Leik's Np Exam Tips #2

Front 1

Thiazolidinediones

Back 1

rosiglitazzone, Avandia and pioglitazone actos

Front 2

reduce peripheral tissue resistance and reduces hepatic glucagon production, take with a meal

Back 2

TZD's

Front 3

TZD's need LFT's T/F

Back 3

true

Front 4

sulfonylureas

Back 4

diabenase diabeta glipizide and glyburide

Front 5

stimulates the pancreas to secrete more insulin

Back 5

Sulfonyureas

Front 6

adverse rxn of S/U's

Back 6

hypoglycemia, photosensitivity and gi symptoms

Front 7

biguanides

Back 7

metofrmin, glucophage

Front 8

decreases gluconeogenesis and decreases peripheral insulin resistance, preferred for obese patients

Back 8

metformin

Front 9

MEtformin contraindicated in

Back 9

renal dx, alcoholics renal insufficiney , risk for lactic acidoses

Front 10

inhibits the enzyme alpha-glucosidase in small intestine which reduces cho absorption

Back 10

acarbose precose

Front 11

repaglinide

Back 11

nonsulfonylurea drug

Front 12

indicated for DM2 with postprandial hyperglycemia

Back 12

repaglinide or prandin

Front 13

when to take prandin

Back 13

30 minutes before /with or 30 minutes after

Front 14

can you use oral antidiabetic drugs on type 1 dm

Back 14

no

Front 15

contraindications to oral antidiabetic drugs

Back 15

modorate to severe heart dz or heart failure may precipitate CHF

Front 16

complications of DM :eyes

Back 16

cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, blindness

Front 17

complications of DM: CV

Back 17

hyperlipidemia, CAD, MI HTN

Front 18

Complications of DM: kidney

Back 18

renal dz, renal failure

Front 19

complication of DM: Feet

Back 19

ulcers, skin infections peripheral neuropathy amputation

Front 20

complications of DM: gyn/gu

Back 20

balanitis, candidal vaginitis

Front 21

elevation in fasting BG early in the AM due to physiologic spike in growth hormone, glucagon and epinephrine and cortisol

Back 21

dawn phenomenon,

Front 22

severe nocturnal hypoglycemia stimulates counterregulatory hormones such as glucagon to be released from liver resulting in high FBS by 7 am

Back 22

somogy effect decrease pm dose

Front 23

elderly patient with acute onset of severe eye pain accompained by severe headache, tearing, photophobia, N/V and blurred vision, oval shaped pupil mid dilated and cloudy

Back 23

acute angle closure glaucoma emergency

Front 24

cauliflower like growth accompanied by foul smelling ear discharge. hearing loss on affected ear hx of chronic OM infections

Back 24

cholesteatoma

Front 25

bruise behind ear

Back 25

battle sign basilar skull fx

Front 26

clear golden fluid d/s from nose/ear

Back 26

basilar skull fx, positive for glucose

Front 27

severe sore throat and difficulty swallowing, odonophagia, trismus and hot potato voice

Back 27

peritonsillar abscess ER

Front 28

sore throat, fever amd markedly swollen neck, low grade fever hoarsness and dysphagia. gray to yellow coating

Back 28

diptheria very contagious

Front 29

eye: fundi

Back 29

veins larger than arteries

Front 30

eye: cone

Back 30

color perception

Front 31

eye: rod

Back 31

detecting light, depth perception, night vision

Front 32

eye: Macula and fovea

Back 32

central vision

Front 33

eye: cobblestoning

Back 33

inner conjunctive with midly elevated lymphoid tisssue

Front 34

ears: Tympanmic membrane

Back 34

translucent off white to gray color with the cone of light intact

Front 35

most objective measure for presence of fluid inside middle ear

Back 35

tympanogram

Front 36

pale bony protuberance midline of the hard palate which may be asymmetrical

Back 36

torus palatinus

Front 37

uvula is split into two sections ranging from partial to complete

Back 37

fishtail or split uvula

Front 38

a few beats of nystagmus on prolonged extreme lateral gaze that resolve when the eye moves back toward midline is normal

Back 38

nystagmus

Front 39

optic disc swollen with blurred edges due to increased ICP secondary to bleeding, brain tumor , abscess

Back 39

papilledema

Front 40

copper and silver wire arterioles

Back 40

HTN retinopathy

Front 41

microvascularizations and microanuerysms

Back 41

diabetic retinopathy

Front 42

opacity of the corneas

Back 42

cataracts

Front 43

blue tinges or pale and swollen(boggy) turbinates

Back 43

allergic rhinitis

Front 44

elgated papilla on the lateral aspects of tongue

Back 44

hairy leukoplakia

Front 45

a bright white plaque caused by chronic irritation of chewing tobacco

Back 45

leukoplakia of oral mucosa

Front 46

mucosal lining inside the mouth

Back 46

buccal mucosa

Front 47

mucosal lining inside the eyelids

Back 47

palpebral conjunctiva

Front 48

mucosal lining covering the eyes

Back 48

bulbar conjunctiva

Front 49

Ishihara chart

Back 49

color blindness

Front 50

number of feet that a patient can see compared to a person with normal vision

Back 50

bottom number

Front 51

20/200

Back 51

legal blindness

Front 52

place the tuning fork midline on forehead

Back 52

weber test

Front 53

no laterilization of weber

Back 53

normal finding

Front 54

damage to corneal epithelium due to hsv secondary to shingle

Back 54

herpes keratitis

Front 55

complains of acute onset of eye pain, photophobia, and blurred vision of the affected eye. herpetic rash on side of temple and on tip of nose

Back 55

herpes keratitis ER

Front 56

diagnosis for herpes keratitis

Back 56

fluorescein dye strips in black lamp, fern like lines

Front 57

are steroid opthalmic drops good for herpes keratis

Back 57

NO worsen it

Front 58

painful acute bacterial infection of hair follicle on eye

Back 58

hordeolum (stye)

Front 59

tx for hordelum

Back 59

antibiotic drops sulfa, gent warm packs

Front 60

gradual onset of small superficial nodule that is discrete and movable on upper eyelid feels like a bead. painless can enlarge over time

Back 60

chalzaion