are sent for olfaction |
Vomeronasal organ |
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Simple, J shaped |
Stomach |
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Thin walled and not as muscular as the stomach or si |
Large intestine |
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Divided into sacculations to favilitate hindgut fermentation |
Colon |
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Collects feces |
Coprodeum |
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Collect urinary waste and receive sexual structures |
Urodeum |
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Final chamber before elimination |
Proctodeum |
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Becomes swollen during breeding season and contributes to the seminal fluid |
Sexual segment |
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Where is urine stored if bladder is absent |
Distal colon |
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Breeding season is determined by |
Photoperiod Temperature Rainfall Availability of food |
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Sac like and lack erectile tissue |
Hemipenis |
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When ovulation does not occur and mature follicles remain in ovaries |
Preovulatory egg retention |
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When shelled or nonshelled ova within oviducts |
Postovulatory egg retention |
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Other term for preovul and postovul egg retention |
Follicular stasis Egg binding |
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More advanced with larger cerebrum and cerebellum. Not exceeding 1% body mass |
Brain |
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Large vascular body the protrudes into the vitreus |
Conus papillaris |
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When plasma osmotic con. is high excessive sodium and potassium is excrrted by this gland |
Nasal salt gland |
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Hollow sacs filled with faveoli more spongelike than sac like |
Lungs |
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Produce loud vocalization |
Vocal cords |
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Normally closed except during inspiration and expiration |
Glottis |
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Species that undergo autotomy posseses this structure |
Vertical fracture plane |
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Present on all verterbra except in tail |
Ribs |
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Phalangeal formula in forefoot |
23453 |
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Phalangeal formula in hindfeet |
23454 |
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One indication of good health |
Normal shedding |
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Frequency of ecdysis depends on |
Temperature Humidity State of nutrition Rate of growth |
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Reproductive hormone levels are influenced by |
Photoperiod Temperature Seasonal cycles |
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Controls normal ecdysis, control plasma and phosphorus levels |
Thyroid gland |
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Lizard thrust by both hindlimbs followed by one hindlimb rapidly swinging around in a lateral arc |
Bipedal locomotiom |
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Starts with steep dive in which lizard gathers speed then flattens out as increasing speed, aerodynamic lift |
Gliding locomotion |
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Mechanism of locomotion |
Bipedal Gliding Quadrupedal Belly dragging |
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Protein ration im diet of O and C |
18-20% |
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Protein ration in diet of H |
11-12% |
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When fat is deposited on walls of arteries from high cholesterol level |
Artherosclerosis |
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Feeding this can lead to low calcium levels |
Meat protein |
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Lizard health depends on the right balance of |
Calcium Vit D Phosphorus |
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Needed to metabolize calcium, naturally made by exposure to UV |
Vitamin D |
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Large csrnovorous lizards be fed |
Once or twice a week |
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Omnivorous lizards be fed |
Daily or every other day |
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Main source of energy in herbivores is energy produced by |
Fermentative digestion |
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Common type of cage for single lizard |
Vivarium |
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Provide a more natural environment and encourage normal behavior |
Cage accessories |
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Coated with polyurethan to prevent absorption of waste |
Homemade wooden cage |
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Usual method to raie lizard's body temo |
Basking in the sun Sun warmed objects |
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Optimum temp |
85-103 F |
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Necessary in order for lizard to properly absorb and ssimilate dietary calcium |
UV light |
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Relative humidity |
50-70% |
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Increase humidity by |
Misting lizard source Damp towel near heat sourceBath in shallow warm water Bath in shallow warm water |
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Materials used in restraint |
Leather gloves Towel or blanket |
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Evaluate eyes for |
Dryness Blepharospasm Asymmetry |
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Evaluate oral for |
Asymmetry Tooth abcess Ocular disease Trauma |
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Palpate extremeties for |
Swelling Fractures Decreased range of motion |
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Examine plantar and palmar surface for |
Pododermatitis |
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Examin tip of digits and tail for |
Dysecdysis |
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Examine spine and tail for |
Kyphosis or lordosis |
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Max. blood volume to collect |
0.5% of total body weight |
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0.5 ml is to |
100 grams |
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How many days before collection again |
5 to 10 days |
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Sites for venipuncture |
Coccygeal vein Ventral abdominal vein Jugular vein |
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Site selection depwnds on |
Size of animal Species of animal Health of animal |
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Other diagnostic procedures |
Complete blood count Hemocytometer Smear preparation Biochemistries Diagnostic imaging |
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Any microscopic precipitates found anywhere in urinary tract |
Urinary calculi |
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Species of lizard that have high incidence of cystic calculi |
Green iguana |
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Commonly associated disease in cystic calculi |
Renal failure |
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Stones are usually |
Urates since most reptiles are uricotelic |
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Therapy for cystic calculi |
Coeliotomy Cystotomy |
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Preventiom of cystic calculi |
Do not feed diets high in protein Limit foods high in purine |
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Can be ssociated wuth bacterial pathogen, often related to poor husbandry, inappropriate diet misuse of antimicrobials parasutes stress foreign bodies |
Enteritis |
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Condition due to damp and dirty environmental conditions allowing bacterial and fungal growth |
Lizard dermatitis |
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Treatment of lizard derma. |
Chlorhexidine Antibiotics Silver sulfadiazine |
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Most common in head and toes |
Skin abcesses |
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Difficulty in sloughing |
Dysedysis |
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Causes of dysecdysis |
Low humidity Ectoparasites |
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Very common disorder Under stress, immune system becomes weak |
Mouth rot |
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Bacterial infection of the blood |
Septicemia |
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Treatment for septicemia |
Antibiotics Provide warm basking site Fluid therapy |
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Protozoan infection increases thickness of intestinal and stomach inner lining |
Cryptosporidiosis |
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Treatmenr for crypto |
Supportive therapy |
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Cause fatal liver or GI disease Contaminated anima droppings |
Adenovirus |
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Treatment for adenovirus |
Force feeding Give fluids Antibiotics Quaratine for 3 months |
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Causes tissue damage created by mite that causes swelling, irritation, erythema |
Black skin disease |
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Agent if black skin disease |
Hirstiella trombidiiformis |
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Mite that has pointed protruberance at caudal end of abdomen |
Ophionyssus natricis |
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Treatment of black skin disease |
Insecticides Oral or subq ivermectin Topical insecticides |
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Cage accessories |
Tree branches, logs, artificial plants, rocks |
