Last Exam

Front 1

Listeriosis - Who is most at risk?

Back 1

Immunosupressed
Infants/Elderly
Pregnant women

Front 2

Listeriosis - Foods to avoid

Back 2

Deli meat
Raw milk
Soft cheeses

Front 3

Gastroenteritis affects the

Back 3

Stomach and small intestine

Front 4

Stool test for occult blood

Back 4

Guiac

Front 5

How to assess for nutritional defIcit

Back 5

Weight Loss
(not stools)

Front 6

Treatment for hemorrhoids (internal vs. external)

Back 6

Internal - Laser
External - Laser/rubber bands

Stool softeners
Witch hazel compresses

Front 7

Condition where hemorrhoids are likely

Back 7

Pregnancy

Front 8

Causes of hemorrhoids

Back 8

Heredity
Straining

*Frank bleeding possible

Front 9

Acute gastritis from an alteration in intercranial processes (hypersecretion of gastric acid from vagal stimulation)

Back 9

Cushing's ulcer

*Why Maalox/Tagamet given to head trauma patients

Occult stool test (Guiac) - bleeding 2-10 days aftert stress event

Front 10

Which is LESS severe: Type A (Fundal) gastritis or Type B (Antral) gastritis?

Back 10

Type B (Antral) gastritis (limited to antral area)

*Type A (Fundal) gastritis is more severe (mucosa in body and fundus affected)

Front 11

Associate atrophic gastritis with:

Back 11

Women (more common)
Pernicious anemia

Front 12

Duodenal ulcers

Back 12

You feel better when you eat (weight gain)

Intermittent nature

Front 13

Gastric ulcers

Back 13

Pain not relieved by eating (weight loss)

Chronic nature

Front 14

Diseases associated with duodenal ulcers

Back 14

Chronic lung disease
Cirrhosis
Pancreatitis
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Front 15

Viral gastroenteritis lasts

Back 15

24-48 hours

Front 16

Bacterial gastroenteritis lasts

Back 16

5-10 days

*May require antibiotics

Front 17

Symptoms of gastroenteritis

Back 17

Anorexia
Nausea
Vomiting
Cramping pain
Diarrhea

Front 18

Symptoms associated with chronic gastritis

Back 18

Anorexia
Fullness
N/V
Epigastric pain
Stetorrhea
Gastric bleeding
Pernicious anemia

Front 19

To maintain tissue integrity with chronic gastritis

Back 19

Tagamet/Maalox as ordered
Minimize ASA, steriods, anti-inflammatory drugs
No alcohol/caffine
Antiobiotics (c.pilori)

Front 20

To maintain tissue perfusion (r/t bleeding) with chronic gastritis

Back 20

Monitor stools, emesis, N/G aspirate for frank and occult blood
NPO during bleedng episodes
N/G tube as ordered
Iced saline and tap water lavage as ordered
IV fluids and blood replacement as ordered

*VASOPRESSIN (reduces blood flow and acid)

**endoscopy and laser coagulation if bleeding does not stop

Front 21

For pain r/t gastric inflammation

Back 21

Antacids/ H receptor agonists
Soft, bland diet
Frequent, small feedings

Front 22

Associate pernicious anemia with which type of gastritis?

Back 22

Atrophic gastritis

**Watch for sensory/perceptual alterations

Front 23

Precipitating factors for ulcers

Back 23

Type O blood
Long-standing anxiety
Smoking
Caffiene
Alcohol
Irritating drugs

Front 24

Best way to prevent spread of bacterial or viral gastroenteritis

Back 24

Hand Washing

Front 25

Fulid vol. deficit r/t diarrhea/ vomiting is worse for

Back 25

Debilitated/Elderly patients

Front 26

Interventions for altered nutrition

Back 26

Antiemetics
Weight Q other day
Small amounts of balanced glucose-electrolyte solutions till nausea subsides

Front 27

Symptoms of appendicitis

Back 27

Rt. lower quadrant pain
Anorexia
N/V
Low grade fever

Front 28

Complications of appendicitis

Back 28

Perforation
Abscess formation
Peritonitis*

*Results in paralytic ileus

Front 29

Position for pain r/t appendicitis

Back 29

Semi fowler's

Front 30

Position for pain r/t peritonitis

Back 30

Knees flexed

Front 31

Diet for cholecystitis

Back 31

Fat free

Front 32

Signs of acute cholecystitis

Back 32

RUQ pain/tenderness
Jaundice if common bile duct obstructed (usually in cystic duct)

Front 33

Diverticulitis usually occours in the

Back 33

Sigmoid colon

Front 34

Parasites enter the GI tract via

Back 34

Fecal-oral route

*Contaminated food or water
*Contact with feces from a contaminated person


HAND WASHING

**Carriers with no symptoms are possible

Front 35

Malabsorption r/t Giardia infection can result in these deficiencies

Back 35

Fat
Protein
Vit. B12
Lactase

Front 36

Salmonellosis (route? incubation?)

Back 36

A bacterial infection spread via fecal oral route

8-48 HR. INCUBATION PERIOD after consuming contaiminated FOOD (unrefrigerated)

Front 37

To diagnose Salmonellosis

Back 37

Stool culture

Front 38

Salmonellosis pt. may be a carrier for

Back 38

up to a year

Front 39

Who does Crohn's disease affect and where?

Back 39

15-30 year olds
Anywhere from mouth to anus

Front 40

Dietary factors and Crohn's disease

Back 40

Chemical food additives
Refined carbohydrates
Heavy metals
Low fiber diet

**No evidence to support emotional factors

Front 41

Associate what type of lesions with Crohn's disease

Back 41

"Skip" lesions (normal bowel w/ diseased segments)

Front 42

Later symptoms of Crohn's disease

Back 42

Increased pain and diarrhea

FREQUENT SMALL VOLUME STOOLS (NO BLOOD, MUCUS, PUS)

Front 43

Extraintestinal manifestations associated with Crohn's disease

Back 43

Joint problems
Skin lesioms
Ocular disorders
Oral ulcers

Front 44

Clinical manifestations of ucerative colitis

Back 44

Rectal bleeding and diarrhea

SMALL FREQUENT STOOLS (WITH BLOOD, MUCUS, PUS)
*or high vol. watery diarrhea

Front 45

Systemic manifestations of ulcerative colitis

Back 45

Skin lesions
Eye lesions
Joint abnormalities
Liver disease

Front 46

Which has deeper tissue involvement Crohn's or ulcerative colitis?

Back 46

Crohn's (transmural)

*ulcerative colitis = mucosal