Myo Lecture #1

Front 1

agonist muscle / prime mover

Back 1

muscle which performs the majority of an action (not at every joint)

Front 2

antagonist muscle

Back 2

muscle whose actions oppose another muscle

Front 3

synergist muscle

Back 3

muscle which aids and performs the same action as a prime mover

Front 4

stabilizer muscle

Back 4

muscle which fixes the origin of another muscle

Front 5

origin

Back 5

the proximal attachment of a muscle, usually doesn't move

Front 6

proximal

Back 6

closer to the point of attachment

Front 7

insertion

Back 7

the distal attachment of a muscle, usually moves

Front 8

distal

Back 8

further from the point of attachment

Front 9

usually during muscle contraction the insertion does what?

Back 9

moves toward the origin

Front 10

objective / sign

Back 10

something you observe about your client. something you see.

Front 11

subjective / symptom

Back 11

something you are told by your client. something someone tells you.

Front 12

posterior / dorsal

Back 12

toward the back

Front 13

anterior / ventral

Back 13

toward the front

Front 14

superior / cranial / cephalad

Back 14

toward the head

Front 15

inferior / caudad / caudal

Back 15

toward the feet

Front 16

medial

Back 16

toward the midline

Front 17

lateral

Back 17

away from the midline

Front 18

ipsilateral

Back 18

same side

Front 19

contralateral

Back 19

opposite side

Front 20

bilateral

Back 20

both sides ( only flexion and extension)

Front 21

unilateral

Back 21

one side ( only lateral flexion and rotation of the spine)

Front 22

superficial

Back 22

toward the surface

Front 23

deep

Back 23

away from the surface

Front 24

intermediate

Back 24

in between

Front 25

central

Back 25

toward the center

Front 26

peripheral

Back 26

away from the center

Front 27

abduction

Back 27

moving away from the midline (based on 3rd digit of hand)

Front 28

adduction

Back 28

moving toward the midline (based on 3rd digit of hand)

Front 29

rotation

Back 29

turning a bone around it's long axis

Front 30

internal / medial rotation

Back 30

rotation toward the midline

Front 31

external / lateral rotation

Back 31

rotation away from the midline

Front 32

pronation

Back 32

palms face back, soles face laterally (aka version at the ankle)

Front 33

supination

Back 33

palms face front, soles face medially (aka inversion at the ankle)

Front 34

circumduction

Back 34

one body part is fixed while the other transcribe a circle

Front 35

protration

Back 35

moving anterior in a horizontal plane (head, mandible, humid and spatula)

Front 36

retraction

Back 36

moving posterior in a horizontal plane (head, mandible, hyoid and scapula)

Front 37

radial deviation

Back 37

movement of hand / wrist towards radius (abduction of hand)

Front 38

ulnar deviation

Back 38

movement of hand / wrist toward ulna (adduction of hand)

Front 39

elevation

Back 39

moving superior in a ventrical plane (mandible, hyoid, scapula and ribs)

Front 40

depression

Back 40

moving inferior in a ventrical plane (mandible, hyoid, scapula and ribs)

Front 41

apposition

Back 41

thumb pad to side of fingers

Front 42

opposition

Back 42

thumb pad to tip of 5th digit (pinky)

Front 43

flexion

Back 43

decreasing angle of a joint

Front 44

extension

Back 44

increasing angle of a joint

Front 45

lateral flexion

Back 45

flexion to the side, occurs in head / neck and trunk (spine moving side to side)

Front 46

sagittal plane

Back 46

divides body into left and right. (flexion and extension occurs)

Front 47

midsagittal plane

Back 47

right and left halves

Front 48

coronal / frontal plane

Back 48

divides body into anterior and posterior. (lateral flexion occurs)

Front 49

horizontal / transverse plane

Back 49

divides body into superior and inferior. (rotation occurs)

Front 50

oblique plane

Back 50

runs at any other angle

Front 51

sagittal axis

Back 51

lateral flexion (in the neck), abduction and adduction

Front 52

frontal / coronal axis

Back 52

flexion and extension

Front 53

longitudinal axis

Back 53

rotation

Front 54

joint (definition)

Back 54

articulation between bones

Front 55

functions of a joint

Back 55

holds bones together and movement usually

Front 56

functional joint

Back 56

is based upon the amount of movement in a synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic or a diarthrotic joint

Front 57

structural joint

Back 57

is based upon it's tissue type in a fibrous, cartilaginous or synovial joint. also based on presence / absence of a joint cavity

Front 58

synarthrotic joint

Back 58

allows no movement

Front 59

synarthrotic joint types

Back 59

sutures of the skull, gomphosis (teeth) and syndesmosis (interosseous membrane)

Front 60

amphiarthrotic joint

Back 60

allows slight movement

Front 61

amphiarthrotic joint types

Back 61

pubic symphysis and IVDs (intervetebral discs of the spine)

Front 62

diarthrotic joint

Back 62

allows greater movement

Front 63

fibrous joint

Back 63

fibrous CT with no joint cavity

Front 64

fibrous joint types

Back 64

sutures of the skull, gomphosis (teeth) and syndesmosis

Front 65

cartilaginous joint

Back 65

cartilage with no joint cavity

Front 66

cartilaginous joint types

Back 66

pubic symphysis and IVDs (intervetebral discs of the spine)

Front 67

synovial joint

Back 67

synovial membrane and joint cavity

Front 68

synovial joint types

Back 68

ginglymus / hinge, pivot, gliding / plane, condyloid / ellipsoidal, saddle and ball and socket / spheriod

Front 69

ginglymus / hinge joint

Back 69

allows for flexion and extension in the knees, elbows, PIPs, IPs and DIPs

Front 70

pivot joint

Back 70

allows for rotation of atlas on axis and proximal radius on ulna

Front 71

gliding / plane joint

Back 71

glide or slide over another such as the inner carpal / inner tarsal joints and the facet joints of the spine

Front 72

condyloid / ellipsoidal joint

Back 72

allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction of MCP joints

Front 73

saddle joint

Back 73

allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction of the CMC joint of the thumb

Front 74

ball and socket / spheriod joint

Back 74

allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction and rotation of the femoroacetabular joint (hip) and the glenohumeral joint (shoulder)