Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the charge of an electron?
|
-1
|
|
|
What is the charge of a neutron?
|
neutral or zero charge
|
|
|
What is the charge of a proton?
|
+1
|
|
|
Where are electrons found in an atom?
|
Floating outside of the nucleus
|
|
|
Where are neutrons found in an atom?
|
Within the nucleus
|
|
|
Where are protons found in an atom?
|
Within the nucleus
|
|
|
What is the difference between an ion and an isotope?
|
An ion is an atom with a + or - electric charge and an isotope has the same # of protons but different # of neutrons.
|
|
|
What is an atom?
|
Smallest particle of an elemental substance and is composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
|
|
|
What is an element?
|
One of a limited number of unique varieties of matter that composes substances of all kinds such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, etc.
|
|
|
What is a molecule?
|
2 or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
|
|
|
ENERGY
|
The capacity to do work. May be Kinetic energy (movement), or Potential energy (stored).
|
|
|
Types of energy relevant to the study of A&P
|
Chemical (Potential energy): contained in chemical bonds- ATP.
Mechanical (Kinetic): involved in moving matter motion. Electrical: movement of charged particles such as in Nerve impulses. Radiant: travels in waves such as in light, vision, and sweat. |
|
|
What elements primarily comprise the human body?
|
Carbon
Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus Sulfur |
|
|
What are some of the other elements necessary for life?
|
Calcium
Chloride Iodine Iron Magnesium Potassium Sodium |
|
|
Atomic Number
|
# of protons
|
|
|
Mass Number
|
# of protons and neutrons
|
|
|
Atomic Mass
|
How much an atom weighs
|
|
|
Ionic Bond
|
A WEAK type of chemical bond formed by electrons beings transfered between atoms. Forms a nice crystal structure and any SALT chemical is held together by this type of bond.
|
|
|
Covalent Bond
|
The sharing of electrons between atoms. More stronger than ionic and the more electrons being shared- the stronger the bond.This is the STRONGEST type of bond!!
|
|
|
Hydrogen Bond
|
The WEAKEST type of bond in which a hydrogen atom forms a bridge between two electron-hungry atoms. An important intramolecular bond due to the polarity.
|
|
|
Define Polarity as it refers to chemical bonds
|
The distribution of an electrical charge over the atoms joined by the bond.
|
|
|
Non-Polar
|
Electrons shared equally between atoms.
Ex:Carbon Dioxide |
|
|
Polar
|
Unequal sharing of electrons or a pull to one side.
Ex: Water |
|
|
Describe how the # of electrons in the valence shell of an electron effects chemical reactivity
|
When the outer shell is NOT full it is an unstable molecule and is very reactive.
|
|
|
Electrolyte
|
Ionic compound that conducts an electrical current in a solution. Ex: NaCl in water (aka: salt water)
|
|
|
Define Solution and give an example
|
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
Ex: salt water |
|
|
Define Solute and give an example
|
The substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Ex: the salt in salt water |
|
|
Define Solvent and give an example
|
A liquid in which something is dissolved.
Ex: the water in salt water |
|
|
What are the three basic types of chemical reactions? Give examples of each and are they anabolic or catabolic?
|
1. Addition (A+B-> AB)
- produces water - anabolic - Ex: amino acids form a protein molecule 2. Decomposition (AB-> A+B) - requires water - catabolic - Ex: the breakdown of glycogen to release a glucose molecule 3. Exchange(AB+CD>AD+CB) - switches parts - Ex: ATP energy |
