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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Type of scale |
Architects scale |
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Type is scale |
Metric scale |
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Type of scale |
Engineers scale |
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This scale is read in feet, inches, and fraction of an inch |
Architects scale |
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Scale most often used on residential projects |
Architects scale |
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Used to measure plans drawn in decimal units |
Engineers scale |
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This scale reads distances in feet and tenths of a foot |
Engineers |
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Scale commonly used for commercial projects |
Engineers scale |
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Scale marked in divisions ranging from 10 units per inch to 60 units per inch |
Engineers scale |
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Scale used to measure distances on plans drawn in metric units |
Metric scale |
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Using your scale ruler to measure the DRAWING SCALE on a plan can determine this: |
Whether the plan has been enlarged or reduced |
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1 inch equals how many centimetres? |
2.54 centimetres |
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1 foot equals how many centimetres? |
30.48cm |
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1 yard equals how many feet? |
3 feet |
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1 yard equals how many metres? |
.91 metres |
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1 mile equals how many kilometres? |
1.6 km |
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Adding up the length of all sides of a shape gives you this |
Perimeter |
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The formula for finding the perimeter of a circle |
2× 3.14 x radius of the circle |
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Formula for calculating the area of a rectangle |
Length × width |
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Formula for finding the area of a triangle |
Base × height ÷ 2 |
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Formula for finding the area of a circle |
3.14 × radius2 |
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Term for the space contained within a three dimensional space |
Volume |
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Formula for finding the volume of a cube |
Area of the base × height |
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Formula for finding the volume of a cylinder |
3.14 × radius2 × height |
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How many cubic feet are in 1 cubic yard? |
27 cubic feet |
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How many cubic inches are in 1 cubic foot? |
1728 |
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How many square feet are in 1 square yard? |
9 |
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How many square inches are In 1 square foot? |
144 |
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How many feet are in 1 yard? |
3 |
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When estimating materials, what percentage should be added for topsoil if compaction is taken into account? |
30% |
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Term used for the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from the surface of an area of land, a building or structure, etc |
Runoff |
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Bioswale |
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When on site, how can you determine direction of prevailing wind? |
Root flare. A root flare will be pushing against the prevailing wind |
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How do you repair damaged bark? |
Prune all damaged bark until you reach new bark. |
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Why is it important to remove damaged bark on a tree? |
Pests and diseases can get into the damaged bark |
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Epicormic growth |
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Natural or humanmade elements that provide hydrological functions and processes for managing rainwater |
Green infrastructure |
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Infrastructure that includes systems of pipes and culvert that collect stormwater from areas and convey it to nearby water bodies |
Grey infrastructure |
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Rain barrels, permeable pavers and green roofs are examples of: |
Green infrastructure |
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Green infrastructure retains water on site to reduce: |
Stormwater runoff |
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The leading killer of urban trees |
Soil compaction |
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4 ways to prepare a tree in advance for construction |
1.Water to prevent drought stress 2. Fertilize 3. Prune dead wood 4. Root prune at edge of protected zone |
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Recovery time a trees that are damaged are longest in which seasons? |
Spring and summer |
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Term used for the relative potential for a tree to become hazardous |
Hazard tree rating |
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A designated area around a tree in which no activity or traffic is allowed |
Tree protection zone |
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What does DBH stand for? |
Diameter breast height |
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How do you determine the distance for a tree protection zone? |
1. Measure diameter of tree trunk in inches, at Diameter Breast Height 2. Multiply the value by 2.5 |
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How many inches of clay soil over a trees root system will cause massive root damage? |
3 inches |
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Sandy soils over tree roots will initiate damage at ___ inches, and massive root damage at ___ inches |
Initiate at 8inches Massive damage at 24 inches |
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Tree roots generally grow deeper in which types of Soil? Sandy or clay? |
Sandy soil |
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How long before construction start should a trees root system be pruned? |
3-6 months |
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Why cut a trees root system 3-6 months before construction? |
Allows time for the tree to produce feeder roots within the pruning line. Therefore reduces stress during construction |
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Driveing over an area once with a machine can increase soil compaction by ___ percent. |
70% |
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Driving over an area 3 times may increase soil compaction by ___%. |
90% |
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Tree decline due to ___ may take 3-7 years to appear. |
Soil compaction |
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5 early signs of construction damage on a tree |
1. Wilted or scorched leaves 2.drooping branches 3. Early fall colouring 4. Early leaf drop 5. Excessive needle drop |
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Located at the base of the trunk of a mature tree. If too much fill has been added this will not be visible |
Buttress flare |
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At what soil depths are most roots found? |
Within the top 2'. |
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What is the key principal in a tree save program? |
All parties deciding parameters before construction start |
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Rule of thumb for the extent of feeder roots |
Feeder roots extend from the dripline to a distance approx. The height of the tree. |
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5 repairs that can be made to an area after construction |
1. Aeration of compacted areas 2. Prune damaged branches and bark 3. Continue watering 4. Do NOT fertilize stressed trees 5. Replant disturbed areas |
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During the job planning phase, if a client decides that a project is well beyond there budget, what is one possible solution that will allow them to keep all aspects of their plan that they wanted? |
Phase the project. Do part of the project this year, do another phase the following year. |
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What are Specs. Or specifications? |
A specific material requested for a job Ex. Stainless steel bolts, certain type of soil, 60mm permacon paver |
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Why is it important to do a site analysis ? Give 5 reasons |
1. Knowing the site inside and out 2. Identify opportunities and limitations 3. Create an inventory of items needed 4. Determine circulation and job flow 5. Identify possible environmental impacts and considerations (weather, water course alteration). |
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Why is it important to determine soil conditions during a site analysis? |
To determine whether soil needs amendments |
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What must be done before changing a water course on a site? |
Determine if a permit is required |
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What can be done to make a plant less vulnerable to drying out during the winter? |
Deep root watering during the fall Wrap in burlap |
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Staking technique |
Guying |
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Tree Staking technique |
Guying |
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Tree Staking technique |
Duck bill anchoring |
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Tree Staking technique |
Duck bill anchoring |
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How do you find the area of a trapezoid? |
(Bottom + Top) height ÷2 |