Lehne: Pharmacology Adn1 Test 3-Chapter-6-Drug Interactions

Front 1

• Some drug-drug interactions are:

Back 1

intended and beneficial; others are
unintended and detrimental.

Front 2

• Drug-drug interactions may result in:

Back 2

intensified effects,
diminished effects, or
entirely new effects

Front 3

• Drug interactions occur frequently because:

Back 3

many patients take more than one drug

Front 4

• Potentiative interactions are beneficial when:

Back 4

they increase therapeutic effects and detrimental when they increase adverse effects.

Front 5

• Inhibitory interactions are beneficial when:

Back 5

they decrease adverse effects and detrimental when they decrease beneficial effects.

Front 6

• Because drugs can interact in solution, never combine two or more drugs in the same container unless:

Back 6

you are certain that a direct interaction will not occur.

Front 7

• Pharmacodynamic interactions are of two basic types:

Back 7

(1) interactions in which the interacting drugs act at the same site and
(2) interactions in which the interacting drugs act at separate sites.

Front 8

Pharmacodynamic interactions may be:

Back 8

potentiative or inhibitory.

Front 9

interactions can result in:

Back 9

increased or decreased absorption.

Front 10

• Competition for protein binding rarely results in:

Back 10

a sustained or significant increase in plasma levels of free drugs.

Front 11

• Pharmacokinetic interactions may alter the:

Back 11

absorption,
distribution,
metabolism, or
excretion of the other drug

Front 12

• Drugs that induce hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes can:

Back 12

accelerate the metabolism of other drugs

Front 13

• When an inducing agent is added to the regimen, it may be necessary to:

Back 13

increase the dosages of other drugs. Conversely,
when an inducing agent is discontinued, dosages of other drugs may need to be reduced.

Front 14

• A drug that inhibits the metabolism of other drugs will:

Back 14

increase their levels. Sometimes the result is beneficial, but usually it is detrimental.

Front 15

• Drugs that act as antagonists at a particular receptor will:

Back 15

diminish the effects of drugs that act as agonists at that receptor.
The result may be beneficial (if the antagonist prevents toxic effects of the agonist) or
detrimental (if the antagonist prevents therapeutic effects of the agonist).

Front 16

• Drugs that are toxic to the same organ should not be:

Back 16

combined (if at all possible).

Front 17

• We can help reduce the risk of adverse interactions by minimizing:

Back 17

the number of drugs the patient is given and by taking a thorough drug history

Front 18

• Food may reduce the rate or extent of drug absorption.:

Back 18

Reducing the extent of absorption reduces peak therapeutic responses;
reducing the rate of absorption merely delays the onset of effects

Front 19

• For some drugs, food may:

Back 19

increase the extent of absorption

Front 20

• Grapefruit juice can inhibit the intestinal metabolism of certain drugs, thereby:

Back 20

increasing their absorption, which in turn increases their blood levels.

Front 21

• Grapefruit juice can inhibit the intestinal metabolism of certain drugs by inhibiting:

Back 21

CYP3A4, an isoenzyme of cytochrome P450 found in the liver and the intestinal wall.

Front 22

. The combination of an MAO inhibitor with tyramine rich food is the classic example of:

Back 22

• Foods that may increase drug toxicity

Front 23

• When the medication order says to administer a drug on an empty stomach, this means:

Back 23

administer it either 1 hour before a meal or 2 hours after.

Front 24

• Conventional drugs can interact with herbal preparations. The biggest concerns are:

Back 24

increased toxicity and reduced therapeutic effects of the conventional agent.