Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Equine- horse- HR, RR, Temperature
|
30-45, 8-20, 99-100.5
|
|
|
Bovine- cows- HR, RR, Temperature
|
60-80, 8-20, 100-102.5
|
|
|
Porcine- pig- HR, RR, Temperature
|
60-90, 10-24, 101-103
|
|
|
Ovine- sheep- HR, RR, Temperature
|
60-90-16-24-101-104
|
|
|
Camelid- llama- HR, RR, Temperature
|
60-90, 10-30, 99-101.5
|
|
|
Caprine- goat- HR, RR, Temperature
|
60-90, 12-30, 101-104
|
|
|
Domestic large animals lack
|
clavicle
|
|
|
The radius and ulna are fused in
|
horses and ruminants- cannot supinate
|
|
|
Splint bones are vestigial metacarpals in the
|
equine
|
|
|
Fibula is often not present in
|
cursorial animals
|
|
|
Carnivores limbs are not fused
|
they can rotate their paw
|
|
|
The rib pairs equal
|
the number of thoracic vertebrae
|
|
|
Another name for the hoof
|
ungula
|
|
|
Hoofed animals are called
|
ungulates
|
|
|
Ruminants have ? hooves per foot
|
2- one covers each digit
|
|
|
cattle, sheep and goats carry their weight on the
|
third and fourth digit
|
|
|
Horses carry their weight on the
|
third digit
|
|
|
Two components of the hoof wall
|
epidermal and dermal surfac
|
|
|
Epidermal surface includes
|
hoof capsule, and tough outher surface
|
|
|
hoof dermis (corium) is extremely
|
sensitive, because it is well innervated
|
|
|
corium is futher divided into regions:
|
laminar, perioplic, coronary, sole and frog
|
|
|
the white line is seen from the
|
palmar/plantar surface of the hood
|
|
|
the white line is the
|
inner most layer of the hold wall
|
|
|
the white line is adjacent to the
|
sensitive laminae
|
|
|
toe
|
cranial portion of hood
|
|
|
coronet
|
most proximal edge of the hoof- area of haired skin and hoof wall
|
|
|
quarters
|
medial and lateral portions of the hoof
|
|
|
heel
|
rear portion of the hoof
|
|
|
barns
|
angle of the wall where the wall turns at the heel; extensions of the wall
|
|
|
sole
|
thick tissue between the wall, frog and bars
|
|
|
frog
|
thick, triangle shaped structure. the digital cushion (aids in shock absorption) is deep to this structure on the palmar/plantar surface
|
|
|
Bubls of the heel
|
softer structures at the caudal aspect of the hoof. they contain an extension of the digital cushion. When the horse applies pressure to the bulbs of the heel, one will be able to appreciate expansion or an outward movement (abaxial/axial surfaces) to allow for pressure distribution. This is important to keep in mind when putting new shoes on a horse, allowing for appropriate sizing
|
|
|
The mediastinum is
|
the area of the thorax where the left and right pleura meet
|
|
|
all large animals have a complete mediastinum except the
|
horse, which is fenestrated caudally
|
|
|
Omnivore
|
porcine
|
|
|
herbivore
|
bovine, camelid, caprine, equine and ovine
|
|
|
Monogastric
|
equine, procine
|
|
|
Multigastric
|
ruminant (bovine, caprine, ovine)
|
|
|
3 compartment
|
camelid
|
|
|
bacterial fermentation
|
bovine, camelid, caprine, equine, ovine
|
|
|
enzymatic digestion
|
porcine
|
|
|
Monogastric equine GI system includes
|
stomach, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, large colon, small colon, rectum
|
|
|
Monogastric procine GI system includes
|
stomach, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, spiral colon, colon, rectum
|
|
|
Multigastric Ruminant bovine, ovine, caprine GI system includes
|
rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum (real stomach), pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ilium, cecum, spiral colon, colon, rectum
|
|
|
3 compartment- camelid- GI system includes
|
C1, C2, C3 (true stomach), pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cedum, spiral colon, colon, rectum
|
|
|
multigastric foregut fermenters- bovine, ovine, caprine, camelid
|
they hold feed for bacterial fermentation in the rumen or C1. They regurgitate a cud for further mastication and production of a buffering saliva before swallowing it again
|
