Lesson 9

Front 1

Chemical Name

Back 1

Chemical structure

Front 2

Side Effects

Back 2

other than desired effects

Front 3

Generic Name:

Back 3

Given by US Parmacopedia

Front 4

Trade Name

Back 4

brand or patent

Front 5

Half Life

Back 5

lenght of time when 1/2 the drug dosage is still active in the body

Front 6

Tolerance

Back 6

a condition in which the dose must be increased to obtain the desired effects

Front 7

3 Things Drugs are used for

Back 7

1) Treat disease
2) Prevention
3) Diagnose

Front 8

What info must perscriptions and orders supply?

Back 8

1) Pt name 2)Name of Med
3)Dose 4) Frequency 5)Route of admin 6)Physician sig.

Front 9

Before giving medication what should you check?

Back 9

Pt Chart for: Allergys, Hx of disease, valid order, how Pt responded to previous Tx

Front 10

Routes of admin, from fastest to slowest?

Back 10

1) IV 2) Inhaler 3) IM Intra muscular 4) Sub Q 5) Sublingual/ rectal absorbtion 6) PO (oral) 7) Topical

Front 11

Adrenergic

Back 11

Drugs that mimic the effect of epinephrine

Front 12

Vasopressor

Back 12

Drug that exerts a constricting effect on blood vessels

Front 13

Pharmaceutical

Back 13

Phase related to route of administration (the method by which a drug is delivered to the body)

Front 14

Muscarinic

Back 14

Effect of acetylcholine on smooth muscle

Front 15

Pharmacodynamic

Back 15

Phase related to mechanism of action (mechanism of action by which a drug causes its therapeutic effect)

Front 16

Absolute Contraindication

Back 16

Drug may not be given for any reason

Front 17

Leukotriene

Back 17

Compounds that produce allergice or infflammatory responses

Front 18

Mydriasis

Back 18

Effect of acetylcholine on smooth muscle

Front 19

Agonist

Back 19

Has receptor affinity and exerts an effect

Front 20

Parmocokinetic

Back 20

Phase related to metabolism of drug. Time required for: 1)Drug absorption 2) Drug action 3)Drug distribution in body 4)Metabolization and excretion of drug

Front 21

Factors that effect aerosolized drug distribution

Back 21

1 )Pt breathing pattern
2) Aerosol partical size

Front 22

Cholinergic

Back 22

Mimics the effects of acetycholine

Front 23

Antogonist

Back 23

Has receptor affinity by produces no effect

Front 24

Tachyphylaxis

Back 24

Rapidly developing tolerance

Front 25

Peak effect

Back 25

Maximum effect from drug dosage

Front 26

Medications are used for...

Back 26

1) Reverse bronchospasms 2) COPD/Asthma mgmt 3)Deliver antibiotics 4)Decrease inflammation 5) Deliver special agents

Front 27

Advantages of aersol delivery of drugs...

Back 27

1 )Immediate onset at the desired site 2)Reduced side effects from systemic absorbtion 3)smaller dose of potent drugs 4)ability of Pt to self admin meds

Front 28

Theraputic Effect:
vs.
Systemic Effect:

Back 28

Therapeutic=Lungs
Systemic=absorption into bloodstream via GI tract or pulmonary mucosa

Front 29

Three commonly recognized mechanisms for inducing bronchodilation

Back 29

1) Beta-adrenergic or sympathomimetic
2)Anticholinergic
3)Xanthines (methalxanthines)

Front 30

Sympathomimetic or Beta-adrenergic

Back 30

1) Promotes relaxation of smooth muscle by stimulating intracellular production of cAMP
2)Promotes bronchodilation via neurotransmitter norepinephrine (Adrenergics)

Front 31

Alpha (a)

Back 31

Located everywhere
-Stimulation results in vasoconstriction
-Vasopressor effect increases BP.

Front 32

Beta 1 (B1)

Back 32

-Located in the heart
-Stim results in increase HR and Increased myocardical contractility
(Inotropic agent: Increases the muscle contraction)

Front 33

Beta 2 (B2)

Back 33

Is desired effect: (Agonist)
-Located in smooth muscle of bronchi and uterus
-Relaxes bronchial s/m
-Stim. mucocilliar activity
-Mild inhibitory act on inflammatory mediator release

Front 34

Catecholamines
vs.
Non Catecholamines

Back 34

Catecholamines: Mixed B1/B2 and B1/B2/a
Non Catecholamines: B2 only

Front 35

Hazards of Bronchodilation

Back 35

-Chlorofluorocarbon:induced bronchospasm
-Dixxiness -Hypokalemia -Nausea -Tolerance -Worsening ventrilation perfusion ration (decrease PaO2)

Front 36

Sympathomimetic or B2-adrenergic

Back 36

-largest group of aerosolized meds -indication presense of reversible airway obstruction -short & long acting agents -racemic ephinephrin

Front 37

Anticholinergic Bronchodilatons (Parasympatholytics)

Back 37

-promote bronchodialation by blocking bronchonstriction
-block cholinergic: induced bronchoconstriction

Front 38

Anticholinergic Bronchodilatons (Parasympatholytics)

Back 38

1)longer onset that most beta agonist drugs 2)extended duration of effectiveness 3)useful in mgmt of COPD 4)limited usefullness in reactive airway Dx (asthma)

Front 39

Xanthines

Back 39

1)admin via IV or PO for mgmt of chronic brochospasms 2)inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3)numerous side effects & hazards drug interaction complications

Front 40

Indications for Bronchodialators

Back 40

1)presence of reversible airway obastruction 2)Mgmt of chronic bronchospasms in COPD

Front 41

Selection of Bronchodilators

Back 41

Adrenergic: rapid onset of action
Anticholinergc: mgmt of COPD

Front 42

Contraindications and side effects of bronchodilators

Back 42

Most common: tachycardia, headache, nervousness, nausea