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189 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe life-span development? (8)
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(1)life-long process (2)multi-dimensional (3)plastic (4)multidisciplinary (5)contexual (6)involves growth but also decline (7) maintenance (8)regulation
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NAME
this is a life-long process, multi-dimensional, plastic, multidisciplinary, regulation, contexual, and involves growth but also decline and maintenance |
life-span development
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What is development?
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is the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and conts through the human life span
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NAME
this is the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and conts through the human life span |
development
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What are (3) philospohical veiws that hve shaped child development in Western society?
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(1)orginal sin (2)tabula rasa (3)innate goodness
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NAME
these include orginal sin, tabula rasa, and innate goodness |
philosphocial views that shape development in Western soceity
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Before the 12 th century, it was believed that (1)
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development only occured during childhood
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T or F
before the 12 century, it was beleived that development only occured during the childhood |
true
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What is tabula rasa?
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an idea, propsed by John Lock that children are like a "blanket tablet"
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NAME
this was an idea propsed by John Locke that children are like a "blanket tablet" |
tabula rasa
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What is innate goodness?
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the idea presented by the French philospher Jean-Jacaques Rousseau that children are inherently good
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NAME
this idea was presnted by the French philosopher Jean-Jacaues Rousseau that children are inherently good |
innate goodness
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Who came up w the idea of innate goodness?
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Jean-Jacaques Rousseau
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Jean-Jacaques Rousseau came up w the idea of (1)
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innate goodnesss
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Who come up w the idea of tabula rasa?
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John Locke
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John Locke came up w the idea of (1)
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tubula rasa
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What are (2)approaches to studying development?
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(1)traditional approach (2)life-span development
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What is the traditional approach to studying development of humans?
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studies humans from birth to adoslence
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NAME
this studies humans from birth to adolscence |
traditional approach
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What is the life-span development approach?
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studies humans throughout childhood to adulthood til the die
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NAME
this studies humans throughout all stages of life |
life-span development
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What is plasticity?
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says that we hve the capacity to change
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NAME
this says we hve the capacity to change |
plasticity
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What is context?
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is a setting where development occurs such as a school, families, peer groups, churches,cities etc
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NAME
this is a setting where development occurs such as a school, family, peer groups, churches, or cities etc |
context
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What are (3)contexual infleunces?
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(1)normative age graded influences (2)normative history graded influences (3)non-normative life events
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NAME
these include normative age graded infleunces, normative history graded influences, and non-normative life events |
contexual influences
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What are the normative age graded infleunces?
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are influences such as biological processes, sociocultural, and evironment process that indidvudals in similar age group might experience
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NAME
these are influences such as biological processes, sociocultural and evironment process that indidvuals in a similar age group might experience |
normative age graded influences
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Give an example of some normative age-graded influences? (4)
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(1)puberty (2)menopause (3)fomral education (4)retirement
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NAME
some examples of this contexual influence include puberty, menopause, formal education and retirement |
normative age-graded influences
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What is normative history graded influences?
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are common influences to people of a particular generation bc of historical circumstsances
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NAME
these are influences common to people of a particular generation bc of historical circumstances |
normative history graded infleunces
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Give an example of a normative history graded infleunce?
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911 (2)world war II
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NAME
some examples of this contexual influnec include hurrican Katrina, 911, and world war II |
normative history graded influences
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WHat is nonnormative life events?
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are unusal occurances that hve a major impact on the life of the indivudal's life
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NAME
these are unusual occurances that hve a major impact on the indivudals life |
nonnormative life events
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What are some examples of non-normative life events?
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death of a loved one, (2)pregrancy (3)fires that destory home
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NAME
some example of the contexual influences include death of a loved one, pregrancy, and fires that destory home |
nonnormative life events
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What is occupational Apartheid?
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when people's ability to engage in meaningful activities are limited
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NAME
this is when people's ability to engage in meaningful activties are limited |
occupational Apartheid
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What is eminent domain?
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says that the govt can put restrictions on housing and take house for the better good
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NAME
this says the govt can put restrictions on housing and take house for the better good |
eminent domain
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What is culture?
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are behvior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a group that are passed on from generation to generation
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NAME
are behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a group that are passed on from generation to generation |
culture
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What are cross-cultural studies?
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are a comparision of one culture w one or more other cultures
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NAME
these are comparision of one culture w one or more other cultures |
cross-cultural studies
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What is ethnicity?
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is a characterisic based on cultural hertiage, nationally characterisics, race, religion, and language
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NAME
this is a characterisic based on cultural hertiage, nationally characteristics, race, religion, and language |
ethnicity
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What does SES stand for?
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Socioecnomic status
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What is SES?
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refers to the grouping of people w similar occupational, educational, and economic characteristics
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NAME
this refers to the grouping of people w similar occupational, educational, and economic characteristics |
SES
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What is gender?
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psychological and sociocultural dimensions of being a male or female
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NAME
these are the psychological and sociocultural dimensions of being a male or female |
gender
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Give example of some eminent domain?
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displacement of miniotry groups for sporting arenas, shoping malls, city services, or factories
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Give ex of eminent domain in nashville
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the Edgehill neighborhood vs Belmont U Building Expansion Project
Belmont U. wants to use the park for recreation |
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How can eminent domain impact a community? (5)
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(1)housing (2)access to services and work (3)transportation (4)costs (5)displacement of communities
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NAME
this can result in problems w housing, access to services and work, transportation, costs, and displacement of communities |
eminent domain
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What does occupational justice focus on? (3)
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occupations (2)client centered (3)enabling and justice
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NAME
this focuses on occupations, client centered, enabling, and justice |
occupational justice
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NAME
this draws on social critque and program development |
occupational justice
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What is occupational justice based on?
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Canadian Occupational Performance
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NAME
this is based on Canadian Occupational Performance |
occupational justice
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NAME
this incorporates concepts of participation restrictions in the world health organizations International Classification of functioning |
occupational justice
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occupational justice incoprates concepts of particpation restrictions in the (1)
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world health organizations international classification of functioning
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What are the core constructs of an OT? (4)
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(1)OT’s enable occupation
(2)Collaborate with people to choose, organize, and perform occupations that are useful and meaningful in their environment (3) Human right for dignity and reciprocity in their community (4)Universal human needs – home, friendship, love |
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What are the core constructs of an OT? (4)
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(1)OT’s enable occupation
(2)Collaborate with people to choose, organize, and perform occupations that are useful and meaningful in their environment (3) Human right for dignity and reciprocity in their community (4)Universal human needs – home, friendship, love |
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as an OT you need to try to breakdown and not put up (1)
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borders
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OTs adovacate for the (1)
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speacil populations
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What are the “borders” that deny or restrict people from exercising their human right to meaningful participation in daily life?
(2) |
age (2)money
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What is social policy?
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is natl govt's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citezens
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NAME
this is a natl govt's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citzens |
social policy
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What is education a determinant of? (3)
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(1)wealth (2)health (3)well being
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NAME
this is a determinant of wealth, health, and well being |
education
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T or F
ots do not hve a social responsibility to effect changes |
false
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What is a marginalized pop?
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is a minor set of pop that doesnt hve same opportunties for occupations
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NAME
this ia minor set of pop that doesnt hve same opportunities for occupations |
marginalized pop
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NAME
this is based on occupation, holism, justice, and enablement |
OT
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What is development?
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is a pattern of change that begins at conception and conts through the life span
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NAME
this is a pattern of change that begins at conception and conts through the life span |
development
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What are (3)procosses of development?
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(1)biological (2)congitive (3)sociocemotional
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NAME
this has 3 processes:biological, cognitive, and socioemotional |
development
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What is a biological process?
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are changes in person's physical nature
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NAME
these are changes in a person's physical nature |
biological process
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What is cognitive pattern?
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are changes in an indv thought, intelligance, and language
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NAME
these are changes in indv thought, intelligance, and language |
cognitive process
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What is the socioemotional processes?
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are changes in an indv's relationships w other people, emotions, and personality
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NAME
these are changes in an indv's relationships w other people, emotions, and personality |
socioemotional processes
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As an OT is important to be aware of your (1)
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body langauge
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What is one way to be aware of ure body language?
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face the person direclty. dont turn side ways
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What are some signs that someone might hit u?
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pacing, sticks out jaw, and clenches fist
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What are some examples of some behaviors that might indicate anxiety, nervousness, and discomfort? (29)
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(1)hand wringing (2)fist clenching (3)teeth clenching (4)lip biting (5)wincing eyes (6)looking up or down, eyes closed, or staring (6)hair twirling (7)fidgeting w clothing, jewerly, or object (8)leg or foot shaking (9)finger taping (9)picking at crumbs, lint, linen or parts of body (10)blushing/flashing (11)becoming white as a ghost (12)falling asleep (13)knitting the bornw (14)hand covering mouth, face or eyes (15)arms folded (16)hands on chest or throat (17)hands in pockets (18)hands turned up or down (19)body turned away (20)legs crosssed at knees or ankles (21)sitting at edge of chair (22)trambling (23)eyes watering or filling (24)rubing (25)irregular breathing (26)shurgging or other turning or lifting of shoulders (27)gum chewing or cracking (28)raising the eyesbrows (29)smiling appropriately or inappropriately
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How can u tell if I need to be more assertive? (10)
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(1)if u hve pent up feelings or engage in constant thoughts about the person or situation (2)u avoid the situation in order meeting a particular person u are angry or fustrated w. u resent the ind for making u miss the event (3)u withdraw from an interpersonal situation and then feel anxious or resentful (4)u engage in passive agressive behavior to gain some satifisfication, to get even, or to protect your rights,. ex. burning a dinner when u didnt want to cook (5)u use symbolic or indirect hints to get ure message across then expect the person to understand (6) you engage in long phony exuses to justify your behavior, often accompanied by smiles, and general uneasiness (7)you cont to resent the person for something they did in the past (8)you put yourself down (9)you deny the importance of your feelings (10)you engage in direct aggression against the other person
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T or F
when u experience a negative behavior u do not hve the right to ask the indv to modify their behavior |
false, u do
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When asking someone to change their behavior, remeber they hve the right to (1)
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refuse you request
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an (1)message is crucial to assertive communication
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"I"
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What does "I" message help w? (3)
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allows u to give feedback about the behvior (2)reduces anger (3)presents an opportunity for personal growth on both sides
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NAME
this gives u a change to give feedback about the behavior, reduces anger, and presents an oppoturnity for personal growth on both sides |
"I"message
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whenever you enter a patient's room (1)first
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knock
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Allow clients time to express themselves by becoming comfortable w (1)
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silence
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when possible allow the client to speak (1)
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unitterped
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Always greet a patient w (1)
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smile
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be friendly but dont (1)
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gush
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if u hve diffuclty geting a point aross try (1)
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consider using pics, diagrams. or written instructions
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during treatment, always explain (1)
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what and why u are doing
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What is empathy?
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is abiltiy to understand how the other person feeling
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NAME
this is ability to understand how the other person is feeling |
empathy
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What are some therapeutic qualities? (8)
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(1)empathy (2)sensitivity (3)respect (4)warmth (5)genuiness (6)self disclosure (7)specificity (8)immediacy
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NAME
these qualities include empathy, sensitivity, respect, warmth, genuinenesss, self-disclosure, specificity, and immediacy |
therapeutic qualities
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What are some techniques for relating to clients? (8)
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(1)when trying to develop a relationship w a new patient, keep the first contact brief (2)use langauge that conveys what u mean and that will accomplish your purpose and use open questions (3)be comfortable w silence--yours and the patients (4)use minimial responses such as "go on" to show that u are listening and to encourge the patient to keep talking (5)actively listen (6)try to get the client to focus on one thing at a time (7)ask for clarification if u dont not understand something (8)promise only what u can deliver
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What are some techniques for relating to clients? (8)
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keep the first contact brief (2)use langauge that conveys what u mean and that will accomplish your purpose and use open questions (3)be comfortable w silence--yours and the patients (4)use minimial responses such as "go on" to show that u are listening and to encourge the patient to keep talking (5)actively listen (6)try to get the client to focus on one thing at a time (7)ask for clarification if u dont not understand something (8)promise only what u can deliver
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What is sensitivity?
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alertness to the cleints neeeds, and awareness of your effect on him/her
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NAME
this is alertness to the cleints needs and awareness of your effect on him/her |
sensitivity
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What is respect?
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the ability to accept the client for who they are, and treat him/her w respect
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NAME
this is the ability to accept the client for who they are treating them w respect |
respect
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What warmth?
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is the sense of friendliness, interest, and enthusiam that the practioner conveys
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NAME
this is the sense of friendless, interest, and enthusim that the practioner conveys |
warmth
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What is genuiness?
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the ability to be oneself properly
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NAME
this is the ability to be oneself properly |
genuiness
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What is self-disclosure?
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the practice of revealing things about onself....must be used in conjection w the appropriate boundries
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NAME
this is the practice of revealing things about onself....must be used in conjuction w appropriate boundaries |
self-disclosure
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What is specificity?
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the art of stating things simply, directly, concretly, focusing on only what is revealed
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NAME
this is the art of stating things simply, directly, concretely, focusing on only what is relevant |
specificity
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What is immediacy?
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the practice of giving feedback right after the event to which relates
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NAME
this is the practice of giving feedback right after the event to which relates |
immediacy
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What is transference?
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is when u relate to a person who was important in your life--negatively or postively
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NAME
this is when u relate to a person who was important in your life--negatively or postively |
transference
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What is counter transference?
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is when the other person follows into the role
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NAME
this is when the other person follows into that role |
counter transference
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What is acculturation?
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a change in the cultural behavior and thinking of an indvl or group through contact w another culture
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NAME
this is change in the cultural behavior and thinking of an indvl or group through contact w another culture |
accularation
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How are immigrants acculturated when they move to another country?
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have to learn culture..maybe English or anther language
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what acculuration experiences hve you had over the past 2 weeks since coming to Belmont U?
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driving...
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What is assimilation?
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is the process in which one group takes on the cultural and other traits of the other group
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NAME
this is the process in which one group takes on the cultural and other traits of the other group |
assimilation
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How should OTs deliver care in order to be understanding of the patients situation and context?
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pay attention to knowledge, attiudes, and skills(
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How might an OT fail to give appropriate care to patient basd on the person care? (5
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(1)directions in native langauge (2)pics (3)be aware of food restrictions (4)men undressing in front of women (5)islamic restrictions for women
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What are the components of a culture being? (3)
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(1)bioloical processes (2)cognitive processes (3)socioenconomic processes
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NAME
this has (3)components: biological processes, cognitive process, and socioconomic processes |
components of culture being
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What are socioeconomic processes?
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changes in relationships, emotions, personabiltiy and behvaiors
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NAME
are changes in relationships, emotions, personaility and behaviors |
socioencomic processes
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WHat is biological processes?
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is how we think and process info
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NAME
this is the sum total of socially inherited characteristics of a human group that comprises everything which one generation can tell, convey, or hand down to the next. we posses |
culture
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WHat are (14)examples of ethnicity?
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(1)common geographic region (2)migratory status (3)race (4)language and dialogue (5)religous faith (7)ties w transcend kindship, neighboerhoods, and community boundaries (7)literature, folklore, and music (8)shared traditions, values, and symbols (9)food preferences (9)settlement and employment patterns (10)speacil interst w regard to poltics in the homeland and the USA (11)instituations that specfically serve and maintain the group (12)an internal sense of disitinctivness (13)an internal sense of distinctiveness
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NAME
this has the following components-(1)common geographic region (2)migratory status (3)race (4)language and dialogue (5)religous faith (7)ties w transcend kindship, neighboerhoods, and community boundaries (7)literature, folklore, and music (8)shared traditions, values, and symbols (9)food preferences (9)settlement and employment patterns (10)speacil interst w regard to poltics in the homeland and the USA (11)instituations that specfically serve and maintain the group (12)an internal sense of disitinctivness (13)an internal sense of distinctiveness |
ethincity
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WHat are (14)examples of ethnicity?
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(1)common geographic region (2)migratory status (3)race (4)language and dialogue (5)religous faith (7)ties w transcend kindship, neighboerhoods, and community boundaries (7)literature, folklore, and music (8)shared traditions, values, and symbols (9)food preferences (9)settlement and employment patterns (10)speacil interst w regard to poltics in the homeland and the USA (11)instituations that specfically serve and maintain the group (12)an internal sense of disitinctivness (13)an internal sense of distinctiveness
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What is religion?
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is belief in divine or superhuman power or powers to be obeyed and worshiped as the creator and rulers of the universe and a system of beliefs, practices, and ethical values
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NAME
this is belief in divine or superhuman power or powers to be obeyed and worshiped as the creator and rulers of the universe and a system of beliefs, practices, and ethical values |
religion
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Children learn their culture's response to life events from (1)and (2)
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(1)family (2)its ethnoreligious group
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NAME
this is the family unit and the social organizations |
family
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What are the different types of family units?
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(1)nuclear (2)singe parent (3)extended family
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NAME
this has three different units--nuclear, single parent, and extended family |
family units
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What are some social barriers?
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(1)unemployment (2)homelessness (3)lack of health insurance (4)poverty (5)access to the healhcare
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NAME
some of these include unemployment, homelessness, lack of health insurance, poverty, and access to the healthcare |
social barriers
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T or F
some cultures dont enjoy noise like a quit home |
true
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What are some language differences in communication?(3)
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(1)verbal and nonverbal behaviors (2)silence (3)use of interpreters
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NAME
these include verbal and nonverabal behaviors, silence, and use of interpreters |
language differences in communication
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What are some of the different types of individual space?(4)
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(1)intimate zone-up to 1.5 feet (2)personal distance-1.5 to 4 feet (3)social distance-4 to 12 feet (4)public distance-12 ft or more
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NAME
these include intimate zone, personal distance, social distance, and public distance |
types of individual space
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NAME
this is up to 1.5 feet |
intimate zone
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nAME
this is 1.5 to 4 feet |
personal distance
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NAME
this is 4 to 12 ft |
social distance
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NAME
this 12 ft or more |
public distance
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Time can be viewed in (1)
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past, present, or future
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USA and Canada health care systems are more (1)
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futuraistic
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What are some biological variations? (5)
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(1)body build and structure (2)skin color (3)enzymatic and genetic variations (4)susceptibility to disease (5)nutritional variations
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NAME
some of these include(1)body build and structure (2)skin color (3)enzymatic and genetic variations (4)susceptibility to disease (5)nutritional variations |
biological variations
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What is environmental control?
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is the ability of members of a particular cultural group to plan activties that control nature or direct environmental factors
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NAME
this is the abiltiy of members of a particular cultural group tp plan activities that control nature or direct environmental factors |
environmental control
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Draw the cylce of poverty
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see notes
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Draw the cycle of poverty
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see notes
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During early childhood, the average child grows __________ inches.
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2.5
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Regarding brain development in early childhood, which of the following statements is TRUE?
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Increases in brain size are due to increases in the number and size of nerve endings and to myelination
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Jordan can carry a 16-pound object, kick a rolling ball, and skip, alternating feet. Given the average development of gross motor skills, in what age range is Jordan likely to be in?
A) 19 to 36 months. B) 37 to 48 months (3 to 4 years). C) 49 to 60 months (4 to 5 years). D) 61 to 72 months (5 to 6 years). |
5-6 yrs (d)
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Chan can string and lace shoelaces, cut paper following a line, string 10 beads, and copy a figure "X." Given the average development of fine motor skills, what age range is Chan likely to be in?
A) 19 to 36 months. B) 37 to 48 months (3 to 4 years). C) 49 to 60 months (4 to 5 years). D) 61 to 72 months (5 to 6 years). |
c. 4-6
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The term __________ refers to the minimum amount of energy a person uses in a resting state.
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basal metabolism rate
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What is one of the most common nutritional problems in early childhood, associated with failure to eat adequate amounts of quality meats and dark green vegetables?
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iron deficiency anemia
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Which stage of cognitive development occurs between ages 2 and 4 years and involves the child's ability to mentally represent an object that is not present?
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symbolic function substage
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In the United States, what is (are) the main cause(s) of death in children 1 through 4 years of age?
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accidents
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__________ is the focusing of attention on one characteristic of an object or situation to the exclusion of all others
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Centration
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__________ is the awareness that altering an object's appearance does not change its basic properties.
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Conservation
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__________ is Vygotsky's term suggesting that, over the course of a teaching session, the teacher should change the level of support given, to fit the student's performance level.
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Scaffolding
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Both Vygotsky and Piaget suggested that __________.
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teachers should be facilitators and guides rather than directors.
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Regarding information processing in early childhood, which of the following statements is TRU
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Significant improvements occur in short-term memory.
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Shakira understands the difference between believing and fantasizing and between intention and purpose. Which feature of the theory of mind does her understanding reflect?
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The mind exists.
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Jean Berko __________.
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conducted a classic experiment demonstrating that children understand morphological rules.
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Which of the following is NOT a component of a child-centered kindergarten?
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D) focus on the process, rather than the outcome, of learning.
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Early-childhood programs that make use of abstract paper-and-pencil activities with large groups of children are __________ and __________.
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age inappropriate; individual inappropriate
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__________ is a compensatory education program designed to provide children from low-income families with the opportunity to acquire important school success skills.
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Project Head Start
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