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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do the kidneys regulate? |
Plasma ionic composition Plasma volume plasma osmolarity plasma pH |
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What do the kidneys remove? |
Metabolic wastes products and foreign substances from plasma |
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What do the kidneys secrete? |
Erythropoetin and renin |
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What is gluconeogenesis? |
Producing glucose from non glucose precursors |
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What is the functional unit of the kidneys? |
The nephron |
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What are the functions of the kidneys? |
Filtration Reabsorption Secretion Excretion |
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What are components of the renal corpuscle? |
The glomerulus and Bowman's Capsule |
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What is the glomerulus? |
A capillary bed |
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How does blood enter and leave the glomerulus? |
The afferent arteriole and the efferent arteriole |
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What gets filtered out of the glomerulus? |
Water Glucose Ions/Electrolytes Amino Acids Bicarbonate, protons Wastes (creatinine, urea) |
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What doesn't get filtered out at the glomerulus? |
Albumins RBCs |
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What is the function of albumins and RBCs? |
They maintain osmolarity and transport oxygen |
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What are factors governing filtration rate at the capillary bed? |
Net filtration pressure Total membrane surface area available Filtration membrane permeability (podocytes) |
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What is net filtration pressure? |
The total amount of pressure acting on filtration at the glomerulus |
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What drives filtration? |
Hydrostatic pressure |
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What happens to rate of filtration if there is more surface area on the membrane? |
More filtration occurs |
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What happens if there is smaller spaces between podocytes on the membrane? |
Less filtration |
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How does blood move into the glomerulus? |
The afferent arteriole |
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How does blood leave the glomerulus? |
The efferent arteriole |
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How does fluid move in the glomerulus? |
Fluid moves from high to low pressure |
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Where is pressure highest in the nephron? |
The glomerulus |
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What is the amount of pressure in glomerular hydrostatic pressure? |
About 55 mmHg |
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What happens to glomerular hydrostatic pressure as MAP increases? |
Glomerular hydrostatic pressure increases |
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What is the relationship between MAP and glomerular hydrostatic pressure? |
MAP is directly proportional to glomerular hydrostatic pressure |
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What is the amount of pressure in blood colloid pressure? |
About 30 mm Hg |
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Between the blood and filtrate, which has more osmotic pressure? |
The blood because they contain RBC and albumin + components in filtrate |
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What generates osmotic pressure? |
Solutes |
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What is the amount of pressure of capsular hydrostatic pressure? |
About 15 mm Hg |
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What is capsular hydrostatic pressure? |
Hydrostatic pressure that builds up inside the Bowman's Capsule |
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What happens when fluid volume builds up in the capsule? |
Pressure increases and H2O wants to go back to the glomerulus |
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Where does the net flow of fluid go? |
Net flow of fluid goes out of the glomerulus |
