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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Q; What are the 4 levels of involvement? |
1) Substance Use - ingestion of psychoactive drug in moderate amounts that does not majorly interfere w/ functioning 2) Intoxication - impaired judgement, mood changes, lowered motor ability that occur w/ excessive use 3) Substance Abuse - pattern of use of harmful substance that interferes w/ functioning 4) Substance Dependence (addiction) - psychological and physiological dependence on substance |
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Q; What are the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for substance-use disorder (Only need to name 2). |
At least 2 of the following within a12-month period and cause significant impairment or distress •Strongdesire, craving or urge to use•Useinterferes with functioning •Usecontinues despite harmful personal/social/interpersonal effects •Participationin activities avoided or reduced due to use•Usemay occur in hazardous situations •Tolerancedevelops •Withdrawalpresent |
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Q; What is type of substance is Alcohol and what is the pathway in the body? |
A; depressant A; Enters mouth, travels to stomach from esophagus then absorbed in stomach. Also travels to small intestine where it is absorbed into blood stream, gets distributed to almost every major organ |
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Q; What is Alcohol poisoning? |
Large and rapid consumption which results in; a) impaired breathing b) coma c) death |
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Q; Give three examples of depressants |
1) Sedatives 2) Hypnotics 3) Anxiolytics |
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Q; Describe opioids (where they came from, what they do and what they can lead to) |
A; came from opium poppy ~ natural and synthetic opioids A; cause drowsiness, euphoria ~ considered gateway drug A; tolerance builds, withdrawal = severe overdoses can occur |
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Q; What are stimulants and what do they do? |
A; most common psychoactive drug A; ex. caffeine, nicotine, cocaine A; speeds up CNS |
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Q; What are hallucinogens? |
A; produce vivid sensory experiences that vary from person to person (good/ bad trips) A; less addictive but tolerance can develop quickly |
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Q; What are the prevalance and effects of weed? |
A; 4% of population uses it A; produces euphoria, tranquility - mild sensory distortions A; considered 'gateway drug' - can cause withdrawal |
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Q; What are the effects of Nicotine and Tobacco? |
A; commonly associated w/ smoking A; releases acetylcholine and dopamine - tolerance, and dependence are associated |
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Q; What are inhalants? |
A; intoxication due to vapors found in household products - common among younger people - impairments in judgement, euphoria, dizziness - can result in stroke or sudden heart failure |
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Q; What are the Biological Causes of Stress-Related Disorders? |
A; Genetic
- genes that influence ALDH - ex. DrD2 gene - reward circuit |
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Q; What are the Psychological Causes of Substance Related Disorders? |
A; Psychological - positive reinforcement - negative ^ - expectancy effect - childhood maltreatment - behavioral under control - coping w/ life events |
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Q; What are the social and sociocultural causes of substance related disorders? |
A; victimization - permissive family and friends - adolescence and college advertising ex. "It's so fun! Try it!" |
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Q; What are some treatments to substance-related disorders? |
A; self-help groups (group therapy) - remove drug from system - increase understanding of factors |
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Q; What are some medication treatments to Substance Related Disorders? |
A; •Agonistsubstitution - Providinga safer drug that has chemical makeup similar to the addictive drug •Antagonisttreatment - providinga drug that blocks the action of the addictive drug •Aversivetreatment -Providinga drug that produces unpleasant effects when addictive drug is used |
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Q; What are some psychological treatments to substance related disorders? |
A; •12-stepprograms (See textbook) •Controlleduse (e.g. Controlled drinking) •ComponentTreatment•“treatmentpackage” combines medication and psychological treatment •Ex.Aversion therapy – substance use paired with unpleasant stimuli•Ex.Contingency management – reward positive behaviours (e.g. having negative urinetests) )•Ex.Community reinforcement – focuses on role of interpersonal relationships•Relapseprevention |
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Q; what are 3 examples of feeding disorders? |
A; 1) Pica ~ eating of inedible items (ex. button, coin) 2) Rumination Disorder ~ regurgitation of food 3) Avoidant ~ lack of interest in food |
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Q; What are the causes of Eating Disorders? |
A; Genetic ~ tends to run in families, genes influence availability of dopamine - ghrelin and lepin A; Psychological ~ low self esteem, low satisfaction, perfectionism, abuse |
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Q; What are some treatments of Anorexia? |
A; Weight gain, CBT, family therapy |
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Q; What are some treatments of Bulimia and Binge-Eating Disorders? |
A; CBT and focusing on factors that cause binges |
