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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lexicon
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-languages have distinctive features that define sounds
-string these together and find meaning =words and other "entries in the lexicon" |
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Phonotactic constraints
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languages have strict, different constraints on sound combinations
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Glottal Stop
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short stoppage with vocal folds ("vocal cords"
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Broad Level Transcription
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only represent significant sounds (what counts for meaning differences)
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Narrow Level Transcription
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represent even insignificant sounds
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Uvular Stop
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-uvula: dangles at back of your throat
-can make stops and fricatives there /q/-voiceless (no vibration) stop here |
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Historical Change
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-each generation changes langauge a bit
-these changes add up to systematic changes in the sound inventory -are often only in the past -current day speakers do not apply -linguists call historical rules 'diachronic changes' |
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"Changes" current speakers make
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-glottal stop insertion in English
-flapping in english -'synchronic changes' |
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Phonemes
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"true" building blocks to make words
(ex. /p/, /k/) NOT glottal stops |
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Continuant
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any sound made with continuous airflow
(includes vowels, fricatives, glides /w/ and /j/, but technically not nasals) |
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Fricative
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continuants that produce heavy friction
ex. /s/, /f/ |
