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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the *best* way to test hearing?
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audiogram
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T/F: values greater than 25 dB are normal on an audiogram
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False
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what is the air conduction equation?
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A + B = C
A: middle ear happenings B: bone conduction C: air conduction (total) |
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what are the sound conducting parts of the ear?
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pinna, ear canal, eardrum, ossicles
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the ________ for a tone is the lowest hearing level at which it can be heard for at least 50% of the presentations
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threshold
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pure tone average (PTA) is based on air conduction thresholds as what 3 frequencies?
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500 Hz, 1K Hz, 2K Hz
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crossover occurs at ___ for air conduction and ___ for bone conduction
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40 dB, 0 dB (immediate)
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T/F: bone conduction stimulates both cochleae simultaneously
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true
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when should you use masking?
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when there is an air-bone gap greater than 10 dB
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what does conductive hearing loss look like on an audiogram?
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bone is normal, air is low (air-bone gap usually from fluid)
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what does sensorineural hearing loss look like on an audiogram?
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air & bone BOTH low (no gap)
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which hair cells do you lose with old age?
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outer
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high frequencies help your brain differentiate between what in a social setting?
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foreground vs. background sounds
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what is the speech threshold?
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lowest level at which 50% of spondees (2-syllable words) are understood (should be within 5-10 dB of PTA)
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where does speech processing begin?
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auditory nerve
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the speech discrimination score (SDS) indicates the function of what?
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auditory nerve
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what does poor word discrimination with good PTA usually indicate?
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retrocochlear hearing loss (ex: acoustic neuroma)
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tympanometry measures the _____ of the eardrum
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compliance
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what is a type Ad tympanogram?
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off the charts, too mobile, dislocation
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what is a type As tympanogram?
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too low, shallow
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what is a type B tympanogram?
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flat line, no movement (water skiing!!)
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what does an ear canal volume less than 2.5cc represent?
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otitis media
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what does an ear canal volume greater than 5cc represent?
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perforation
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what is a type C tympanogram?
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shifted left, TM moves at negative pressure, retracted
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what 2 cranial nerves are involved in the acoustic reflex arc?
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aff- CN VIII
eff- CN VII- 2nd branch- stapedius |
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T/F: sound in 1 ear only affects the stapedius in that ear
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false (both affected)
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what is the most common cause of conductive hearing loss in a normal appearing ear without a history of trauma or infection?
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otosclerosis
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normal audiogram except at 4 kHz indicates what?
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noise induced hearing loss
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what kind of test could you run on an infant or unconscious patient?
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auditory brainstem response (ABR)
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what are the 5 ABR waveforms?
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"E COLI"
I- 8th N II- cochlear nucleus III- superior olivary nucleus IV- lateral lemniscus V- inferior colliculus |
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a weber exam localizing to the right ear indicates what 2 possibilities?
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1. fluid in R ear
2. deaf in L ear |
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what 4 nerves are in the internal auditory canal?
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2 vestibular, 1 auditory, 1 facial
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acoustic neuroma forms from what types of cells?
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schwann cells
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what 2 bones make up the "ice cream cone" on the CAT scan of the temporal bone?
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"ice cream"= malleus
"cone" = incus |
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T/F: most longitudinal fractures are associated with CHL while most transverse fractures are associated with CN VII paralysis
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true
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what causes benign positional vertigo (BPPV)?
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crystals are slower than endolymph, freaks brain out, eyes nystagmus
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