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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Examples of occupational language |
Doctor - field specific lexis, medical jargon e.g. chronic, prognosis Police - code, field specific Lexus e.g. ASBO, GBH |
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positives of using occupational jargon |
- in the medical profession it is important to be able to use jargon as it promotes efficiency and the ability to work fast in emergencies - the use of code in the police force enables officers to work in emergencies without alerting the public and scaring them -creates a sense of community in the workplace - helps those working to understand exactly what it is that is going on/they have to do |
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negatives of using occupational jargon |
- it can exclude those who don't know what it means - can create worry and confusion - can lead to some people avoiding going to hospital due to embarrassment of not understanding the language |
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Community of Practise John Swales (1990) |
Defined a discourse community as having members who: - share a set of common goals - communicate internally using one or more genres of communication - use specialist lexis and discourse para |
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Occupations where there is a lack of paralinguistic features and how this effects the communication |
999 operators rely on prosodic features as the conversation happens over the phone. It effects the conversation as it adds pauses and interruptions between speakers |
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use of empty metaphors and idioms |
some office type jobs have these in their occupational dialect in order to boost morale, but this can negatively affect those working there as it can come across as repetitive and patronising |
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linguistic accommodation |
code switching - this can be useful in teacher professions with young children as it enables the teacher to communicate with the children in a way that makes it easier for them to understand. e.g. CDS such as praise and address terms can help to engage the children in study. Convergence to children's speech patterns will also help them to understand |
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Sinclair and Coulthard (1977) |
three main functions of teacher talk: - informative (this is this) - elicitation (what is this) - directive (do this) |
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Meker (1995) |
suggested that there are typical conversational routines in classrooms that help children learn. e.g this complete utterance: T: this is an example of..? S: phatic talk T: exactly |
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language and power |
occupational discourse uses powerful language and different individuals position themselves in different ways |
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O'barr and Atkins |
courtroom study - language differences are based on situation specific authoritative power. |
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Holmes (1988) |
studies conducted on managers. the studies showed that female managers were more likely to negotiate consensus compared to male managers |
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Holmes and Schnurr (2006) |
analysed the ways in which NZ speakers construct different professional identities in the workplace. focussed on the idea of femininity and point at that is has taken on negative connotations but argue that the uses of hedges and minimisers can soften directives and be positively constructive |
