Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are some commonly accepted traits of a profession?
|
1. Provides services vital to human and social welfare.
2. Has its own special body of knowledge which it builds its skills and services 3. Involves essentially intellectual operations 4. Activities involve high levels of individual responsibility 5. Educates its members in institutions of higher education 6. Establishes and controls its own policies and activities 7. Members have a relatively high degree of independence in practice 8. Attracts individuals whose primary motives are service, not gain 9. Members see at as their life's work 10. Has a code of ethics that guides the conduct of its practitioners 11. Has a professional organization that fosters and insures quality of practice |
|
|
Is nursing a profession and if not in what area is it lacking as a profession?
|
Nursing is pretty close to being a profession, but the one area that makes it lacking is at the educational level. Until the entry level for nursing is a BSN degree, it will be hard to claim nursing as a profession. The public also, does not see nursing as a profession.
|
|
|
What are some historical events that have had a major influence on nursing?
|
During the Crimean War, Florence Nightingale studied methods to improve battlefield sanitation. She reduced illness, infection, and mortality.
|
|
|
When did Nightingales school of nursing open?
|
The Nightingale school of nursing opened in 1860. Nightingale brought about major reforms in hygiene, sanitation, and nursing practice.
|
|
|
During which war was the growth of nursing stimulated?
|
The Civil war between 1860 and 1865, stimulated the growth of nursing.
|
|
|
In 1923, the Goldmark report was issued, what did it state?
|
The Goldmark report stated that nursing education needed increased financial support and suggested that university schools of nursing should receive the money. At this time the schools of nursing where through the hospitals. The hospitals were using the nursing students to staff the night shift.
|
|
|
Who is responsible for the introduction of the Associates Degree Nurse?
|
In the 50's, Mildred Montag came up with a proposal of Associates Degree Nursing. A nurse can be trained efficiently and effectively in a two year community college setting. College administrators saw it as a valuable asset for their colleges.
|
|
|
How does the Baccalaureate degree program differ from the Associate degree program?
|
The BSN is 4 years in length. The BSN focuses on the basic sciences and on theoretical and clinical courses, as well as courses in the social sciences, arts, and humanaties to support nursing theory.
|
|
|
In the 80's, what did the ANA see as a minimum requirement for entry into practice?
|
The ANA released a statement that entry into practice for nursing should be a Baccalaureate degree
|
|
|
What does the NLNAC (National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission) do?
|
The NLNAC accredits nursing programs. If a school has this accreditation they have gone the extra mile. TMCC has this.
|
|
|
What are the roles of the nurse?
|
Autonomy and accountability, caregiver, advocate, educator, communicator, manager.
|
|
|
What is a nurse practice act?
|
- Governs the practice of nursing
- Authorizes state boards of nursing to interpret legal boundaries of state nursing practice |
|
|
What are some locations where a nurse can practice?
|
Acute care hospitals, Community based sites (grant funded schools, HAWK clinic, TPC, Store front clinics), outpatient clinics, ambulatory surgery centers, Adult day care, home health care, hospice, crisis intervention centers.
|
|
|
What is a good definition of health?
|
A process through which a person seeks equilibrium that promotes stability and comfort. It is a dynamic process and varies depending upon a persons well being
|
|
|
What are two terms and their definitions that are almost always associated with the various health models?
|
1. Homeostasis: Balance between all states, physical and social
2. Adaptation: The process by which we achieve homeostasis |
|
|
What is the definition of a health belief model?
|
It addresses the relationship between a person's beliefs and behaviors. It provides a way of understanding and predicting how clients will behave in relations to their health and how they will comply with health care therapies.
|
|
|
What are some models of health examples from lecture?
|
Variables influencing health, presence or absence of symptoms, ability to function, physical and emotional status, social relationships, intellectual and spiritual aspects, cultural, lifestyle, beliefs and attitudes
|
|
|
What are the three levels that health can be divided in to?
|
Primary, secondary, and tertiary.
(Go figure) |
|
|
Describe the functions of the primary level of health?
|
1. Primary is to promote wellness, promote health and to protect against specific illness via:
Teaching - lifestyle modification Immunizations Referrals |
|
|
Describe the secondary level of health?
|
The secondary level treats early stages of a disease to limit its increase. Intervene to detect disease, alleviate it, and prevent disability via:
Screenings, acute care, surgery |
|
|
Describe the tertiary level of health?
|
Restorative and rehabilitative activities for optimal functioning via:
Retraining, education, direct care, environmental changes such as wheelchairs. This is not diagnostic but more rehabilitative. |
|
|
What are risk factors?
|
A risk factor is any situation, habit, social or environmental condition, physiological or psychological condition, developmental or intellectual condition, or spiritual or other variable that increases the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident. An understanding of risk factors, behavior, risk factor modification, and behavior modification are integral components of health promotion, wellness, and illness prevention activities. Nurses in all areas of practice often have opportunities to assist clients in adopting activities to promote health and decrease risks of illness.
|
|
|
Risk factors can include things such as what?
|
Risk factors can be placed in the following interrelated categories: genetic and physiological factors, age, physical environment, and lifestyle.
|
|
|
People who are ill generally act in a way that medical sociologists call illness behavior. What are two things that illness can affect?
|
Illness can affect functioning - physical and mental. It involves how people monitor their bodies, define and interpret their symptoms, take remedial actions, and use the health care system.
|
|
|
What is the definition of an acute illness?
|
An acute illness usually has a short duration and is severe. The symptoms appear abruptly, are intense, and often subside after a relatively short period. An acute illness may affect functioning in any dimension.
6 months or less |
|
|
What is the definition of a chronic illness?
|
A chronic illness persists, usually longer than 6 months, and can also affect functioning in any dimension. The client may fluctuate between maximal functioning and serious health relapses that may be life threatening. A person with a chronic illness is similar to a person with a disability in that both have limitations (of varying degrees) in function resulting from either a pathological process or an injury.
6 months or longer throughout life. Involves persons and family |
|
|
How do some people define themselves?
|
Some people define themselves in terms of their illness. Illness is not an isolated event it affects client and family - self concept and family dynamics
|
|
|
What has been one of the most significant factors affecting the health care industry?
|
As a result of research, in 1983 the Medicare prospective payment system has been one of the most significant factors affecting the health care industry.
|
|
|
Medicare payments were based on what?
|
Medicare payments were based on flat rates per admission based on Diagnosis Related groups.
|
|
|
Managed care is a result of what?
|
Managed care is a result of the HMO act of 1973.
|
|
|
What is the purpose of managed care?
|
Purpose is to provide comprehensive preventative and treatment services to a specific group of enrollees. It is done within a prepaid system offering incentives to contain costs and unnecessary use of services.
|
|
|
What are the 6 types of health care services?
|
1. Preventative: health promotion, protection against disease education and prevention
2. Primary care: Routine care early detection and intervention - screening, acute care, surgery. 3. Secondary care: ER Acute care, elaborate DX and TX 4. Tertiary care - specialized care in a large geographical area 5. Restorative care - rehab F/U surgical care and medical care, home care 6. Continuing care - LTG, chronic care, hospice, aged care |
|
|
What is still the nucleus of the health care delivery?
|
The acute care setting is still the nucleus of health care delivery.
|
