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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which process generally is the cause for production of recombinant offspring for two genes on the same chromosome? |
crossing over between homologous chromosomes |
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The ability of an individual heterozygous for two different genes to produce its four gamete types in equal numbers reflects Mendel's Law(s) of |
Segregation and Independent Assortment. |
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Linked genes are |
genes that do not sort independently due to their being physically near each other on the same chromosome |
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Mendel studied what he called characters and traits. What is the relationship between these terms? |
Characters were heritable characteristics; traits were variations of characters |
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A cross is done between parents with genotypes aaBbCc and aaBbcc. What is the probability that offspring will have the same phenotype as the first parent? Assume that capital letters indicate dominant alleles and lower case letters indicate recessive alleles. |
3/8 |
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You have type O blood (genotype ii). Who can you donate blood to in an emergency? |
types A, B, AB, and O |
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The key difference between incomplete dominance and codominance is |
with incomplete dominance it is possible to detect the expression of a recessive allele; in codominance, both alleles contribute equally to the phenotype. |
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A woman with normal blood clotting mates with a man who has hemophilia. Their first child is a boy who has hemophilia. Tests show that the father and son both have the same form of hemophilia, that it is X-linked, and that the boy has normal genetic inheritance. You can predict that if the couple produces more children together, then the odds are that |
half of the boys and half of the girls will have hemophilia. |
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Your father has type B blood. Your mother has type O blood. You get tested and learn that your blood is also type O. What does this tell you? |
Your father's genotype is IBi and your mother's genotype is ii. |
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You cross a pink snapdragon (CRCW) with a white snapdragon (CWCW). What percentage of the progeny will be red? |
0% |
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The different alleles in human blood type are a demonstration of |
dominance and codominance |
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If two genes are linked on the same chromosome, then |
the closer they are to each other the less crossing over occurs between them |
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Which of the following conditions would most likely lead to an apparently normal human female? a. cri-du-chat b. Klinefelter syndrome c. Triple-X syndrome d. Turner syndrome e. Down syndrome |
c. Triple-X syndrome |
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Which of the following is NOT one of Mendel's hypotheses to explain the results of his P, F1 and F2 crosses? a. Adult plants carry a pair of genes that will determine the inheritance of each allele. b. Adult plants always have traits that are governed by a single pair of alleles, but the number of possible alleles varies with each trait. c. The pairs of alleles separate in the formation of gametes so that each gamete gets one allele of the pair. d. If an adult plant has two different alleles, one is recessive to the other. e. If an adult plant has two different alleles, one is dominant over the other. |
b. Adult plants always have traits that are governed by a single pair of alleles, but the number of possible alleles varies with each trait. |
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Nondisjunction refers to |
failure of homologous pairs or sister chromatids to separate during meiosis. |
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If the probability of X occurring is 1 in 4, and the probability of Y occurring is 1 in 5, the probability of both occurring is |
(1/4)(1/5) = 1/20. |
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If your mother and father are both heterozygous for Huntington disease, which is caused by a dominant allele, the odds of your having the disorder are |
3/4 |
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A parent has a genotype of RrYy. What is the probability of having a gamete with the RY genotype? |
1/4 |
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In cells of human individuals with three or more X chromosomes |
one X chromosome remains active and the rest are inactivated. |
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An individual who is a carrier of a genetically inherited disease |
does not have the disease but may have offspring with the disease. |
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If a hypothetical human female of genotype XX had no Barr body in any of her cells |
the genes on both X chromosomes would be expressed |
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The expression of only one allele of a gene and silencing of the other allele, all based on which parent contributed each allele, is |
genomic imprinting. |
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For most multicellular eukaryotes, including humans, mitochondria are inherited |
only from the mother. |
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Your parents are both heterozygous for the recessive disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). What is the probability that you will have the disorder? |
25% regardless of the health of your 3 siblings |
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Suppose that in studies of genes on the same chromosome you find the following recombination frequencies: In this case it would be proper to say that a, c, and b are |
linked genes |
