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228 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rectus fermoris origin
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anterior interior iliac spine and ilium superior to acetabulum
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Rectus femoris insertion
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quadrieceps tendon and independent attachments to base of patella
indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity |
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Rectus femoris innervation
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femoral nerve
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Rectus femoris action
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Extend leg at knee joint
Flex thigh |
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Vastus lateralis origin
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greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
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vastus lateralis insertion
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quadriceps tendon and independent attachments to base of patella
Indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity lateral patellar retinacula |
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vastus lateralis innervation
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femoral nerve
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vastus lateralis action
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extend leg at knee joint
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vastus medialis origin
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intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur
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vastus medialis insertion
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quadriceps tendon and independent attachments to base of patella
indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity medial patellar retinacula |
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vastus medialis innervation
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femoral nerve
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vastus medialis action
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extend leg at knee joint
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vastus intermedius origin
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anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
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vastus intermedius insertion
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quadriceps tendon and independent attachments to base of patella
indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity |
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vastus intermedius innervation
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femoral nerve
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vastus intermedius action
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extend leg at knee joint
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sartorius origin
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anterior superior iliac spine and superior part of notch inferior to it
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sartorius insertion
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superior part of medial surface of tibia
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sartorius innervation
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femoral nerve
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sartorius action
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flex thigh and leg
(medially rotating leg when knee is flexed) |
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gracilis origin
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body and inferior ramus of pubis
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gracilis insertion
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superior part of medial surface of tibia
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gracilis innervation
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obturator nerve
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gracilis action
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adducts thigh
flexes leg helps medially rotate hip joint |
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pectineus origin
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superior ramus of pubis
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pectineus insertion
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pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter
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pectineus innervation
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femoral nerve
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pectineus action
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adduct and medially rotate hip joint
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adductor longus origin
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body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
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adductor longus insertion
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middle third of linea aspera of femur
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adductor longus innervation
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obturator nerve
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adductor longus action
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adducts and medially rotates the hip joint
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adductor brevis origin
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body and inferior ramus of pubis
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adductor brevis insertion
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pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
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adductor brevis innervation
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obturator nerve
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adductor brevis action
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adduct and medially rotate the hip joint
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adductor magnus origin
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adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
hamstrings parrt: ischial tuberosity |
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adductor magnus insertion
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adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur |
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adductor magnus innervation
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adductor part: obturator nerve
hamstring part: tibial part of sciatic nerve |
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adductor magnus action
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adducts and medially rotates the hip joint
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obturator externus origin
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margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
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obturator externus insertion
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trochanteric fossa of femur
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obturator externus innervation
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obturator nerve
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obturator externus action
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laterally rotates thigh; steadies head of femur in acetabulum
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gluteus maximus origin
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Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line
Dorsal surface surface of sacrum and coccyx Sacrotuberous ligament |
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gluteus maximus insertion
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Most fibers end in iliotibial tract, which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity
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gluteus maximus innervation
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inferior gluteal nerve
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gluteus maximus action
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Extends thigh
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gluteus medius origin
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external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
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gluteus medius insertion
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lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
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gluteus medius innervation
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superior gluteal nerve
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gluteus medius action
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abduct and medially rotate thigh
(keep pelvis lvl when ipsilateral limb is weight-bearing and advance opposite side during its swing phase) |
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gluteus minimus origin
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external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
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gluteus minimus insertion
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anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
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gluteus minimus innervation
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superior gluteal nerve
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gluteus minimus action
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abduct and medially rotate thigh
(keep pelvis lvl when ipsilateral limb is weight-bearing and advance opposite side during its swing phase) |
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tensor fasciae latae origin
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anterior superior iliac spine; anterior part of iliac crest
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Tensor fasciae latae insertion
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ITB, which attaches to lateral condyle of tibia
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Tensor fasciae latae innervation
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superior gluteal nerve
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Tensor fasciae latae action
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flex and abduct the thigh. It also assists in medial rotation of the thigh and extension of the leg
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piriformis origin
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anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament
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piriformis insertion
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superior border of greater trochanter of femur
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piriformis innervation
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nerve to piriformis
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piriformis action
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lateral rotator of the thigh
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superior gemellus origin
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iscial spine
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superior gemellus insertion
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medial surface of grater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
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superior gemellus action
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lateral rotation of the thigh
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superior gemellus innervation
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nerve to obturator internus
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obturator internus origin
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pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
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obturator internus insertion
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medial surface of grater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
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obturator internus innervation
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nerve to obturator internus
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obturator internus action
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Lateral rotator of the thigh
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inferior gemellus origin
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ischial tuberosity
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inferior gemellus insertion
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medial surface of grater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
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inferior gemellus innervation
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nerve to quadratus femoris
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inferior gemellus action
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lateral rotator of thigh
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quadratus femoris origin
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lateral border of ischial tuberosity
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quadratus femoris insertion
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quadrate tubercle of intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it
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quadratus femoris innervation
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nerve to quadratus femoris
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quadratus femoris action
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laterally rotates thigh
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semitendinosus origin
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ischial tuberosity
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semitendinosus insertion
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medial surface of superior part of tibia
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semitendinosus innervation
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tibial division of sciatic nerve
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semitendinosus action
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extend thigh and flex leg
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semimembranosus origin
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ischial tuberosity
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semimembranosus insertion
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posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
reflected attachment forms oblique poplieteal ligament |
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semimembranosus innervation
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tibial division of sciatic nerve
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semimembranosus action
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extend thigh and flex leg
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biceps femoris long head origin
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ischial tuberosity
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biceps femoris long head insertion
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lateral side of head of fibula
tendon is split at this side by fibular collateral ligament of knee |
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biceps femoris long head innervation
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tibial division of sciatic nerve
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biceps femoris long head action
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extends thigh and flexes leg
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biceps femoris short head origin
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linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
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biceps femoris short head insertion
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lateral side of head of fibula
tendon is split at this site by fibular collateral ligament of knee |
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biceps femoris short head innervation
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peroneal division of sciatic nerve
(common fibular division of sciatic nerve) |
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biceps femoris short head action
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extends thigh and flexes leg
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anterior tibialis origin
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Lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
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anterior tibialis insertion
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medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneifrom and base of 1st metatarsal
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anterior tibialis innervation
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deep peroneal nerve
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anterior tibalis action
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dorsiflexes and and inverts foot
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extensor digitorum longus origin
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lateral condyle of tibia
superior three quarters of medial surface of fibula interosseous membrane |
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extensor digitorum longus insertion
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middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
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extensor digitorum longus innervation
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deep peroneal nerve
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extensor digitorum longus action
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extends lateral four digits, dorsiflexes ankle, and evert the foot
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extensor hallucis longus origin
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middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
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extensor hallucis longus insertion
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dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe
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extensor hallucis longus innervation
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deep peroneal nerve
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extensor hallucis longus action
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extends great toe and dorsiflexes ankle
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peroneus tertius origin
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inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
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peroneus tertius insertion
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dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
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peroneus tertius action
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dorsiflexes ankle and aids in eversion of foot
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peroneus tertius innervation
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deep peroneal nerve
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peroneus longus origin
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head and superior two thirds of lateral surface of fibula
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peroneus longus insertion
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base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
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peroneus longus innervation
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superficial peroneal nerve
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peroneus longus action
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everts foot and plantar flexes foot
supports arch of foot |
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peroneus brevis origin
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inferior two thirds of lateral surface of fibula
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peroneus brevis insertion
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dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal
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peroneus brevis innervation
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superficia peroneal nerve
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peroneus brevis action
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everts foot and plantar flex foot
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gastrocnemius origin
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lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur
medial head: popliteal surface of femur; superior to medial condyle |
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gastrocnemius insertion
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posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
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gastrocnemius innervation
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tibial nerve
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gastrocnemius action
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flex leg and plantar flex foot
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soleus origin
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posterior head and superior quarter of posterior fibula
soleal line and middle third of medial border of tibia tendinous arch between bony attachments |
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soleus insertion
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posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
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soleus innervation
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tibial nerve
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soleus action
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plantar flex foot
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plantaris origin
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inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur
oblique popliteal ligament |
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plantaris insertion
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posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
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plantaris innervation
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tibial nerve
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plantaris action
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action is insignificant
tendon can be used elsewhere in body for reconstructive surgery |
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poplitieus origin
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lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus
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popliteus insertion
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posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line
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popliteus innervation
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tibial nerve
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popliteus action
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flex leg and rotate tibia medially
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flexor hallucis longus origin
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inferior two thirds of posterior surface of fibula
inferior part of interosseous membrane |
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flexor hallucis longus insertion
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base of distal phalanx of great toe
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flexor hallucis longus innervation
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tibial nerve
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flexor hallucis longus action
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flex distal phalanx of big toe
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flexor digitorum longus origin
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medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; by a broad tendon to fibula
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flexor digitorum longus insertion
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bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits
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flexor digitorum longus action
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flex distal phalanges of toes 2-5
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flexor digitorum longus innervation
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tibial nerve
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tibialis posterior origin
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interosseous membrane; posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line, posterior surface of fibula
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tibialis posterior insertion
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tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and sustenaculum tali of calcaneus, bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsals
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tibialis posterior innervation
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tibial nerve
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tibialis posterior action
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plantarflexes ankle
inverts foot |
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abductor hallucis origin
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medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus
flexor retinaculum plantar aponeurosis |
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abductor hallucis insertion
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medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
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abductor hallucis innervation
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medial plantar nerve
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abductor hallucis action
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abducts 1st digit
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flexor digitorum brevis origin
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medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus
plantar aponeurosis intermuscular septa |
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flexor digitorum brevis insertion
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both sides of middle phalanges of lateral 4 digits
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flexor digitorum brevis innervation
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medial plantar nerve
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flexor digitorum brevis action
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2-5 toes PIP flexion
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abductor digiti minimi origin
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medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneal tuberosity
plantar aponeurosis intermuscular septa |
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abductor digiti minimi insertion
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lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
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abductor digiti minimi innervation
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lateral plantar nerve
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abductor digiti minimi action
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abducts 5th toe
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quadratus plantae origin
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medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus
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quadratus plantae insertion
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posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
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quadratus plantae innervation
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lateral plantar nerve
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quadratus plantae action
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2-5 toe flexion
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lumbricales origin
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tendons of flexor digitorum longus
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lumbricales insertion
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medial aspect of expansion over lateral four digits
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lumbricales innervation
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medial one: medial plantar nerve
lateral three: lateral plantar nerve |
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lubricales action
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MTP flexion
IP extension |
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flexor hallucis brevis origin
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plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiforms
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flexor hallucis brevis insertion
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both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
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flexor hallucis brevis innervation
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medial plantar nerve
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flexor hallucis brevis action
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1st toe flexion
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adductor halluis origin
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oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2-4
transverse head: plantar ligaments of MTP joints |
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adductor hallucis insertion
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Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
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adductor hallucis innervation
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lateral plantar nerve
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adductor hallucis action
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Adduction & assistance with flexion of 1st toe
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flexor digiti minimi brevis origin
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base of 5th metatarsal
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flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion
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base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
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flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation
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lateral plantar nerve
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flexor digiti minimi brevis action
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5th toe proximal phalanx flexion
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plantar interossei origin
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plantar aspect of medial sides of shafts of metatarsals 3-5
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plantar interossei insertion
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medial sides of bases of phalanges of 3rd-5th digits
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plantar interossei innervation
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lateral plantar nerve
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plantar interossei action
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3rd – 5th toe adduction & MTP joint flexion
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dorsal interossei origin
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adjacent sides of shafts of metatarsals 1-5
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dorsal interossei insertion
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Both sides of 2nd proximal phalanx
lateral side of 3rd – 4th proximal phalanges |
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dorsal interossei innervation
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lateral plantar nerve
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dorsal interossei action
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2nd – 5th toe abduction & MTP joint flexion
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iliacus origin
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iliac crest
iliac fossa ala of sacrum anterior sacro-iliac ligaments |
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iliacus insertion
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tendon of psoas major
lesser trochanter and femur distal to it |
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iliacus innervation
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femoral nerve
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iliacus action
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act conjointly with psoas major in flexing thigh at hip joint and stablilizing this joint
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psoas major origin
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sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs between them
transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae |
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psoas major insertion
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lesser trochanter of femur
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psoas major innervation
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anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1,L2,L3)
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psoas major action
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acts conjointly with iliacus in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stablilizing this joint
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sternocleidomastoid origin
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sternal head: anterior surface of manubrium of sternum
clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of clavicle |
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sternocleidomastoid insertion
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lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line
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sternocleidomastoid innervation
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spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
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sternocleidomastoid action
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When one sternomastoid contracts, it rotates and draws the head to the shoulder; but when both muscles contract together they flex the cervical column
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anterior scalene origin
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1st rib
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anterior scalene insertion
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transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae
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anterior scalene innervation
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cervical spinal nerves C4-C6
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anterior scalene action
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flex head
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middle scalene origin
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superior surface of 1st rib; posterior to groove for subclavian artery
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middle scalene insertion
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posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C5-C7 vertebrae
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middle scalene innervation
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anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
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middle scalene action
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flexes neck laterally
elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration |
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posterior scalene origin
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external border of 2nd rib
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posterior scalene insertion
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posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C5-C7 vertebrae
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posterior scalene innervation
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anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C7 and C8
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posterior scalene action
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flexes neck laterally
elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration |
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omohyoid origin
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superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch
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omohyoid insertion
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inferior border of hyoid
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omohyoid innervation
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ansa cervicalis (C2 and C3), which is the motor part of the cervical plexus
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omohyoid action
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steadies the hyoid
depresses and retracts the hyoid and larynx |
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sternohyoid origin
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manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle
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sternohyoid insertion
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body of hyoid
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sternohyoid innervation
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motor branches of ansa cervicalis
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sternohyoid action
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depress the hyoid bone and the larynx
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sternothyroid origin
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posterior surface of manubrium of sternum
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sternothyroid insertion
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oblique line of thyroid cartilage
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sternothyroid innervation
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motor branches of ansa cervicalis
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sternothyroid action
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depress the hyoid bone and the larynx
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thyrohyoid origin
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oblique line of thyroid cartilage
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thyrohyoid insertion
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inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid
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thyrohyoid innervation
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C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
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thyrohyoid action
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depress the hyoid bone and the larynx
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